MSM

Question 1

Define Memory

Answer 1

The process of storing and retrieving information.

Question 2

What does the MSM state our three types of memory are?

Answer 2

• Sensory Memory
• Short Term Memory
• Long Term Memory

Question 3

Define Short Term Memory

Answer 3

Memory for immediate events. These memories disappear unless rehearsed

Question 4

Define Long Term Memory

Answer 4

Memory for events that range from 2 minutes to 100 years

Question 5

Define Capacity

Answer 5

The measure of how much information can be held in the memory

Question 6

Who created the MSM?

Answer 6

Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)

Question 7

What is the first step in the MSM?

Answer 7

Environmental stimuli

Question 8

What is the first type of memory in the MSM?

Answer 8

Sensory Memory (Memory from the senses is stored here for a fraction of a second)

Question 9

What links the SM and the STM?

Answer 9

Attention

Question 10

What happens in the STM?

Answer 10

Information selected for transfer arrives

Question 11

How is information kept in the STM?

Answer 11

Maintenance rehearsal

Question 12

How does information get stored in the LTM from the STM?

Answer 12

Elaborative rehearsal

Question 13

How is information from the LTM transferred back to the STM?

Answer 13

Retrieval

Question 14

Define coding

Answer 14

The way in which information is changed so that it can be stored in the memory

Question 15

Name the three ways in which information is stored in the brain according to MSM

Answer 15

• Visual (picture)
• Acoustic (sound)
• Semantic (meaning)

Question 16

According to MSM, what type of system is the memory?

Answer 16

Unitary (single system)

Question 17

What is the SM’s encoding, capacity and duration?

Answer 17

Encoding - Via all the senses

Capacity - Up to 10 items

Duration - Up to half a second

Question 18

What is the STM’s encoding, capacity and duration?

Answer 18

Encoding - Acoustically

Capacity - 7+/-2

Duration - Less than 30 seconds

Question 19

What is the LTM’s encoding, capacity and duration?

Answer 19

Encoding - Semantic

Capacity - Unlimited

Duration - Infinite

Question 20

Define elaborative rehearsal

Answer 20

Learning the meaning of something as opposed to just the term

Question 21

Give supporting evidence of MSM

Answer 21

Supported by H.M. as he could not rehearse information in his STM therefore couldn’t create new LTM

Baddeley- Participants didn’t rehearse words so lost memory of them

Question 22

Give conflicting evidence of MSM

Answer 22

• Doesn’t explore the different types of STM & LTM

- K.F. could add information to his LTM despite the damage to his STM

Question 23

What are the other theories of memory?

Answer 23

• WMM
• Episodic and Semantic Memory
• Reconstructive Memory

Question 24

Is MSM useful?

Answer 24

-Allowed more accurate and detailed models to be made
-Can aid in revision
However
-Not useful in explaining brain damage

Question 25

Is MSM testable?

Answer 25

Yes because people can perform

• Rehearsal tests
• Recall tests