Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

medical terminology > mt midterm rev. chp4 > Flashcards

mt midterm rev. chp4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

orthopedic surgeons

A

medical doctors dealing with prevention + correction of injuries of the skeletal system along with muscles, joints + ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

osteopath physicians

A

doctor of osteopathy degree and recieve additional training in the musculoskeletal system and how it affects the entire body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chiropractors

A

focus on manual adjustment of joints, particularly the spine, to maintain and restore health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

physical therapists

A

evaluate and treat pain, disease, or injury by physical therapeutic measures, as opposed to medical or surgical measures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

physical therapist assistants

A

work under pt direction to assist patients with physical therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

orthopedic technologists and technicians

A

assist orthopedic surgeons in treating patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

podiatrists

A

practitioners in diagnosis and treatment of disorders and injuries of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cartilage

A

nonvascular and firm connective tissue found mostly in joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

chiropractic

A

diagnosis, treatmetn + prevention of mechanical disorders of musculoskeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

detoxification

A

removing poison from tissue or substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ligament

A

band of fibrous connective tissue connecting two structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

muscle

A

tissue consisting of cells that can contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

musculoskeletal

A

pertaining to the muscles and the skeleon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

orthopedic

A

pertaining to correction and cure of deformities and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. originally most of the disorders were treated in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

osteocalcin

A

hormone produced by bone cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

osteopath

A

practitioner of osteopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

osteopathy

A

medical practice based on maintaining the body’s balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tendon

A

fibrous band connecting muscle to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cortex

A

outer portion of an organ like bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

cortical

A

pertaining to cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

diaphysis

A

the shaft of a long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

epiphysis

A

expanded area at bones proximal and distal ends to provide increased surface area for ligament and tendon attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

haversian canals

A

vascular canals in bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

marrow

A

fatty, blood forming tissue in the cavities of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

medulla

A

central portion of a structure surrounded by cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

periosteum

A

strong membrane surrounding bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

achondroplasia

A

condition with abnormal early conversion of cartilage into bone leading to dwarfism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

osteogenesis imperfecta

A

inherited condition where bone formation is incomplete resulting in fragile, easily broken bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

osteomalacia

A

soft and flexible bones lacking calcium (rickets)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

osteopenia

A

decreased calcification of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

osteoperosis

A

condition in which the bones become more prous, brittle and fragile and more likely to fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

rickets

A

disease due to vitamin d deficiency, producing soft and felxible bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

sarcoma

A

malignant tumor originating in connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

chrondrosarcoma

A

malignant tumor originating in cartilage cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

osteogenic sarcome

A

malignant tumor originating in bone-producing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

closed (simple) fracture

A

bone is broken but the skin isnt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

open (compound) fracture

A

fragment of the fractured bone breaks the skin, or the wound extends to the site of the fractuer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

displaced

A

the fractured bone parts are out of line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

complete

A

a bone is broken into at least two fragments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

incomplete

A

the fracture doesnt extend compeltely across the bone, could be hairline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

comminuted

A

bone breaks into several pieces, usually two major pieces and several smaller fragments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

transverse

A

fracture is at right angles to the bone’s long axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

impacted

A

fracture consists of one bone fragment driven into another resulting in the shortening of a limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

spiral

A

fracture spirals around the bone’s long axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

oblique

A

fracture runs diagonally across the long axis of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

linear

A

fracture runs parallel to the bone’s long axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

greenstick

A

partial fracture. one side breaks while the other bedns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

pathologic

A

fracture occurs in an area of bone weakened by disease, like cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

compression

A

fracture occurs in a vertebra from trauma or pathology, leading to vertebra being crushed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

stress

A

fatigue fracture caused by repetitive, local stress on a bone. like in marching or running

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

callus

A

bony tissue that forms at a fracture site early in healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

cancellous

A

bone taht has a spongy or lattice liek structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

comminuted

A

fracture in which bone is broken into pieces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

hematoma

A

collection of blood that escaped from blood vessels into tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

osteoblast

A

bone forming cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

osteocyte

A

bone maintaining cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

cervical

A

pertaining to the neck region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

coccyx

A

small tailbone at the lowest end of the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

foramen

A

an opening through a structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

kyphosis

A

normal posterior curve of the spine that may be exaggerated in disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

kyphotic

A

pertaining to/suffering from kyphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

lumber

A

region of back and sides between ribs and pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

sacrum

A

segment of vertebral column that forms part of the pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal lateral curvature of vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

spine

A

vertebral column or a short projection from bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

vertebra

A

one of the spinal column bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

whiplash

A

symptoms caused by sudden uncontrolled neck extension and flexion of the neck often from a car accident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

cranium

A

upper part of the skull encolsing the brain and protecting it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

ethmoid

A

bone that forms the back of the nose and incloses many air cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

lacrimal

A

lacrimal bone forms part of the medial wall of the orbit, or pertaining to the tears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

mandible

A

lower jaw bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

mandibular

A

pertaining to the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

maxilla

A

upper jawbone, containing the right and left maxillary sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

occipital

A

the back of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

palatine

A

bone forming the hard palate and parts of the nose and orbits

77
Q

parietal

A

the two bones forming the sidewalls + roof of the cranium

78
Q

sphenoid

A

wedge shaped bone at the base of the skull

79
Q

temporal

A

bone that forms part of the base and sides of the skull

80
Q

temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A

the joint between the temporal bone and the mandible

81
Q

zygoma

A

the bone that forms the prominence of the cheek

82
Q

zygomatic

A

pertaining to the cheekbone

83
Q

acromion

A

lateral end of scapula, extending over the shoulder joint

84
Q

acromioclavicular

A

the joint between the acromion and clavicle

85
Q

articulate

A

two seperate bones have formed a joint

86
Q

articulation

A

a joint

87
Q

clavicle

A

curved bone that forms the anterior part of the pectoral girdle

88
Q

clavicular

A

pertaining to the clavicle

89
Q

deformity

A

permanent structural deviation from the normal

90
Q

dislocation

A

completely out of the joint

91
Q

humerus

A

single bone of the upper arm

92
Q

pectoral

A

pertaining to the chest

93
Q

pectoral girdle

A

incomplete bony ring that attaches the upper limb to the axial skeleton

94
Q

scapula

A

shoulder blade

95
Q

scapular

A

pertaining to the shoulder blade

96
Q

sublaxation

A

incomplete dislocation where some contact between the joint surfaces remain

97
Q

aspiration

A

removal by suction of fluid or gas from body cavity

98
Q

bursa

A

closed sac containing synovial fluid

99
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of a bursa

100
Q

capitulum

A

small head or rounded extremity of a bone

101
Q

olecranon

A

prominent and proximal extremity of ulna

102
Q

pronation

A

process of lying down or turning a hand or foot with the palm or sole surface down

103
Q

prone

A

lying face down, flat on your stomach

104
Q

radius

A

forearm bone on the thumb side

105
Q

supination

A

process of lying face up or of turning a hand or foot so the palm or sole is facing up

106
Q

supine

A

lying face up, flat on the spine

107
Q

trochlea

A

smooth articular surface of bone on which another glides

108
Q

ulna

A

media and larger bone of the forearm

109
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of a joint or multiple joints

110
Q

carpus

A

eight carpal bones of the wrist

111
Q

carpal

A

pertaining to the wrist

112
Q

metacarpal

A

the five bones between the carpus and the fingers

113
Q

colles fracture

A

fracture at distal radius at the wrist

114
Q

aponym

A

procedure/diagnosis with a name derived from the name of the person who discovered it or originated it (e.g. colles fracture, heberden node)

115
Q

heberden node

A

bony lump on the terminal phalanx of the fingers in osteoperosis

116
Q

metacarpophalangeal

A

joints between the metacarpal bones and the phalanges

117
Q

osteoarthritis

A

chronic inflammatory disease of joints

118
Q

phalanx

A

one of the bones of the digits

119
Q

rheumatism

A

pain in various parts of the musculoskeletal system

120
Q

rheumatic

A

pertaining to/categorized by rheumatism

121
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

systemic disease affecting many joints

122
Q

acetabulum

A

cup shaped cavity of the hip bone that recieves the head of the femur to form the hip joint

123
Q

femur

A

the thigh bone

124
Q

femoral

A

pertaining to the femur

125
Q

ilium

A

large wing shaped bone at the upper and posterior part of the pelvis

126
Q

ischia

A

pertaining to the ischium

127
Q

ischium

A

lower and posterior part of the hip bone

128
Q

pelvis

A

basin shaped ring of bones, ligaments and muscles at the base of the spine. Also, any basin shaped cavity like the pelvis of the kidney

129
Q

pubi

A

alternative name for the pubic bone

130
Q

sacroiliac joint

A

joint between the sacrum and iliam

131
Q

symphysis (pl. symphyses)

A

two bones joined by fibrocartilage. in this case, the two pubic bones

132
Q

arthrodesis

A

fixation or stiffening of a joint by surgery

133
Q

brace

A

appliance to support a part of the body in its correct position

134
Q

diastasis

A

seperation of normally joined parts

135
Q

radiology

A

the study of medical imaging

136
Q

radiology

A

medical specialist in the use of xrays and other imaging techniques

137
Q

stable

A

steady, not varying

138
Q

stabilize,

A

to make or hold firm and steady

139
Q

arthrodesis

A

fixation or stiffening of a joint by surgery

140
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgery to repair, as far as possible, without the function of a joint

141
Q

avascular

A

without a blood supply

142
Q

labrum

A

cartilage that forms a rim around the socket of the hip joint

143
Q

necrosis

A

pathologic death of cells or tissue

144
Q

necrotic

A

pertaining to or affected by necrosis

145
Q

prosthesis

A

artificial part to remedy a defect in the body

146
Q

collateral

A

situated at the side, often to bypass an obstruction

147
Q

\cruciate

A

shaped like a cross

148
Q

fibula

A

the smaller of the two bones of the lower legg

149
Q

meniscus

A

disc of cartilage between the bones of a joint

150
Q

patella

A

thin, circular bone in front of the knee joint, embedded in the patellar tendon

151
Q

rupture

A

break or tear of any body part

152
Q

tibia

A

the larger bone of the lwoer legg

153
Q

arthrocentesis

A

aspiration of fluid from a joint

154
Q

arthrography

A

xray of a joint taken after an injection of contrast medium into the joint

155
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of the interior of a joint

156
Q

arthroscope

A

endoscope used to examine the interior of a joint

157
Q

bursa

A

closed sac with synovial fluid

158
Q

debridement

A

the removal of injured or necrotic tissue

159
Q

hyperflexion

A

flexion of a limb or joint beyond the normal limits

160
Q

meniscectomy

A

excision of all or part of the meniscus

161
Q

prepatellar

A

in front of the patella

162
Q

tendinitis

A

inflammation of a tendon

163
Q

bunion

A

swelling at the base of big toe

164
Q

calcaneus

A

bone of the tarsus that forms the heel

165
Q

calcaneal

A

pertaining to the calceneus

166
Q

hallux valgus

A

deviation of the big toe towards the medial side of the foot

167
Q

metatarsus

A

five parallel bones of the foot between the tarsus and the phalanges

168
Q

metatarsal

A

pertaining to the metatarsus

169
Q

podiatry

A

diagnosis and treatment of disorders and injuries of the foot

170
Q

podiatrist

A

practitioner of podiatry

171
Q

Pott fracture

A

fracture of the lower end of the fibula, often with fracture of the tibial malleolus

172
Q

talus

A

the tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia to form the ankle joint

173
Q

tarsus

A

the collection of seven bones in the foot that form the ankle and instep

174
Q

tarsal

A

pertaining to the tarsus

175
Q

amputation

A

process of removing a limb, part of a limb, a breast, or other projecting part

176
Q

biopsy

A

process of removing tissue from a living person to laboratory exam

177
Q

biphosphonate

A

a class of drugs used to prevent and treat fragile bones

178
Q

chemotherapy

A

treatment using chemical agents

179
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of liquid nitrogen or argon gas in surgery to freeze and kill abnormal tissue

180
Q

estrogen

A

generic term for hormones that stimulate female secondary sex characteristics

181
Q

glucose

A

the final product of carb digestion and is the main sugar in the blood

182
Q

incision

A

a cut or surgical wound

183
Q

radiotherapy

A

treatment using radiation

184
Q

acetaminophen

A

medication that modifies or relieves pain

185
Q

calcitonin

A

hormone that moves calcium from blood to bones

186
Q

corticosteroid

A

hormone produced by adrenal cortex

187
Q

inhibit

A

to curb or restrain

188
Q

inhibitor

A

agent that curbs or restrainsintr

189
Q

intra-articular

A

pertaining to the inside of a joint

medical terminology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions