MSK UL Bones and Joint overview

Question 1

Describe the properties of a synovial joint

Answer 1

Allows free motion.

Articular capsule surrounded by a synovial membrane/synovial fluid and articular cartilage

Question 2

Describe the properties of a cartilaginous joint

Answer 2

Found in growth regions e.g
Hyaline cartilage = epiphyseal plates
Fibrocartilage - IVD

Question 3

Describe the properties of a fibrous joint

Answer 3

Fibrous connective tissue e.g sutues in the skull

Allow no movement at all

Question 4

What is articular cartilage otherwise known as? What does it enable?

Answer 4

Hyaline cartilage

Smooth movement and low friction

Question 5

What type of cartilage are articular surfaces covered by?

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage

Question 6

By what process is hyaline cartilage replaced by bone?

Answer 6

Endochondral ossification

Question 7

Name two other places hyaline cartilage is found other that articular joints

Answer 7

Trachea and long bones - endochondral ossification

Question 8

What are the components of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 8

Proteoglycans, hyaluronic acid, type 2 collagen

Question 9

Name one bone of the UL that undergoes intramembranous ossification

Answer 9

Clavicle (but it is generally flat bones)

Question 10

Name one bone of the UL that undergoes endochondral ossification

Answer 10

The humerus - and lots more. All long bones

Question 11

What is the tubercle found on the posterior side of the clavicle called?

Answer 11

Conoid tubercle

Question 12

What bone is the acromion process part of?

Answer 12

The scapula

Question 13

What two structures are bound tightly in the radial groove?

Answer 13

The radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

Question 14

Which tubercle of the humerus is found in the outside?

Answer 14

The greater

Question 15

Where does the deltoid attach to the humerus?

Answer 15

The deltoid tuberosity

Question 16

What is the part of the humerus which articulates with the radius?

Answer 16

The capitulum

Question 17

What is the part of the humerus which articulates with the ulna?

Answer 17

Trochlea

Question 18

What is a simple definition of a tubercle?

Answer 18

Something that sticks out

Question 19

What are the 3 fossas of the humerus? Where are they found and what fits in each?

Answer 19

Radial fossa is found on the anterior side of the humerus of the radial side - articulates with the radius
Coranoid fossa found in the anterior side on the ulna side - articulates with the coranoid process of the ulna
Olecrannon fossa on the posterior side of the humerus - in the centre - articulates with the olecrannon of the ulna

Question 20

What are the ridges on the distal part of the humerus called?

Answer 20

Lateral and medial supraepicondylar ridges