MSK UL Bones and Joint overview Flashcards
Describe the properties of a synovial joint
Allows free motion.
Articular capsule surrounded by a synovial membrane/synovial fluid and articular cartilage
Describe the properties of a cartilaginous joint
Found in growth regions e.g
Hyaline cartilage = epiphyseal plates
Fibrocartilage - IVD
Describe the properties of a fibrous joint
Fibrous connective tissue e.g sutues in the skull
Allow no movement at all
What is articular cartilage otherwise known as? What does it enable?
Hyaline cartilage
Smooth movement and low friction
What type of cartilage are articular surfaces covered by?
Hyaline cartilage
By what process is hyaline cartilage replaced by bone?
Endochondral ossification
Name two other places hyaline cartilage is found other that articular joints
Trachea and long bones - endochondral ossification
What are the components of hyaline cartilage?
Proteoglycans, hyaluronic acid, type 2 collagen
Name one bone of the UL that undergoes intramembranous ossification
Clavicle (but it is generally flat bones)
Name one bone of the UL that undergoes endochondral ossification
The humerus - and lots more. All long bones
What is the tubercle found on the posterior side of the clavicle called?
Conoid tubercle
What bone is the acromion process part of?
The scapula
What two structures are bound tightly in the radial groove?
The radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
Which tubercle of the humerus is found in the outside?
The greater
Where does the deltoid attach to the humerus?
The deltoid tuberosity
What is the part of the humerus which articulates with the radius?
The capitulum
What is the part of the humerus which articulates with the ulna?
Trochlea
What is a simple definition of a tubercle?
Something that sticks out
What are the 3 fossas of the humerus? Where are they found and what fits in each?
Radial fossa is found on the anterior side of the humerus of the radial side - articulates with the radius
Coranoid fossa found in the anterior side on the ulna side - articulates with the coranoid process of the ulna
Olecrannon fossa on the posterior side of the humerus - in the centre - articulates with the olecrannon of the ulna
What are the ridges on the distal part of the humerus called?
Lateral and medial supraepicondylar ridges
