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June Anatomy Exam > MSK Extra > Flashcards

MSK Extra Flashcards

1
Q

Transverse Fractures happen why

A

Direct Blow/Trauma

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2
Q

Oblique Fractures happen why

A

Bending movement with slight rotation

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3
Q

A comminution fracture looks like a

A

butterfly

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4
Q

A spiral fracture happens why

A

Rotational force

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5
Q

The ventral aspect of foot becomes which aspect of foot in embryology

A

Plantar aspect

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6
Q

The medial nerve enters palm of hand via

A

Carpal tunnel

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7
Q

Radial nerve enters through

A

first web space

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8
Q

Posterior tibial artery and nerve enter side of foot…

A

posterior to medial malleolus

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9
Q

The posterior tibial artery gives rise to

A

Plantar arch

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10
Q

Ankle Joint type

A

Hinge Synovial

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11
Q

Which joint is described as Uniaxial

A

Ankle

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12
Q

Malleolar grip is strongest during

A

Dorsiflexion

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13
Q

Ankle Is unstable during

A

plantar flexion

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14
Q

What stabilises the ankle during eversion

A

Medial or Deltoid Ligament

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15
Q

Which ligament is commonly involved in Ankle Injuries

A

Lateral Ligament

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16
Q

A pott fracture is a dislocation of

A

Ankle

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17
Q

An ankle sprain is what type of movement injury

A

inversion

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18
Q

A footballer’s ankle is a

A

repeated strain on anterior capsule

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19
Q

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome compresses

A

Tibial Nerve

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20
Q

Which muscles invert foot

A

TIbialis Ant and Pos

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21
Q

which muscles evert foot

A

Fibularis longus and braves

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22
Q

Which arch of foot is higher and more important

A

Medial

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23
Q

Which ligament maintains integrity of arches

A

Spring/Calcaeneolvaciular

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24
Q

Which muscles of foot maintain integrity of arch

A

Intrinsic

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25
Q

Why do flat feet happen in children

A

Subcut Fat

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26
Q

Acquired flatfeet happens due to

A

dysfunction of tibias posterior

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27
Q

Hip Joint ball is

A

Femoral Head

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28
Q

Hip Joint Socketi s

A

Acetabulum

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29
Q

Head of Femur articulates with

A

Acetabulum

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30
Q

Depth of acetabulum increased by

A

Fibrocartilage Acetabular Labrum and Transverse Acetabular Labrum

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31
Q

Ileofemoral ligament prevents

A

Hyperextension of Hip

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32
Q

Pubofemoral Ligament prevents

A

Overabductor of Hip

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33
Q

Which muscle is chief flexor of hip

A

Iliopsoas

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34
Q

The medial and lateral circumflex arteries are branches of

A

Profunda Femoris Artery

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35
Q

The artery to head of femur is branch of

A

Obturator Artery

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36
Q

Knee Joint type

A

Hinge Synovial

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37
Q

Articular surfaces of knee

A

Femora-Tibial and Femoro-Patella

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38
Q

How Many bursae around knee

A

12

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39
Q

how many bursae communicate with joint cavity

A

4

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40
Q

Tibial Collateral Ligament in knee extends from

A

Medial Epicondyle of Femur to Medial Condyle and Medial Tibia

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41
Q

Deep Fibres of Tibial Collateral Ligament are firmly attached to

A

Medial Meniscus

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42
Q

Fibular Collateral Ligament extends from

A

Lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula

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43
Q

Tendon of Popliteus passes deep to which ligament

A

Fibular Collateral Ligament

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44
Q

The intra-articular surfaces within knee consists of

A

Cruciate Ligaments and Menisci

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45
Q

Which knee ligament is weaker

A

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

46
Q

What does the anterior cruciate ligament do

A

Prevents hyperextension of knee

and posterior displacement of femur on tibia

47
Q

What does posterior cruciate ligament do

A

prevents hyeprflexion of knee

48
Q

Menisci of knee made up of what type of cartilage

A

Fibrocartilage

49
Q

Tendon of what separates Lateral meniscus from PCL

A

Popliteus

50
Q

When the knee locks what is happening

A

medial rotation of femur on tibia

51
Q

When the knee unlocks what is happening

A

lateral rotation of tibia on knee

52
Q

which muscle unlocks knee

A

popliteus

53
Q

Name three fibrous joints

A

Periodontal Ligament
Cranial Sutures
Interosseous Membranes

54
Q

Primary cartilage joints are made up of what type of cartilage only

A

Hyaline

55
Q

Secondary cartilage joints are made up of what type of cartilage

A

Hyaline and Fibrocartilage

56
Q

Synchondrosis is primary or secondary cartilage

A

Primary

57
Q

Symphysis is primary or secondary cartilage

A

Secondary

58
Q

Articular cartilage is also known as

A

Hyaline Cartilage

59
Q

What produces collagen and glycoproteins

A

flat chondrocytes

60
Q

what produces proteoglycans such as aggrecan

A

round chondrocytes

61
Q

What do Type A Synoviocytes do

A

Remove Debris and contribute to synovial fluid production

62
Q

What do Type B Synoviocytes do

A

main producer of synovial fluid

63
Q

Synovial fluid is made up of

A

Hyaluronic Acid and Lubrican

64
Q

Turnover of Synovial Fluid

A

2 Hours

65
Q

What happens to viscosity of synovial fluid with age

A

Increases so reduced lubrication and slower joint movements

66
Q

Where does Serratus Anterior attach

A

Medial Scapula and Protracts/Stablises Pectoral Girdle

67
Q

Which movement is deltoid primarily involved in

A

Abduction

68
Q

what movement does subscapularis do

A

medial rotation internal

69
Q

Where does biceps attach

A

Scapula to Radius

70
Q

Brachialis movement

A

Flexor of elbow

71
Q

brachioradialis movement

A

flexor in mid position

72
Q

biceps brachii movements

A

supinator

73
Q

biceps brachii antagonists

A

pronator teres

pronator quadratura

74
Q

When does development of limbs begin

A

4th Week with somatic lateral mesoderm

75
Q

When do upper limb buds appear

A

24 days then 1-2 days later lower limb bud

76
Q

Which gene causes proximo-distal patterning

A

Hox genes

77
Q

What happens if you remove Hoxa-11 and Hoxd-11

A

Radius and ulna do not form

78
Q

limb buds elongate by proliferation of

A

mesenchyme

79
Q

At the apex of each limb bud what thickens to form Apical Ectodermal ridge

A

Ectoderm

80
Q

Upper limbs rotate by how many degrees

A

90 laterally

81
Q

lower limb buds rotate by how many degrees

A

90 medially

82
Q

during which week do peripheral nerves grow from limb plexuses

A

5th week

83
Q

when is critical period of limb development

A

24-36 days after fertilisation

84
Q

Weakness of which muscle can cause winging of scapula

A

Serratus Anterior

85
Q

Which muscles involved in hand supination

A

Biceps brachii and supinator

86
Q

which muscles involved in hand pronation

A

Radius rotates

Pronator Quadratus
pronator Teres

87
Q

Radioulnar joints contribute to

A

Pronation and Supinator

88
Q

Which muscles flex elbow

A

Biceps Brachi
Brachioradialis
Brachialis

89
Q

which muscles extend elbow

A

Triceps

Anconeus

90
Q

Which muscles abduct shoulder

A

Mid Deltoid and Supraspinatus

91
Q

which muscles adduct shoulder

A

Pec major and Lat dorsi

92
Q

which muscles medial rotate shoulder

A

Teres Major and Subscapularis

93
Q

which muscles lateral rotate shoulder

A

Teres minor and infraspinatus

94
Q

Ulnar Collateral Ligaments extends from

A

Medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon

95
Q

Radial collateral ligament extends from

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

96
Q

Axillary Nerve at risk when

A

Shoulder DIslocation

Fracture neck of humerus

97
Q

which muscle becomes weak when axillary nerve damaged

A

deltoid

98
Q

which rotator cuff muscle is not a rotator of shoulder joint

A

supraspinatus

99
Q

The palmar interossei do what movement

A

Aductor

100
Q

The Dorsal Interossi do what movement

A

Abduct

101
Q

Which joint is known as diarthrodial joint

A

Hip

102
Q

Normal angle of neck shaft hip

A

130

103
Q

Normal angle of fem ante version hip

A

15

104
Q

Normal angle of acet ante version hip

A

20

105
Q

Intraccapsular Hip injury will likely need

A

Surgery

106
Q

Which menisci is firmly attached to tibia

A

medial

107
Q

Proximal and Distal Interphalngeal joints are only in

A

Fingers

108
Q

The more what a fracture in the hand the more likely to develop AVN

A

Proximal

109
Q

What can be palpated in anatomical snuffbox

A

Radial artery
Scaphoid
Trapezium

110
Q

Which artery in hand is superficial arch

A

Ulnar

111
Q

Which artery in hand is deep arch

A

Radial

112
Q

How to do Allens Test

A

Occlude both wrist arteries

Release ulcer: should reperfuse in 15 seconds

June Anatomy Exam (10 decks)

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