Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

UA > mt > Flashcards

mt Flashcards

1
Q

the glomerular filtration barrier is composed of

A

capillary endothelium, podocytes, and basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the glucose renal threshold is 160-180- mg/dl. this represents the:

A

maximum range of glucose reabsorption in the renal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

aldosterone is involved in _____ reabsorption and is released by the ____ of the adrenal cortex

A

sodium/ zona glomerulosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the order of cast degradations

A

cellular, granular, wazy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

green brown urine would be expected to co-exist with physical exam finding

A

murphy’s sign (gall bladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

presence of bilirubin in the urine?

A

liver or gall bladder (binary) disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

direct bilirubin is considered conjugated or water soluble

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

bilirubin comes from ?

A

breakdown of hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

condition that causes increased urobilinogen?

A

hemolytic anemie, liver disease, hemolysis, intestinal obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

numbness, tingling in both legs, fat, UTI’s, constant thirst,

based on urinalysis, whats the diagnosis?

A

diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

numbness, tingling in both legs, fat, UTI’s, constant thirst.

where is the problem?

A

down regulation of receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what accounts for ketones in urine?

A

incomplete fat metabolism to make acetyl CoA for TCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

back pain, fatigue, frequent urination, what would a positive Beta HCG

A
  • she has primary amenorrhea,
  • these findings are consistent with the cause of the elevation of HCG,
  • there is no clinical intervention needed at this time.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Renin is released by the ____ cells of the kidney in response to volume ______

A

juxtaglomerular/depletion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which of the following is necessary for the formation of crystals that lead to this condition?

upper lumbar lower dorsal pain, goes around flank to groin, needs to drink more water, eats lots of meat and fast food, smokes 1-1.5 packs a day, BMI 33

A
  • Specific gravity above 1.030

- low PH (below 7)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where does ADH work in the kidney?

A

the cortical collecting tubule and the collecting duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where in the urinary tract is marco’s problem

neck pain,bloody urine, sore throat.

A

in the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is marcos problem

neck pain,bloody urine, sore throat.

A

Glomerulonephritis (RBCs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

problem with too many abc’s?

A

pyelonephritis, leukocytouria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

if marco’s specific gravity is fixed at current level, what does that indicate?

A

that he is dehydrated

21
Q

what is her problem?

WBC, Pos nitrite (bacteria), RBC, flank/back pain, painful urination, fever

A

pyelonephritis (WBC’s give it away)

22
Q

what organism is the most likely bacteria in this specimen?

WBC, Pos nitrite (bacteria), RBC, flank/back pain, painful urination, fever

A

E. Coli

23
Q

where in the urinary system is the problem?

WBC, Pos nitrite (bacteria), RBC, flank/back pain, painful urination, fever

A

in the ureters

24
Q

at what ph would you expect to find e-coli in the urine specimen?

A

7.24 (basic)

25
Q

what is diagnosis?

headaches short of breath, generalized edema and ascites, protein +3, ph 5.5, cholesterol crystals, fatty waxy casts

A

nephrotic syndrome

protein and fatty cast are dead give aways

26
Q

which is possible precursor to condition?

headaches short of breath, generalized edema and ascites, protein +3, ph 5.5, cholesterol crystals, fatty waxy casts

A

glomerulonephritis

27
Q

problem in an individual usually an infant, where they cannot metabolize branch chain amino acids is called?

A

maple syrup urine disease

28
Q

what is the cause of the problem?`

lbp, h shaped vertebrae (renoylds sign), chest pain upon exertion, joint pain, african decent, amber/ orange urine,elevated urobilinogen

A

genetic

29
Q

what is the cause of increased urobilinogen?

A

increased RBC destruction

30
Q

what findings on physical exam are likely to be present on this patient during percussion of the abdomen?

A

splenomegaly

hepatomegaly

31
Q

what is the origin of the problem?

neck pain, headache,, bitemporal hemianopsia, urinates up to 20 times a day, PH 5.5, color= straw, specific gravity =1.002

A

in the cortical collecting tubules

ADH

32
Q

what is the problem?

neck pain, headache,, bitemporal hemianopsia, urinates up to 20 times a day, PH 5.5, color= straw, specific gravity =1.002

A

diabetes insidious

cushings involves Glucose in urine and polyuria

33
Q

what history and lab values lead to this diagnosis?

neck pain, headache,, bitemporal hemianopsia, urinates up to 20 times a day, PH 5.5, color= straw, specific gravity =1.002

A

low specific gravity and glucose

34
Q

what is the diagnosis?

pelvic pain, prostitutes, red itchy painful bumps around groin, comes during high stress, ph = 6, RBC is high, high WBC, heavy bacteria, amorphous crystals

A

lower UTI concomitant with a virus

35
Q

to what may we attribute their problem?

pelvic pain, prostitutes, red itchy painful bumps around groin, comes during high stress, ph = 6, RBC is high, high WBC, heavy bacteria, amorphous crystals

A

venereal disease (STD)/ unprotected sex/ poor choices

36
Q

with all the symptoms what would you suspect the causative agent is and what explains the periods of exacerbation and remission?

pelvic pain, prostitutes, red itchy painful bumps around groin, comes during high stress, ph = 6, RBC is high, high WBC, heavy bacteria, amorphous crystals

A

herpes/viral/dorsal root ganglion

37
Q

which of the following is the most common cause of metabolic alkalosis?

A

vomiting (loss of H+)

38
Q

if a patient has RBC casts, mild to moderate proteinuria, and NO pittng edema you suspect?

A

nephritic

39
Q

if patient has fatty casts and 3.5 or mor grams of protein and pitting edema you would suspect?

A

nephrotic syndrome

40
Q

where is ADH made?

A

Hypothalamus

41
Q

which value would be low in a patient with gout?

A

triple phosphate

42
Q

which of the following would make you suspect GMN in a urine sample?

A

protein

43
Q

what is the most immediate threat to the uncontrolled DM patient?

A

GMN

44
Q

ketones in the urine specimen in the absence of glucose tend to be indicative of which of the following?

lbp for a week, losing weight over the last 2 months, specific gravity=1.017, PH=6.5,elevated ketones

A

starvation or fasting

45
Q

since the patient is not dieting which of the following must be consideration in the differential diagnosis?

lbp for a week, losing weight over the last 2 months, specific gravity=1.017, PH=6.5,elevated ketones

A

cancer

46
Q

which of the following could explain the patients lab findings if it were included in the history?

A

patient is on the adkins diet

47
Q

which condition present with the inability to metabolize branched chain amino acids?

A

maple syrup urine disease

48
Q

elevated HCG levels in the 24 hour urine specimen may indicate which of the following?>

A

pregnancy

UA (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions