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NLE REVIEWER > [MSN] - Integumentary System > Flashcards

[MSN] - Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

During skin biopsy post-procedure, we should instruct the client to keep dressing in place for at least how many hours?

A

At least 8 hours

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1
Q

During skin biopsy post-procedure, when will suture be removed after surgery?

A

7-10 days

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2
Q

When doing wound culture, how many set of gloves are used?

A

Three (3)

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3
Q

What examination is this when you darken the room prior to examination. The skin is viewed under UVL through a special glass (Wood’s glass) to identify superficial infection of the skin.

And

What is the post-procedure to be implemented to the patient?

A

Wood’s light examination

And

Assist client during adjustment from the darkened room.

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4
Q

What examination is this when it involves administration of allergen to the skin surface or into the dermis.

A

Skin testing

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5
Q

During skin testing, what meds should be discontinued for 48 hours before the test? And why?

A

Systemic corticosteroids or antihistamine therapy. They inhibit allergic response and will make results inaccurate.

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6
Q

What should be available if scratch test is done - it may induce anaphylactic reaction?

A

Resuscitation equipment

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7
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should instruct the client to keep skin testing patch area (dry or wet) if the a patch test was performed?

A

Dry

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8
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should instruct the client to avoid what activities?

A

Activities that may produce sweat

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9
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should record (blank), (blank), and (blank) of the test.

A

Site, date, and time.

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10
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should instruct the client to record the date and the time for follow-up site reading. Initial reading is after _______ days. Final reading is _______ days later.

A

Initial reading is after 2 days. Final reading is 2-5 days later.

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11
Q

2 Causes of skin cancer?

A
  1. Overexposure to sunlight (UV rays) between 11am to 3pm
  2. Chronic irritation or friction to skin area.
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12
Q

3 Types of skin cancer?

A
  1. Basal cell carcinoma
  2. Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. Malignant melanoma
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13
Q

3 Clinical manifestations of skin cancer?

A
  1. Pruritus
  2. Local soreness
  3. Change in color, size, or shape of preexisting lesion.
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14
Q

5 Clinical manifestation of Contact dermatitis (CD)?

A

PEESV
1. Pruritus
2. Erythema
3. Edema
4. Signs of infection
5. Vesicles with drainage

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15
Q

When patient has Contact dermatitis, we should apply (cool or warm), (wet or dry) dressings and tepid sponge bath as prescribed.

A

Cool, wet dressings and tepid sponge bath as prescribed.

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16
Q

When patient has Contact dermatitis, we should maintain (cool or warm) environment.

A

Cool environment.

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17
Q

2 Clinical manifestations of Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac?

A

PS
1. Papulovesicular lesions
2. Severe itching

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18
Q

What solution should be applied to cool, wet dressing as prescribed to a patient with Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, and Poison Sumac?

A

Burrow’s solution

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19
Q

Acute, superficial, rapidly spreading inflammation of the dermis and lymphatics caused by GAHBS, which enters the tissue via an abrasion, bite, trauma, or wound?

A

Erysipelas

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20
Q

A skin infection into the deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat and the causative agent is streptococcus pyrogenes.

A

Cellulitis

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21
Q

4 Clinical manifestations of Erysipelas and Cellulitis?

A

PIRS
1. Pain
2. Itching
3. Redness and warmth
4. Swelling

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22
Q

Implementation for patient with Erysipelas and Cellulitis, after promoting rest, apply (cold or warm) compresses 2 times per day for what purpose?

A

Warm compresses to promote circulation and to decrease discomfort, erythema, and edema.

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23
Q

Is a chronic, noninfectious skin inflammation involving keratin synthesis that results in psoriatic lesions.

A

Psoriasis

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24
4 Causes of Psoriasis?
TICS 1. Trauma 2. Infection 3. Changes in climate 4. Stress
25
5 Clinical manifestations of Psoriasis
1. Pruritus 2. Shedding silvery, white scales on a raised, reddened, round plaque. 3. Yellow discoloration, pitting and thickening of nails. 4. Joint inflammation with psoriatic arthritis. 5. Koebner's phenomenon.
26
In Psoriasis, the shedding of silvery, white scales on a raised, reddened, round plaque are usually found in what areas?
Scalp, elbows, extensor surfaces of arms and legs, sacral regions, and knees.
27
It is the development of psoriatic lesions at a site of injury.
Koebner's phenomenon.
28
In the case of Psoriatic patient, if not bathing, what nursing intervention should be done to remove the scales?
Daily soaks and tepid, wet compresses.
29
In the case of Psoriatic patient, if bathing, what should be added in the bath water?
Oils or Coal tar (Balnetar)
30
In the case of Psoriatic patient, after bathing, what should be applied to further soften thick scales? And in what motion are you going to remove the scales?
Emollient creams or Salicylic acid. Using a soft washcloth, remove scale in a gentle circular motion.
31
Topical pharmacological therapy for patient with Psoriasis?
TACS 1. Tar preparation 2. Anthralin 3. Corticosteroids 4. Salicylic acid
32
Intralesional therapy for patient with Psoriasis?
Triamcinolone acetonide KAT (Kenolog-10, Aristocort, Trymex) - injected into highly visible or isolated patches of psoriasis.
33
Systemic therapy for patient with Psoriasis?
Metho-Hydro-Cyclo 1. Methotrexate 2. Hyroxyurea 3. Cyclosporin
34
Photochemotherapy to decrease cellular proliferation in patient with psoriasis?
(PUVA) light therapy Psoralens and Ultraviolet-A light therapy
35
This skin cancer develops due to failure of immune system. This is common among clients with AIDS.
Kaposi Sarcoma
36
Definitive diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma is through _______ of skin (cutaneous) lesions.
Punch biopsy
37
2 Clinical manifestations of Kaposi sarcoma?
1. Slow-growing tumors that are raised, oblong, purplish, reddish-brown lesions. May be tender and nontender. 2. Organ involvement: lymph nodes, airways or lungs, or any part of GI tract.
38
Nursing intervention in patient with Kaposi sarcoma? 1. Maintain _______ precaution. 2. _______ if immune system is depressed. 3. Radiation or chemotherapy as prescribed.
1. Standard precaution. 2. Protective isolation.
39
An acute viral infection of the dorsal nerve root ganglion caused by the varicella - zoster virus.
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
40
Definitive diagnosis of Herpes Zoster is through _______.
Viral culture of lesion.
41
5 Clinical manifestations of Herpes Zoster?
1. Unilaterally clustered skin vesicles. 2. Fever 3. Burning and neuralgia 4. Pruritus 5. Paresthesia
42
In Herpes Zoster, the unilaterally clustered skin vesicles along peripheral sensory nerves are found on what areas?
Trunk, thorax, or face.
43
What to do first to the client after discovering that he has Herpes Zoster?
Isolate the client. Exudates from the lesions contain the virus.
44
Patient with Herpes Zoster should be assessed for 3 things?
1. Neurovascular status 2. Seventh Cranial Nerve 3. Signs and symptoms of infection
45
In patient with Herpes Zoster, assist physician with a nerve block using _______, if prescribed.
Lidocaine.
46
In patient with Herpes Zoster, administer (5 things), as prescribed.
4AC 1. Antiviral agents 2. Analgesics 3. Antianxiety agents 4. Antipruritic 5. Corticosteroids
47
In patient with Herpes Zoster, use an air mattress and a bed cradle on the client's bed, and keep environment (cool or warm)?
Cool environment because warmth and touch aggravate pain.
48
Damage to tissues and blood vessels as a result of prolonged exposure to cold.
Frostbite
49
Frostbite/s is/are usually seen or affected what part of human body?
1. Fingers 2. Toes 3. Nose 4. Ears
50
5 Clinical manifestation of frostbite?
1. Numbness 2. Paresthesia 3. Pallor 4. Severe pain, swelling, erythema and blistering - occur once the patient is in a warm environment. 5. Necrosis and gangrene may develop in severe cases
51
What to do to the patient with frostbite?
Rewarm the affected part rapidly and continuously with a warm water bath 90º- 107ºF (32.2º-41.7ºC) for 15-20 mins or until flushing occurs.
52
3 Implementations that should be avoided if the patient has frostbite? and Why?
Avoid SIM! 1. Slow thawing 2. Interrupted periods of warmth 3. Massage Reason: to avoid further tissue damage.
53
4 Clinical manifestation of Acne Vulgaris?
1. Comedones (white and black heads) 2. Pustules and {Papules 3. Nodules 4. Deep scarring
54
Aside from administration of topical or oral antibiotics in patient with Acne Vulgaris, administration of this medication is needed to prevent sebum production.
Isotretinoin (Accutane)
55
What are the adverse effects of Isotretinoin for patient with Acne Vulgaris? 4
SEEC! 1. Skin dryness 2. Elevated triglycerides 3. Eye discomfort 4. Cheilitis
55
The patient taking Isotretinoin for patient with Acne Vulgaris should avoid what?
Avoid sun exposure because it may cause photosensitivity.
56
In patient with Acne Vulgaris, instruct to stop taking what Vitamin supplement with Isotretinoin since it increases the risk of teratogenic effects of retinoic derivatives.
Vitamin A
57
In patient with Acne Vulgaris, inform that improvement may not be apparent for how many weeks?
4-6 weeks
58
The client who has allergy to what foods are at risk to develop latex allergy.
A2 BCKS P4 Avocado Apricot Banana Chestnuts Kiwi Strawberry Passion fruit Peaches Pineapple Potato
59
If patient has latex allergy, use _______, _______, or _______. (latex-free products)
Cotton pads, plastic, or tape.
60
Is an autoimmune disorder that causes fibrotic changes in connective tissues throughout the body - skin, blood vessels, synovial membrane, esophagus, heart, lungs, kidneys, and GI tract.
Scleroderma
61
5 Clinical manifestations of Scleroderma?
CREST SYNDROME C-calcium deposits in organs R-raynaud's phenomenon E-esophageal dysfunction S-sclerodactyly (thickening of the skin) T-telangiectasia (dilatation of capillaries)
62
The mainstay management for Scleroderma?
Steroids
63
Anthrax is caused by what?
Bacillus anthracis
64
3 Medications for Anthrax?
CiDoPe 1. Cipropfloxacin 2. Doxycycline 3. Penicillin
65
Anthrax Transmission (3)
1. Digestive system thru contact 2. Skin thru abrasions 3. Lungs thru inhalation

NLE REVIEWER (21 decks)

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