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June Anatomy Exam > Kidneys > Flashcards

Kidneys Flashcards

1
Q

How do the kidneys maintain homeostasis?

A

Blood Filtration

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2
Q

The ureters are shorter in

A

Females

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3
Q

Kidneys lie on which gutters

A

Paravertebral

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4
Q

Kidneys lie between which vertebrae

A

T12-L3

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5
Q

Where is the Hilus of the Kidneys found (vertebrae)

A

L1 - Transpyloric Plane

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6
Q

Where does the ureter enter/leave kidney

A

Hilus of the Kidneys - l1

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7
Q

Which other two organs lie on the transpyloric plane

A

Pancreas and Duodenum

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8
Q

What is the renal capsule surrounded by?

A

Fibrous and Fatty Material

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9
Q

Where is the pararnal fatty tissue mainly found

A

Posterior Kidney

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10
Q

Which three muscles are related posterior to kidneys

A

Diaphragm
Psoas Major
Quadratus Lumborum

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11
Q

The Urinary System including kidneys peritonised

A

Retroperitoneal

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12
Q

Bladder Peritonised

A

Extraperitoneal

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13
Q

Name two parts of the GI tract which are retroperitoneal

A

Ascending and Descending Colon

Duodenum 2nd and 3rd Parts

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14
Q

Kidneys nerve supply

A

T12-L3

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15
Q

Kidneys parasympathetic nerves come from

A

Vagus nerves

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16
Q

Lymph from kidneys drain to

A

Para aortic at L1

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17
Q

Kidneys develop from which embryological structure

A

Metanephros

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18
Q

Ureter develops from

A

Ureteric Bud

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19
Q

At what vertebral level are paired renal arteries given off from aorta

A

L2

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20
Q

What happens to renal arteries at hilum of kidney

A

They segment

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21
Q

Which vein travels up from the pelvis to drain into left renal vein on left side

A

left Gonadal Vein

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22
Q

Which vein travels up from the pelvis to drain into IVC on right

A

right Gonadal Vein

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23
Q

What structure connects kidney with bladder

A

Ureter

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24
Q

The Proximal portion of ureter lies where

A

Abdo cavity

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25
The distal portion of ureter lies where
Pelvic Cavity
26
The ureter commences as a dilatation called
Renal pelvis
27
As the ureter descends it lies on which muscle
posts major
28
Which way does ureter turn to reach bladder
medially
29
What crosses the ureter superiorly in males
Vas deferens
30
What crosses ureter superiorly in females
Uterine Artery
31
What are the three constrictions of the ureter called
Pelvicouretic Junction Pelvic Brim Vesicouretic Junction
32
Which part of the bladder do the ureters enter
Trigone
33
What type of tissue makes up bladder and ureter
Transitional Epithelium
34
Which bony joint is immediately anterior to bladder
Pubis
35
What is the structure that arises from inferior part of bladder and carries urine from bladder to exterior
Urethra
36
Which muscle that ureter lie on
Psoas Major
37
Kidney Size and Weight
10-12cm | 120-170
38
Renal Blood flow amount
1200
39
Ureter Length
25-30cm
40
Ureter Diameter
3-8
41
Ureter passes on medial edge of which muscle which separates it from transverse process
Psoas Major
42
Bladder peritonised
Extraperitoenal
43
Which is a cardiac cause for renal imaging
Hypertension
44
IVU Can show
Stones | Tumours
45
What is pyelography
contrast into ureters
46
What can micturating cystourethrography show
VUJ Reflex
47
Which imaging is the best choice for Stones, Tumours, Haematuria, Staging
CT
48
MRU is good for imaging what
Developmental conditions in Urinary
49
DMSA Isotope uses
Renal Scarring
50
MAG3 Isotope Scan for
Renal Function and Draining
51
What can isotope bone scan T99 MDP look for
Metastatic bone disease
52
Least helpful scan for renal artery stenosis
ultrasound
53
Renal veins drain into
IVC
54
Renal Plexus nerve Supply
Symp T10-L1 | Sensory Afferent T11-L5
55
which nerves posterior to kidney
Illiohypogastric and Ilioinguinal
56
Renal Hilum Ant to Pos
Vein Artery Pelvis
57
Median Umbilical Ligament in Bladder is
Embryonic Urachus
58
Two median umbilical folds in bladder are
Occluded Umbilical Artery
59
Two lateral umbilical folds in bladder are
Inf Epigastric Arteries
60
Transpyloric plane passes through
L1
61
Nephron is made up of
Corpuscle and Tubule
62
Renal corpuscle is made up of
Glomerulus and bowman capsule
63
Bowman Capsule epithelium
Simple Squamous
64
Tubules epithelium
Cuboidal
65
Lateral margin of kidney shape
convex
66
Median Margin of kidney shape
concave
67
what are the kidneys related to inferiorly
quadratus luborum
68
Renal Cortex is where inner or outer
Outer
69
Renal arteries are branches of where
Aorta
70
How many segmental branches does the renal artery have
5
71
Which nerve supplies micturition
Pelvic Splanchic S2-4 Parasympathetic
72
which nerve relaxes internal urethral sphincter
Pelvic Splanchic S2-4 Parasympathetic
73
External Urethral Sphincter Innervation
Pudental Nerve
74
3 Symptoms/Signs of Renal Tumour
Flank Pain Haematuria Mass
75
Most Prevalent Renal Tumour
Renal Cell Carcinoma (Clear Cell)
76
What percentage of patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma get Mets
33%
77
Where does renal cancer spread to
Lung, Bone and Liver
78
Which mesoderm forms urinary system
Intermediate Mesoderm
79
Allanotis is an outpouching of what
Endoderm into Hindgut
80
What does Cloaca divide into
Urogenital Sinus Ant and Rectum Posteriorly
81
In which week does intermediate mesoderm become propnephros
Week 4
82
Embryology name for definitive kidney
Metanephros From week 5
83
When does Metanephros begin to function
Week 9
84
Mesonephric Tubules become what
Testis
85
Nephron develops from what
Metanephric Mesoderm
86
Ureter develops from what
Ureteric Bud
87
What embryological structure becomes the bladder
urogenital sinus
88
What forms renal pelvis, ureter and calyces and collecting duct
Ureteric Bud
89
Final ascent of kidneys hilum position embryological
Medial

June Anatomy Exam (10 decks)

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