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Phase 1 > MSK muscle compartments > Flashcards

MSK muscle compartments Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Lateral-> medial
* Pronator teres
* Flexor carpi radialis
* Palmaris longus
* Flexor carpi ulnaris

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2
Q

What do the muscles of the superficial layer of the anterior forearm do and what innervates them?

A

All flexors of wrist, fingers or thumb except pronator teres
All innervated by median nerve except flexor carpi ulnaris which is innervated by the ulnar nerve

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3
Q

Muscle of the middle layer of the anterior forearm

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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4
Q

Innervation and action of the muscle of the middle layer of the anterior forearm

A

Flexes the 4 medial digits
Innervated by median nerve

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5
Q

Muscles of the deep layer of the anterior forearm

A
  • Flexor digitorum profundus
  • Flexor pollicis longus
  • Pronator quadratus
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6
Q

Innervation and function of the deep muscles of the anterior forearm

A

All innervated by median nerve except the medial half of the FDP which is innervated by the ulnar nerve
All flexors except pronator quadratus

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7
Q

Outline of the innervation and action of the muscles of the anterior forearm

A
  • flexors, except for pronator teres and pronator quadratus.
  • innervated by the median nerve, except FCU and the medial half of FDP.
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8
Q

Muscles of the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A
  • Brachioradialis
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • Extensor digitorum
  • Extensor digiti minimi
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Anconeus
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9
Q

Innervation and function of the muscles of the superior layer of the posterior forearm

A

All innervated by radial nerve
All extensors except brachioradialis which is a weak flexor of the elbow

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10
Q

Muscles of the deep layer of the posterior forearm

A

Lateral-> medial
* Supinator
* Abductor pollicis longus
* Extensor pollicis brevis
* Extensor pollicis longus
* Extensor indicis.

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11
Q

Innervation and function of the muscles of the deep layer of the posterior forearm

A

All innervated by the radial nerve
All extensors except supinator and abductor pollicis longus

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12
Q

Summary of all posterior forearm muscles

A
  • extensors, except for brachioradialis, supinator and abductor pollicis longus.
  • innervated by the radial nerve.
    The muscles that cross the wrist also contribute to wrist extension.
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13
Q

Groups of intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Thenar eminence
Hypothenar eminence
Lumbricals
Interossei

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14
Q

Muscles of the thenar eminence

A

Flexor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

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15
Q

Innervation of the muscles of the thenar eminence and what they act on

A

Innervated by the median nerve
Act on the thumb

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16
Q

Muscles of the hypothenar eminence

A

Flexor digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

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17
Q

Innervation and actions of the muscles of the hypothenar eminence

A

Innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Act on the little finger

18
Q

Innervation of the lumbricals

A

Lateral two are innervated by the median nerve
Medial two are innervated by the ulnar nerve

19
Q

Actions of the different groups of the interossei

A

Palmar interossei-> adduct fingers
Dorsal interossei-> abduct fingers

20
Q

Superficial gluteal muscles

A

● Gluteus maximus
● Gluteus medius
● Gluteus minimus
● Tensor fascia latae

21
Q

Innervation of the superior gluteal muscles

A

All innervated by superior gluteal nerve except gluteus maximus which is innervated by inferior gluteal nerve

22
Q

Deep gluteal muscles

A

● Piriformis
● The superior and inferior gemelli
● Obturator internus
● Quadratus femoris

23
Q

Deep gluteal muscles function

A

Stabilise and laterally rotate the hip joint

24
Q

Muscles of the anterior thigh

A

● Quadriceps femoris – a group of four large muscles.
● Sartorius
● Iliopsoas
● Pectineus.

25
Q

Innervation and function of the muscles of the anterior thigh

A

Innervated by femoral nerve
Extensors of the knee- although some act on hip joint

26
Q

Muscles of quadriceps femoris

A

Primary extensor of the knee
● Rectus femoris
● Vastus lateralis
● Vastus medialis
● Vastus intermedius.
Converge onto quadriceps tendon

27
Q

Muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

● Semimembranosus and semitendinosus
● Biceps femoris (a long and a short head)
● Hamstring part of adductor magnus.

28
Q

Muscles of the medial thigh

A

● Adductor brevis
● Adductor longus
● Adductor magnus
● Gracilis
● Obturator externus

29
Q

Muscles of the medial thigh innervation and action

A

Adductors of the hip
Innervated by obturator nerve

30
Q

Innervation of the muscles of the posterior thigh

A

All innervated by the common fibular part of the sciatic nerve except hamstring part of adductor magnus which is innervated by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve

31
Q

Borders of the femoral triangle

A

● lateral - formed by the medial border of sartorius.
● medial - formed by the lateral border of adductor longus.
● superior - formed by the inguinal ligament.
● The apex is distal, where sartorius and adductor longus meet.
● The floor of the triangle is formed by iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially.

32
Q

Muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

● Tibialis anterior
● Extensor hallucis longus (EHL)
● Extensor digitorum longus (EDL).

33
Q

Function and innervation of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

Dorsiflexors of the foot at the ankle joint and extensors of the toes
Innervated by deep fibular nerve

34
Q

Muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

35
Q

Function and innervation of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

Evert the foot at the subtalar joint
Innervated by the superficial fibular nerve

36
Q

Superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

37
Q

Function and innervation of the muscles of the superficial layer of the posterior leg

A

Act as plantarflexors of foot at the ankle joint
Innervated by the tibial nerve

38
Q

Deep muscles of the posterior leg

A

Popliteus,
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus (FHL)
Flexor digitorum longus (FDL).

39
Q

Innervation of the deep muscles of the posterior leg

A

Tibial nerve

40
Q

Muscle of dorsum of the foot

A

Extensor digitorum brevis
Innervated by deep fibular nerve

41
Q

Muscles of the sole of the foot

A

Arranged in 4 layers
Incl. abductors of the great and smaller toes, flexors of the toes, an adductor of the great toe, lumbricals and interossei

42
Q

Innervation and function of the muscles of the sole of the foot

A

Work as a group to support the foot
Innervated by the medial and lateral plantar nerves, which are the terminal branches of the tibial nerve

Phase 1 (22 decks)

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