MSK Workbooks Upper Limb Flashcards
The Anterior Muscles of Forearm have what action on wrist and digits
Flexors
Anterior Muscles of Forearm facilitate what movement of forearm at radio-ulnar joint
Pronation
What muscle is the common flexor origin for superficial and intermediate flexors
Medial Epicondyle
Anterior wall of axilla is formed by which two muscles
Pec Major and Pec Minor
The posterior wall of axilla is formed by
Scapularis, Teres Major and Lat Dorsi
Medial wall of axilla formed by
Thoracic Wall and Serratus Ant
Lateral Wall of Axilla formed by
Intertubercular Groove of Humerus
The axillary artery is continuation of which artery
subclavicular artery
At what anatomical point does axillary artery begin
lateral border 1st rib
the axillary artery continues beyond the axilla as which vessel
brachial artery
at what anatomical point does the name of brachial artery change
inf border teres major
Brachial nerve plexus is formed by ventral rami of
C5-T1
which nerve roots form upper trunk of brachial plexus
C8 and T1
Which root forms middle trunk of brachial plexus
C7
Which artery and vein are trunks of brachial plexus closely related to
Axillary Artery and Vein
The cords of brachial plexus are named for position in relation to which structure
Axillary Artery
Injury to upper trunk causes what type of palsy
Erb
Waiter’s Tip is associated with what type of palsy
Erb
What does Erb’s palsy look like
medial rotation of arm with wrist flexion caused by hyper extension injury
Which group of muscles affected by Erb Palsy
C5-6
Injury to lower trunk causes what palsy
Klumpke
Klumpke’s palsy affects what
intrinsic muscles of hand, flexors of wrist and flexors of fingers
Klumpke’s palsy are most commonly caused by
shoulder dystocia at birth or trauma
5 Major Branches of Brachial Plexus
- Axillary Nerve from Pos Cord
- Radial Nerve from Pos Cord
- Musculotaneous Nerve from Lat Cord
- Ulnar Nerve from Medial Cord
- Median Nerve from Lat and Medial Cord
Which brachial plexus nerve comes from lateral and medial cord
Median Nerve
What venous arch is found at distal upper arm
Dorsal Venous Arch
Where do superficial veins of upper limb lie
Subcutaneous Tissue
The median cubital vein shunts blood form where to where
Cephalic to Basilic Vein
Where is the median cubital vein found
Ante Cubital Fossa
Most common site for venipuncture
Ante Cubital Fossa - Median Cubital Vein
The cephalic vein ascends arm where
Lateral aspect
The cephalic vein drains into
Axillary vein
The basiilic vein ascends arm where
medial arm
The basilic vein becomes which vein at lower border of teres minor
axillary vein
Where does basilica vein become axillary vein
Lower Border of Teres Minor
Following an injury to a spinal root a sensory loss (paraesthesia) will be mapped on skin according to
that dermatome
All lymphatic vessels from upper vein drain into
Axillary Nodes
Infection of little finger spreads to what lymph
Axillary
Boil in Scapula spreads to what lymph
Axillary
Medial part of breast infection spreads to what lymph
Int Mammary
Lateral part of breast infection spreads to what lymph
Axillary
infection around umbilicus spreads to what lymph
Axillary and Superficial Inguinal
What set of bones connects upper limb to axial skeleton on each side
Pectoral Girdle
The conoid tubercle attachment of conoid ligament is found where
inf aspect of lat clavicle
which part of clavicle is weakest and commonly breaks during fall
Lat/Med 1/3
What type of synovial joint is acromioclavicular joint
Plane
what type of synovial joint is sternoclavicular joint
saddle
The first 30 degrees of shoulder abduction is caused by muscles acting at which joint
glenohumeral joint
Beyond 30 degrees what do we need for shoulder abduction
Scapula Elevated
Lat Rotate Chest Wall
For every 3 degrees of shoulder abduction past initial 30 degrees 2 degrees occurs where
glenohumeral joint and 1 degree due to scapula thoracic movement
Elevation of Scapula Muscles (3)
Trapezius
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboids
Depression of Scapula Muscles (5)
Trapezius Pec Minor Subclavius Serratus Ant Lat Dorsi
Protraction of Scapula Muscles (2)
Serratus Ant
Pec Major
Retraction of Scapula Muscles
- Trapezius Middle Fibre
2. Rhomboids
Which muscles elevate glenoid cavity
Trapezius and Serratus Ant
Which muscles depress glenoid cavity (medial rotate)
- Levator Scapulae
- Rhomboid Major and minor
- Pec Minor
The shoulder joint is what type of joint
Ball and Socket Synovial
Head of the Humerus is what in shoulder joint
Ball
Glenoid Cavity is what in shoulder joint
Socket
Rim of Cartilage surrounding glenoid cavity in shoulder is called
Glenoid Labrum
The coracohumeral ligament strengthens
upper aspect of joint capsule
The coraco-acromial arch is made up of
acromial and coracoid process of scapula and ligament
The coraco-acromial arch prevents
superior displace of humeral head
Which part of shoulder joint capsule is weakest
Inferior
What are the two bursa of shoulder called
- Subacromial (SUbdeltoid)
2. Subscapula
Which bursa communicates with joint cavity
Subscapular
What is the role of subacromial bursa
movement
Name the four rotator cuff muscles
- Subscapularis
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
Proximal attachment of Subscapularis
medial 2/3 of costal scapula
Proximal attachment of supraspinatus
scapula
proximal attachment of infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa of scapula
proximal attachment of teres minor
upper 2/3 of lat border of scapula
distal attachment of subscapularis
lesser tuberosity
distal attachment of supraspinatus
greater tuberosity of humerus
distal attachment of infraspinatus
mid facet of greater tuberosity of humerus
distal attachment of teres minor
lesser tuberosity of humerus
Subscapularis movement at shoulder
adduct and med rotate
supraspinatus movement at shoulder
abduct
infraspinatus movement at shoulder
lat rotate
teres minor movement at shoulder
adduct and lat rotate
deltoid arises form
lateral spine of scapula
distal attachment of deltoid
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Anterior fibres of deltoid do what at shoulder
Flex and Med Rotate
Middle fibres of deltoid do what at shoulder
Abduct
posterior fibres of deltoid do what at shoulder
Extend and Lat Rotate
nerve supply to deltoid
Axillary
common injury where axillary nerve damaged
shoulder dislocate
Distal attachment of pectorals major
intertuberuclar lip of bicipital groove of humerus
pectoralis major action on shoulder
adduct shoulder and medial rotate the humerus at glenohumeral joint
which muscle helps to stabilise scapula
serratus anterior
serratus anterior inserts where
into scapula
What action does superior fibres of trapezius have on scapula
Retraction and Rotate Scapula during Abduct
What action does middle fibres of trapezius have on scapula
Retract
what action of inferior fibres of trapezius have on scapula
pull scapula inferiorly
Trapezius innervation
Accessory
Which foramen of skull does Accessory nerve pass through
Jugular
Which three muscles contribute to flexion of shoulder (sagittal)
- Pec Major
- Ant Deltoid
- Coracobrachialis
Which three muscles contribute to extension of shoulder
- Pos Deltoid
- Lat Dorsi
- Teres Major
Which three muscles contribute to adduction of shoulder
- Pec Major
- Lat Dorsi
- Teres Major
Which 2 muscles contribute to shoulder joint abduction 0-90 degrees
- SUpraspinatus
2. Lat Dorsi
Which 2 muscles contribute to shoulder joint abduction 90-180 degrees
- Trapezius
2. Serratus Ant
Medial or Internal Rotation movements of shoulder. which muscles (3)
- Subscapularis
- Lat Dorsi
- Pec Major
- Teres major
Lat or External Rotation movement of shoulder. Which muscles
- Infraspinatus
2. Teres Minor
Which four structures in ant arm
- Biceps Brachii
- Corachobracialis
- Musuclocut Nerve
- Brachialis mMuscle
What is the most superficial muscle of anterior arm
Biceps Brachii
Biceps Brachii arises from where
Scapula
Tendon from biceps inserts onto
Radial Tuberosity
The short head of biceps muscle originates from
Coracoid process of scapula
The long head of biceps muscle originates from
Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
The biceps action
Flexes shoulder and elbow
At the superior radio-ulnar joint where is the biceps involved in
supination
what is the action in which radius rotates over ulna
supination
The coracobrachialis muscle inserts into
medial aspect of humerus mid shaft
Coracobrachialis action
Flex Arm at Shoulder
Brachialis muscle arises from
Ant Distal shaft of Humerus
Brachialis muscle attachment
Ulner
Brachialis action
flex elbow
The musculocutaneous nerve arises as terminal branch where
lat cord of brachial plexus
What is the main nerve of ant compartment of arm
musculocutaneous nerve
How does musculocutaneous nerve enter arm
perforate coracobrachialis
What happens to musculocutaneous nerve after crossing elbow
supplies skin as lat cutaneous nerve
Segmental or Root value of musculocutaneous nerve
C5-C7
Where does musculocutaneous nerve supply
Sensory Lat Forearm
Motor: Biceps, Brachialis and Coracobrachialis
The brachial artery is a direct continuation of which artery
Axillary
Where does brachial artery begin
Lower border of teres major
where does brachial artery end
cubital fossa by dividing into radial and ulnar arteries
