Endocrine

Question 1

what is the name given to the depression in skull where pituitary gland sits

Answer 1

Sella Turcica

Question 2

In the body of which cranial bone does Sella Turcica sit

Answer 2

Sphenoid

Question 3

How is the optic chiasm related to pituitary gland

Answer 3

sits on top of it

Question 4

The pituitary gland is connected to hypothalamus by

Answer 4

pituitary stalk

Question 5

Which pituitary lobe is bigger

Answer 5

Anterior

Question 6

Which pituitary lobe is globular

Answer 6

Anterior

Question 7

function of posterior pituitary gland

Answer 7

release neurohormones

Question 8

Anterior pituitary is (staining)

Answer 8

dark staining

Question 9

Which cells can be identified in Anterior pituitary histology

Answer 9

Acidophilic (Stain Pink)
Basophilic (Stain Light Purple)
Chromophobic (pale)

Question 10

Which cells can be identified in posterior pituitary histology

Answer 10

Non Myelinated Axons

Question 11

What hormone do neurosecretory cells in posterior pituitary secrete

Answer 11

ADH and Oxytocin

Question 12

Name two classes of Acidophils and where they target

Answer 12

Somatotrophs - Somatotropin aka GH - Targets Liver/Adipose

Mammotrophs - Prolactin - Mammilary Glands

Question 13

Name three classes of Basophils and where they target

Answer 13

Corticotrophs - ACTH/MSH - Adrenal Cortex
Thyrotrophs - TSH - Thyroid
Gonadotrophs - FSH and LH - Ovaries/Testes

Question 14

The superior hypophyseal artery enters

Answer 14

Hypothalamus

Question 15

what supplies anterior pituitary gland blood

Answer 15

Capillaries from Superior Hypophyseal Artery

Question 16

Inferior hypophyseal artery supplies

Answer 16

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 17

Inferior and Superior Hypophyseal arteries are branches of

Answer 17

Internal carotid artery

Question 18

How does hypothalamus communicate with anterior pituitary

Answer 18

Hypothalmo-Hypophysial Portal System

Question 19

How does hypothalamus communicate with posterior pituitary

Answer 19

Neurosecretory cells via infundibulum

Question 20

Venous Drainage of Pituitary Gland

Answer 20

Hypophysial veins into Cavernous Sinus

Question 21

Where do hypophyseal veins drain into

Answer 21

Cavernous sinus

Question 22

The thyroid gland is located inferior to

Answer 22

larynx

Question 23

Thyroid gland vertebral level

Answer 23

C5-L1 between cartilage and 6th tracheal ring

Question 24

Isthmus lies opposite which tracheal rings

Answer 24

1st and 2nd tracheal rings

Question 25

what strap muscles overlie thyroid gland

Answer 25

Sternothyroid and Sternohyoid

Question 26

Name two nerves that supply muscles of vocal cords

Answer 26

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve | Superior Laryngeal Nerve

Question 27

Recurrent laryngeal nerve runs between

Answer 27

Trachea and Oesophagus

Question 28

Superior laryngeal nerve runs between

Answer 28

Alongside Superior Thyroid Artery

Question 29

From which major artery in neck does superior thyroid artery arise

Answer 29

ECA

Question 30

From which artery does inferior thyroid artery arise

Answer 30

Subclav

Question 31

Into which vein does middle thyroid vein drain

Answer 31

Int Jug

Question 32

into which vein does superior thyroid vein drain

Answer 32

Int Jug

Question 33

into which vein does inferior thyroid vein drain

Answer 33

Brachiocephalic

Question 34

Lymph from thyroid drains to

Answer 34

Deep Cervical Group

Question 35

Histology of Thyroid Gland: Hormone is bound to what

Answer 35

Colloid

Question 36

What kind of cells can be seen in thyroid gland histology

Answer 36

clear cells

Question 37

what type of cell can be seen lining follicle in thyroid gland histology

Answer 37

follicular

Question 38

what colour does colloid stain

Answer 38

pink

Question 39

what do clear/parafillicular/c cells secrete

Answer 39

calcitonin

Question 40

Superior parathyroids are situated

Answer 40

inferior border of cricoid cartilage

Question 41

Parathyroid gland drains to

Answer 41

Internal Jugular Vein

Question 42

What two types of cell present in Parathyroid histology

Answer 42

Chief Cells | Oxyphil Cells

Question 43

Pancreas peritonised

Answer 43

Retroperitoneal

Question 44

Transpyloric plane is at level of

Answer 44

L1

Question 45

what cell types found in islets of langheran

Answer 45

Alpha Beta Delta F

Question 46

what does alpha cells secrete

Answer 46

glucagon

Question 47

what does beta cells secrete

Answer 47

insulin

Question 48

what does delta cells secrete

Answer 48

somatostatin

Question 49

what does f cells secrete

Answer 49

pancreatic polypeptide

Question 50

Where is Aldosterone secreted

Answer 50

Zona Glomerulosa

Question 51

Where is cortisol secreted

Answer 51

Zona Fasiculata

Question 52

Where are Androgens secreted

Answer 52

Zona Reticularis

Question 53

Neuroectoderm gives rise to which part of suprarenal gland

Answer 53

Medulla

Question 54

Mesodermal epithelium gives rise to

Answer 54

Cortex

Question 55

Adrenal Gland Superior Blood Supply

Answer 55

Inferior phrenic artery

Question 56

Adrenal Gland Middle Blood Supply

Answer 56

aorta

Question 57

Adrenal Gland inferior blood supply

Answer 57

renal arteries

Question 58

into which vein does suprarenal vein drain on right

Answer 58

iVC

Question 59

into which vein does suprarenal vein drain on left

Answer 59

renal vein

Question 60

Which bodies can be seen in posterior pituitary histology

Answer 60

herring bodies