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medical terminology > mt midterm rev. chp8 > Flashcards

mt midterm rev. chp8 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

pulmonologists

A

physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of lung/pulmonary conditions

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2
Q

registered respiratory therapists (RRT) or respiratory care practitioners

A

assist physicians in evaluating, treating, and caring for patients who have respiratory disorders. supervise RT physicians

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3
Q

respiratory therapy technicians (rt technicians)

A

assist physicians and RRTs in evaluating, monitoring, and treating patients with respiratory disorders

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4
Q

sleep technologists

A

trained in sleep technology and sleep medicine. assist sleep specialists in assessment, monitoring, managements + follow up care of patients with sleep disorders

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5
Q

alveolus

A

terminal element of respiratory tract where gas exchange occurs

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6
Q

bronchus

A

one of the two subdivisions of the trachea

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7
Q

bronchiole

A

increasingly smaller subdivisions of bronchi

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8
Q

cilium

A

hairlike motile projection from the surface of a cell

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9
Q

expiration

A

breathe out

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10
Q

inspiration

A

breathe in

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11
Q

olfaction

A

sense of smell

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12
Q

olfactory

A

relating to the sense of smell

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13
Q

oxygen

A

gas essential for life

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14
Q

pharynx

A

tube from the back of the nose to the larynx

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15
Q

pharyngeal

A

pertaining to the pharynx

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16
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lungs

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17
Q

pulmonology

A

study of the lungs

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18
Q

rale

A

crackle heard through stethoscope

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19
Q

respiration

A

process of breathing

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20
Q

respirator

A

another name for ventilator

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21
Q

respiratory

A

pertaining to respiration

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22
Q

sputum

A

matter coughed up and spat out by individuals with respiratory disorders

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23
Q

trachea

A

air tube from the larynx to the bronchi

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24
Q

trachealis

A

pertaining to the trachea

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25
Q

cautery

A

a device to scar, burn or cut a tissue

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26
Q

cauterize

A

to apply a cautery

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27
Q

cauterization

A

the act of cauterizing

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28
Q

coryza (rhinitis)

A

acute infalmmation of the mucous membrane of the nose

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29
Q

decongestant

A

agent reducing the swelling and fluid in the nose and sinuses

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30
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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31
Q

naris

A

nostril

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32
Q

nasal

A

pertaining to the nose

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33
Q

palate

A

roof of mouth, floor of nose

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34
Q

paranasal

A

adjacent to the nose

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35
Q

polyp

A

any mass of tissue projecting outward

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36
Q

rhinitis

A

acute inflammation of the nasal musocsa

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37
Q

sinus

A

cavity or hollow space in a bone or other tissue

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38
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of sinus lining

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39
Q

adenoid

A

single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat

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40
Q

apnea

A

absense of spontaneous respiration

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41
Q

hypoxemia

A

low oxygen levels in arterial blood

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42
Q

hypoxia

A

dercreased below normal levels of oxygen in tissue, gas, or blood

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43
Q

laryngophrynx

A

region of the pharynx below the epiglottis that includes the larynx

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44
Q

nasopharynx

A

region of the pharynx at the back of the nose above the soft palate

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45
Q

nasopharyngeal

A

pertaining to the nasopharnx

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46
Q

oropharynx

A

region at the back of the mouth between the soft palate and tip of epiglottis

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47
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

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48
Q

polysomnography

A

test to monitor brain waves, muscle tension, eye movement, and oxygen levels in the blood as the patient sleeps

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49
Q

tonsil

A

mass of lymphoid tissue on either side of the throat at the back of the tongue

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50
Q

tonsillitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

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51
Q

tonsillectomy

A

surgical removal of the tonsils

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52
Q

croup (aka laryngotracheobronchitis)

A

infection of upper airways in children characterized by a barking cough

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53
Q

epiglottis

A

lead shaped plate of cartilage that shuts off the larynx during swallowing

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54
Q

epiglottitis

A

inflammation of the epiglottis

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55
Q

glottis

A

the opening from the oropharynx into the larynx

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56
Q

intubation

A

insertion of a tube into a trachea

57
Q

laryngotracheobronchitis

A

inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchi

58
Q

larynx

A

organ of sound production

59
Q

laryngeal

A

pertaining to the larynx

60
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

61
Q

laryngoscope

A

hollow tube with a light adn camera usued to visualize or operate on the larynx

62
Q

papilla

A

any small projection

63
Q

papilloma

A

benign projection of epithelial cells

64
Q

stridor

A

high pitched noise made when there is a respiratory obstruction in the larynx or trachea

65
Q

vocal

A

pertaining to the voice

66
Q

diaphragm

A

the muscular sheet seperating the abdominal and thoracic cavities

67
Q

fissure

A

deep furrow or cleft

68
Q

lobe

A

subdivision of an organ or other part

69
Q

lobar

A

pertaining to a lobe

70
Q

lobectomy

A

surgical removal of a lobe

71
Q

mediastinum

A

area between the lungs containing the heart, aorta, vanae cavae, esophagus, and trachea

72
Q

pleura

A

membrane covering the lungs and lining the ribs in the thoracic cavity

73
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of the pleura

74
Q

segment

A

section of an organ or structure

75
Q

bradypnea

A

slow breathing

76
Q

cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of the skin, lips, and nail beds due to low levels of oxygen in the blood

77
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

78
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing

79
Q

exhale

A

breathe out

80
Q

exporate

A

cough up and spit out mucus from the respiratory tract

81
Q

hemoptysis

A

blood sputum

82
Q

hyperpnea

A

deeper and more rapid breathing than normal

83
Q

inhale

A

breathe in

84
Q

phlegm

A

abnrmal amounts of mucus expectorated from the respiratory tract

85
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

86
Q

asthma

A

episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed airways

87
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of the bronchi following inflammatory disease and obstruction

88
Q

auscultation

A

diagnostic method of listening to body sounds with a stethoscope

89
Q

bronchiolitis

A

inflammation of the small bronchioles

90
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchi

91
Q

bronchoconstriction

A

reduction in diameter of a bronchus

92
Q

bulla

A

bubble-like dilated structure

93
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

genetic disease in which excessive viscid mucus obstructs passages, including bronchi

94
Q

emphysema

A

dilation of respiratory bronchioles and alveoli

95
Q

hypercapnia

A

abnormal increase of carbon dioxide in the arterial bloodstream

96
Q

hypersecretion

A

excessive secretion of mucus (or enzymes or waste products)

97
Q

rhoncus

A

wheezing sound heard on ascultation of the lungs, made by air passing through constricted lumen

98
Q

viscosity

A

the resistance of fluid to flow

99
Q

viscous

A

sticky fluid that is resistant to flow

100
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

cancer arising from glandular epithelial cells

101
Q

anthracosis

A

lung disease caused by the inhalation of coal dust

102
Q

anthrax

A

a severe, malignant and infectious disease

103
Q

asbestosis

A

lung disease caused by inhalation of asbestos particles

104
Q

aspiration

A

removal by suction of fluid or gas from a body cavity

105
Q

atelactasis

A

collapse of part of a lung

106
Q

bronchogenic

A

arising from a bronchus

107
Q

bronchopneumonia

A

acute inflammation of the walls of smaller bronchioles, with spread to lung parenchyma

108
Q

empyema

A

pus in a body cavity, particularly in the pleural cavity

109
Q

hemothorax

A

blood in the pleural cavity

110
Q

parenchyma

A

specific, functional cells of a gland or organ that are supported by the connective tissue framework

111
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

fibrotic lung disease caused by inhalation of different dusts

112
Q

pneumonia

A

inflammation of the lung parenchyma (tissue)

113
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the pleural cavity

114
Q

sarcodiosis

A

granulomatous lesions of the lungs and other organs, unknown cause

115
Q

silicosis

A

fibrotic lung disease from inhaling silica particles

116
Q

thoracentesis

A

insertion of a needle into the pleural cavity to withdraw fluid or air

117
Q

tuberculosis

A

infectious disease that can infect any organ or tissue

118
Q

bronchoscopy

A

examination of the interior of the tracheboronchial tree with an endoscope

119
Q

bronchoscope

A

endoscope used to bronchoscopy

120
Q

endotracheal

A

pertaining to being inside the trachea

121
Q

mediastinoscopy

A

examination of the mediastinum using an endoscope

122
Q

spirometer

A

an instrument used to measure respiratory volumes

123
Q

spirometry

A

use of a spirometer

124
Q

thoracotomy

A

incision through the chest wall

125
Q

tomography

A

radiographic image of a selected slice of tissue

126
Q

transthoracic

A

going through the chest wall

127
Q

ultrasonography

A

delineation of deep structures using sound waves

128
Q

bronchodilator

A

agent that increases the diameter of a bronchus

129
Q

cannula

A

tube inserted into a blood vessel or cavity as a channel for fluid or gas

130
Q

mucolytic

A

agent capable of dissolving or liquefying mucus

131
Q

immunization

A

administration of an agent to provide immunity

132
Q

nebulizer

A

device used to deliver liquid medicine in a fine mist

133
Q

pneumonectomy

A

surgical removal of a lung

134
Q

resection

A

removal of a specific part of an organ or structure

135
Q

tracheostomy

A

insertion of a tube into the windpipe to assist breathing

136
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision made into the trachea to create a tracheostomy

137
Q

ventilation

A

movement of gases into and out of the lungs

138
Q

ventilator

A

device that breathes for the patient

medical terminology (7 decks)

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