Multi Store Model (1968)

Question 1

Multi store model

Answer 1

Memory a flow of information through information processing system
System divided into a series of stages as information passes from one store to another in a fixed sequence
Each stage has constraints in terms of capacity duration and encoding

Question 2

Encoding
Iconic storage

Answer 2

For visual information
Can see in sensory memory my closing eyes for a brief moment you will see an image after looking at it

Question 3

Echoic storage

Answer 3

Auditory/ sound information

Question 4

How it’s processed

Answer 4

Sensory is passed to short term by attention (taking notice)
Short term to long term by rehearsal

Question 5

Miller (1956)

Answer 5

STM capacity
Short term can hold 7+/- 2 things of information
For a short amount of time

Question 6

Peterson and Peterson (1959)

Answer 6

STM duration
Participants remember a single trigram
3 consonant intervals (3,6,9,12)
679,676,673
Struggled after 15-18 seconds

Question 7

Baddeley 1966
STM

Answer 7

STM encoding
Encodes acoustically
Confused by acoustically similar words

Question 8

Baddeley 1966
LTM

Answer 8

LTM encoding
Encodes semantically
Semantically similar words were muddled up

Question 9

Brady (2005)

Answer 9

LTM capacity
Showed 2500 objects over 5.5 hours
Showed pairs of seen and unseen
Identification 92%
Similar 88%
Different angle 87%
Unlimited storage

Question 10

Bahrick et al (1975)

Answer 10

LTM duration
Names and faces of high school classmates
400pps ages 17-74
Accuracy 80% within 15 years
78% 48 + years
Memory deteriorates but names and faces are resilient

Question 11

Conclusion

Answer 11

Application
How best to memories things for STM and LTM
What needs to be revisited and how often to relearn things
Explains why people have different memories of things as they have to pay attention to the specific thing for it to be in their memory

Question 12

Negatives

Answer 12

Reductionist
Simplifys explanations (non holistic approach)
Ignores other factors (WMM) can’t explain things like how KF lost STM but could still make new LTM memories
Based on lab experiments (lacks ecological validity) ( Peterson and Peterson trigrams is very unrealistic )

Question 13

Describe multi store model

Answer 13

Information primarily enters the system through a
sensory experience and into the sensory register which is
modality specific (1). Information is then passed to short
term memory where it can be held for around 18-30
seconds before it decays (1). If this data is rehearsed to
maintain the information it can be transferred to long
term memory (1). Long-term memory is said to have a
potentially infinite capacity and duration (1).