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medical terminology > mt midterm rev. chp5 > Flashcards

mt midterm rev. chp5 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

physiatrist

A

the team leader, is a physician specializing in physical medicine and rehabilitation

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2
Q

medical specialists

A

manage acute or chronic illnesses and pain

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3
Q

occupational therapists

A

practice occupational therapy to help improve a patient’s activities of daily living (ADLs) and adapt to visual and other perceptual defects

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4
Q

occupational therapy assistants

A

assist occupational therapists

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5
Q

physical therapists

A

practice physical therapy to help patients improve their strength, range of motion (ROM), balance and endurance. Physical therapists are assisted by restorative aids and teach pateitns how to use them

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6
Q

physical therapy assistants

A

(PTAs) assist physical therapists

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7
Q

rehabilitation psychologists

A

and counselors are specialists who help patients undergoing rehabilitation and those with resulting disabilities to reclaim their sense of belonging, contributing to, and participating in the world around them

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8
Q

social workers

A

provide support and assistance with social issues, such as health insurance, care facilities, and employment

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9
Q

speech therapists

A

evaluate and treat communication, speech, and swallowing disorders

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10
Q

orthotists

A

make and fit orthopedic appliances (orthotics)

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11
Q

nutritionists

A

evaluate and improve a patient’s nutritional status

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12
Q

active

A

CAUSING action or change

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13
Q

activity

A

THE STATE of being active

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14
Q

contract

A

draw together or shorten

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15
Q

fiber

A

a strand or filament

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16
Q

multidisciplinary

A

involving health care providers from more than one profession

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17
Q

muscle

A

tissue consisting of cells that contract

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18
Q

passive

A

not active

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19
Q

peristalsis

A

waves of alternate constriction and relaxation in a tube

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20
Q

skeletal

A

pertaining to the skeleton

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21
Q

tone

A

tension present in resting muscles

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22
Q

voluntary muscle

A

muscle that is under the control of the will

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23
Q

atrophy

A

the wasting away or diminished volume of tissue.

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24
Q

hypertrophy

A

an organ, or a body part increase in size, but not in number, of an individual tissue element

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25
Q

fascia

A

sheet of fibrous connective tissue

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26
Q

fibromyalgia

A

pain in muscle fibers

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27
Q

sprain

A

wrench or tear in ligament

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28
Q

strain

A

overstretch or tear in a muscle or tendon

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29
Q

tendon

A

fibrous band connecting muscle to bone

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30
Q

tendinitis

A

inflammation of tendon

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31
Q

ambulatory

A

surgery or any other care provided without an overnight stay in a medical facility

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32
Q

insertion

A

the insertion of a muscle is the attachment of a muscle to a more movable part of the skeleton, different from the origin.

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33
Q

origin

A

fixes source of a muscle at its attachment to bone

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34
Q

pectoral

A

pertaining to the chest

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35
Q

pectoral girdle

A

incomplete bony ring that attaches the upper limb to the axial skeletonro

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36
Q

rotator cuff

A

part of the capsule of the shoulder joint

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37
Q

biceps brachii

A

a muscle of the arm that has two heads / points of origin on the scapula

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38
Q

brachialis

A

muscle that lies underneath the biceps and is the strongest flexor of the forearm

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39
Q

cyst

A

abnormal, fluid containing sac

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40
Q

brachiordialis

A

muscle that helps flex the forearm

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41
Q

deltoid

A

large fan shaped muscle connecting the scapula and clavicle to the humerus

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42
Q

dorsum

A

the back of any part of the body, including the hand.d

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43
Q

dorsal

A

pertaining to the back of any part of the body

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44
Q

ventral

A

pertaining to the belly or situated nearer to the surface of the belly

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45
Q

ganglion

A

fluid containing swelling attached to the synovial sheath of a tendon

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46
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

the widest (broadest) muscle in the back

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47
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing of a passage

48
Q

thenar eminence

A

fleshy mass at the thumb’s base

49
Q

hypothenar eminence

A

the fleshy mass at the base of the little thumb

50
Q

triceps brachii

A

muscle of the arm with three heads or points of origin

51
Q

abduction

A

moving away from the midline

52
Q

adductor

A

muscle that moves the thigh toward the midline

53
Q

adduction

A

the action of moving towards the midline

54
Q

calcaneus

A

the heel bone

55
Q

calcaneal tendon (same as achilles tendon)

A

the tendon of the heel, formed from gastrocnemius and the soleus muscle inserted into the calcaneus

56
Q

gastrocnemius

A

major muscle in lower part of the leg (calf)

57
Q

gluteus

A

refers to one of the three muscles in the butt

58
Q

gluteal

A

pertaining to the butt

59
Q

maximus

A

the gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the body

60
Q

medius

A

the gluteus medius is partly covered by the gluteus maximus

61
Q

minimus

A

the gluteus minimus muscle is partly covered by the gluteus maximus

62
Q

popliteal fossa

A

the hollow at the back of the knee

63
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

anterior thigh muscle with four heads (origins)

64
Q

assistive device

A

tool, software or hardware to assist in performing daily activities

65
Q

occupational therapy

A

use of work and recreational activities to increase independent function

66
Q

orthotic

A

orthopedic appliance to correct an abnormality

67
Q

orthotist

A

specialist who makes and fits orthopedic appliances

68
Q

physiatry

A

physical medicine

69
Q

physiatrist

A

specialist in physical medicine

70
Q

physical medicine

A

diagnosis and treatment by means of remedial agents, like exercises, manipulation, heat, etc.

71
Q

physical therapy (aka physiotherapy

A

use of remedial processes to overcome a physical defecr

72
Q

physiotherapy

A

another word for physical therapy

73
Q

rehabilitation

A

therapeutic restoration of an ability to function as before

74
Q

therapy

A

systematic treatment of a disease, disorder, dysfunction

75
Q

therapist

A

prefessional trained in the practice of particular therapy

76
Q

activities of daily living

A

the routine activities of personal care. like bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, transferring, adn eating

77
Q

instrumental activities of daily living

A

relate to independent living like managing money, using phone, cooking, driving, shopping, housework

78
Q

ADL

A

activity of daily living

79
Q

BKA

A

below the knee amputation

80
Q

COTA

A

certified occupational therapist assistant

81
Q

IADLS

A

instrumental activities of daily living

82
Q

PVD

A

peripheral vascular disease

83
Q

amputation

A

removal of a limb, part of a limb, or other projecting body part

84
Q

contracture

A

muscle shortening due to spasm of fibrosis

85
Q

prevention

A

process to prevent occurrence of disease or health problem

86
Q

prosthesis

A

artificial part to remedy a defect in the body

87
Q

restorative rehabilitation

A

therapy that promotes renewal of health and strenght

88
Q

antibody

A

protein produced in response to an antigen

89
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a tissue from a living person for laboratory examination

90
Q

electromyography

A

recording of electrical activity in a muscle

91
Q

enzyme

A

protein that induces change in other substances

92
Q

inflammation

A

basic complex of reactions in blood vessels and adjacent tissues in response to injury or abnormal stimulation

93
Q

ultrasonography

A

delineation of deep strcturees using sound waves

94
Q

antimetabolite

A

a substance that replaces or inhibits a specific part of a cells normal metabolism

95
Q

corticosteroid

A

a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex

96
Q

immunosuppressive

A

substance that causes failure of the immune system

97
Q

anabolic sterois

A

perscription drug used by some athletes to increase muscle mass

98
Q

analgesia

A

state in which pain is reduced

99
Q

analgesic

A

agent that produces analgesia

100
Q

antimetabolite

A

a substance that replaces or inhibits a specific part of a cell’s normal metabolism

101
Q

antipyretic

A

agent that reduces fever

102
Q

contracture

A

muscle shortening due to spasm or fibrosis

103
Q

corticosteroid

A

a hormone produced by adrenal cortex

104
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

A

a condition with symmetrical weakness and wasting of pelvic, shoulder, and proximal limb muscle

105
Q

immunosuppressive

A

substance causing failure of immune system

106
Q

ingredient

A

element in a mixture

107
Q

metabolism

A

constantly changing physical and chemical processes in the cell

108
Q

metabolite

A

any product of metabolism

109
Q

myoglobin

A

protein of muscle that stores and transports oxygen

110
Q

myopathy

A

any disease of muscle

111
Q

myositis

A

inflammation of muscle tissue

112
Q

rhabdomyolysis

A

destruction of muscle to produce myoglobin

113
Q

statin

A

a class of drug used to lower blood cholesterol levels

114
Q

tenosynovitis

A

inflammation of tendon and its surrounding synovial sheath

115
Q

thymectomy

A

surgical removal of the thymus gland

116
Q
A

medical terminology (7 decks)

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