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NLE REVIEWER > [MSN] - Integumentary System > Flashcards

[MSN] - Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

During skin biopsy post-procedure, we should instruct the client to keep dressing in place for at least how many hours?

A

At least 8 hours

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1
Q

During skin biopsy post-procedure, when will suture be removed after surgery?

A

7-10 days

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2
Q

When doing wound culture, how many set of gloves are used?

A

Three (3)

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3
Q

What examination is this when you darken the room prior to examination. The skin is viewed under UVL through a special glass (Wood’s glass) to identify superficial infection of the skin.

And

What is the post-procedure to be implemented to the patient?

A

Wood’s light examination

And

Assist client during adjustment from the darkened room.

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4
Q

What examination is this when it involves administration of allergen to the skin surface or into the dermis.

A

Skin testing

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5
Q

During skin testing, what meds should be discontinued for 48 hours before the test? And why?

A

Systemic corticosteroids or antihistamine therapy. They inhibit allergic response and will make results inaccurate.

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6
Q

What should be available if scratch test is done - it may induce anaphylactic reaction?

A

Resuscitation equipment

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7
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should instruct the client to keep skin testing patch area (dry or wet) if the a patch test was performed?

A

Dry

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8
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should instruct the client to avoid what activities?

A

Activities that may produce sweat

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9
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should record (blank), (blank), and (blank) of the test.

A

Site, date, and time.

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10
Q

During the post-procedure of skin testing, we should instruct the client to record the date and the time for follow-up site reading. Initial reading is after _______ days. Final reading is _______ days later.

A

Initial reading is after 2 days. Final reading is 2-5 days later.

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11
Q

2 Causes of skin cancer?

A
  1. Overexposure to sunlight (UV rays) between 11am to 3pm
  2. Chronic irritation or friction to skin area.
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12
Q

3 Types of skin cancer?

A
  1. Basal cell carcinoma
  2. Squamous cell carcinoma
  3. Malignant melanoma
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13
Q

3 Clinical manifestations of skin cancer?

A
  1. Pruritus
  2. Local soreness
  3. Change in color, size, or shape of preexisting lesion.
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14
Q

5 Clinical manifestation of Contact dermatitis (CD)?

A

PEESV
1. Pruritus
2. Erythema
3. Edema
4. Signs of infection
5. Vesicles with drainage

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15
Q

When patient has Contact dermatitis, we should apply (cool or warm), (wet or dry) dressings and tepid sponge bath as prescribed.

A

Cool, wet dressings and tepid sponge bath as prescribed.

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16
Q

When patient has Contact dermatitis, we should maintain (cool or warm) environment.

A

Cool environment.

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17
Q

2 Clinical manifestations of Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac?

A

PS
1. Papulovesicular lesions
2. Severe itching

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18
Q

What solution should be applied to cool, wet dressing as prescribed to a patient with Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, and Poison Sumac?

A

Burrow’s solution

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19
Q

Acute, superficial, rapidly spreading inflammation of the dermis and lymphatics caused by GAHBS, which enters the tissue via an abrasion, bite, trauma, or wound?

A

Erysipelas

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20
Q

A skin infection into the deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat and the causative agent is streptococcus pyrogenes.

A

Cellulitis

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21
Q

4 Clinical manifestations of Erysipelas and Cellulitis?

A

PIRS
1. Pain
2. Itching
3. Redness and warmth
4. Swelling

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22
Q

Implementation for patient with Erysipelas and Cellulitis, after promoting rest, apply (cold or warm) compresses 2 times per day for what purpose?

A

Warm compresses to promote circulation and to decrease discomfort, erythema, and edema.

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23
Q

Is a chronic, noninfectious skin inflammation involving keratin synthesis that results in psoriatic lesions.

A

Psoriasis

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24
Q

4 Causes of Psoriasis?

A

TICS
1. Trauma
2. Infection
3. Changes in climate
4. Stress

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25
Q

5 Clinical manifestations of Psoriasis

A
  1. Pruritus
  2. Shedding silvery, white scales on a raised, reddened, round plaque.
  3. Yellow discoloration, pitting and thickening of nails.
  4. Joint inflammation with psoriatic arthritis.
  5. Koebner’s phenomenon.
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26
Q

In Psoriasis, the shedding of silvery, white scales on a raised, reddened, round plaque are usually found in what areas?

A

Scalp, elbows, extensor surfaces of arms and legs, sacral regions, and knees.

27
Q

It is the development of psoriatic lesions at a site of injury.

A

Koebner’s phenomenon.

28
Q

In the case of Psoriatic patient, if not bathing, what nursing intervention should be done to remove the scales?

A

Daily soaks and tepid, wet compresses.

29
Q

In the case of Psoriatic patient, if bathing, what should be added in the bath water?

A

Oils or Coal tar (Balnetar)

30
Q

In the case of Psoriatic patient, after bathing, what should be applied to further soften thick scales? And in what motion are you going to remove the scales?

A

Emollient creams or Salicylic acid.
Using a soft washcloth, remove scale in a gentle circular motion.

31
Q

Topical pharmacological therapy for patient with Psoriasis?

A

TACS
1. Tar preparation
2. Anthralin
3. Corticosteroids
4. Salicylic acid

32
Q

Intralesional therapy for patient with Psoriasis?

A

Triamcinolone acetonide KAT (Kenolog-10, Aristocort, Trymex)
- injected into highly visible or isolated patches of psoriasis.

33
Q

Systemic therapy for patient with Psoriasis?

A

Metho-Hydro-Cyclo
1. Methotrexate
2. Hyroxyurea
3. Cyclosporin

34
Q

Photochemotherapy to decrease cellular proliferation in patient with psoriasis?

A

(PUVA) light therapy
Psoralens and Ultraviolet-A light therapy

35
Q

This skin cancer develops due to failure of immune system. This is common among clients with AIDS.

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

36
Q

Definitive diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma is through _______ of skin (cutaneous) lesions.

A

Punch biopsy

37
Q

2 Clinical manifestations of Kaposi sarcoma?

A
  1. Slow-growing tumors that are raised, oblong, purplish, reddish-brown lesions. May be tender and nontender.
  2. Organ involvement: lymph nodes, airways or lungs, or any part of GI tract.
38
Q

Nursing intervention in patient with Kaposi sarcoma?
1. Maintain _______ precaution.
2. _______ if immune system is depressed.
3. Radiation or chemotherapy as prescribed.

A
  1. Standard precaution.
  2. Protective isolation.
39
Q

An acute viral infection of the dorsal nerve root ganglion caused by the varicella - zoster virus.

A

Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

40
Q

Definitive diagnosis of Herpes Zoster is through _______.

A

Viral culture of lesion.

41
Q

5 Clinical manifestations of Herpes Zoster?

A
  1. Unilaterally clustered skin vesicles.
  2. Fever
  3. Burning and neuralgia
  4. Pruritus
  5. Paresthesia
42
Q

In Herpes Zoster, the unilaterally clustered skin vesicles along peripheral sensory nerves are found on what areas?

A

Trunk, thorax, or face.

43
Q

What to do first to the client after discovering that he has Herpes Zoster?

A

Isolate the client. Exudates from the lesions contain the virus.

44
Q

Patient with Herpes Zoster should be assessed for 3 things?

A
  1. Neurovascular status
  2. Seventh Cranial Nerve
  3. Signs and symptoms of infection
45
Q

In patient with Herpes Zoster, assist physician with a nerve block using _______, if prescribed.

A

Lidocaine.

46
Q

In patient with Herpes Zoster, administer (5 things), as prescribed.

A

4AC
1. Antiviral agents
2. Analgesics
3. Antianxiety agents
4. Antipruritic
5. Corticosteroids

47
Q

In patient with Herpes Zoster, use an air mattress and a bed cradle on the client’s bed, and keep environment (cool or warm)?

A

Cool environment because warmth and touch aggravate pain.

48
Q

Damage to tissues and blood vessels as a result of prolonged exposure to cold.

A

Frostbite

49
Q

Frostbite/s is/are usually seen or affected what part of human body?

A
  1. Fingers
  2. Toes
  3. Nose
  4. Ears
50
Q

5 Clinical manifestation of frostbite?

A
  1. Numbness
  2. Paresthesia
  3. Pallor
  4. Severe pain, swelling, erythema and blistering - occur once the patient is in a warm environment.
  5. Necrosis and gangrene may develop in severe cases
51
Q

What to do to the patient with frostbite?

A

Rewarm the affected part rapidly and continuously with a warm water bath 90º- 107ºF (32.2º-41.7ºC) for 15-20 mins or until flushing occurs.

52
Q

3 Implementations that should be avoided if the patient has frostbite? and Why?

A

Avoid SIM!
1. Slow thawing
2. Interrupted periods of warmth
3. Massage
Reason: to avoid further tissue damage.

53
Q

4 Clinical manifestation of Acne Vulgaris?

A
  1. Comedones (white and black heads)
  2. Pustules and {Papules
  3. Nodules
  4. Deep scarring
54
Q

Aside from administration of topical or oral antibiotics in patient with Acne Vulgaris, administration of this medication is needed to prevent sebum production.

A

Isotretinoin (Accutane)

55
Q

What are the adverse effects of Isotretinoin for patient with Acne Vulgaris? 4

A

SEEC!
1. Skin dryness
2. Elevated triglycerides
3. Eye discomfort
4. Cheilitis

55
Q

The patient taking Isotretinoin for patient with Acne Vulgaris should avoid what?

A

Avoid sun exposure because it may cause photosensitivity.

56
Q

In patient with Acne Vulgaris, instruct to stop taking what Vitamin supplement with Isotretinoin since it increases the risk of teratogenic effects of retinoic derivatives.

A

Vitamin A

57
Q

In patient with Acne Vulgaris, inform that improvement may not be apparent for how many weeks?

A

4-6 weeks

58
Q

The client who has allergy to what foods are at risk to develop latex allergy.

A

A2 BCKS P4
Avocado
Apricot
Banana
Chestnuts
Kiwi
Strawberry
Passion fruit
Peaches
Pineapple
Potato

59
Q

If patient has latex allergy, use _______, _______, or _______. (latex-free products)

A

Cotton pads, plastic, or tape.

60
Q

Is an autoimmune disorder that causes fibrotic changes in connective tissues throughout the body - skin, blood vessels, synovial membrane, esophagus, heart, lungs, kidneys, and GI tract.

A

Scleroderma

61
Q

5 Clinical manifestations of Scleroderma?

A

CREST SYNDROME
C-calcium deposits in organs
R-raynaud’s phenomenon
E-esophageal dysfunction
S-sclerodactyly (thickening of the skin)
T-telangiectasia (dilatation of capillaries)

62
Q

The mainstay management for Scleroderma?

A

Steroids

63
Q

Anthrax is caused by what?

A

Bacillus anthracis

64
Q

3 Medications for Anthrax?

A

CiDoPe
1. Cipropfloxacin
2. Doxycycline
3. Penicillin

65
Q

Anthrax Transmission (3)

A
  1. Digestive system thru contact
  2. Skin thru abrasions
  3. Lungs thru inhalation

NLE REVIEWER (20 decks)

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