MSK Lab practical 1

Question 1

Trapezius

Answer 1

origin: sup nuchal lig along spinous process to tv12
Insertion:lateral superior border of the clavicle/acromium and spine of scapula
Action: superior fibers elevates scapula/ assists in upward rotation of the glenoid cavity
middle fibers-retraction of the scapula
inferior fibers-upward rotation of the glenoid cavity
innervation: carnial nerve 11 motor/ ventral rami of spinal nerves c3,c4 sensory

Question 2

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 2

origin: spinous process of t6-t12 to all lumbar and sacral and posterior 1/3 of the crest of the ilium/outer surface of ribs 9-12 inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion :floor of the intertubercle groove of the humerus
Action: adducts, extends, medially rotates humerus
innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

Question 3

Levator scapulae

Answer 3

origin: transverse process of cv1-4
Insertion: medial border of the scapula from superior angle to root of spine
Action: elevates the scapula and assists in downward rotation of glenoid cavity
innervation: c3,c4, drosal scapular never=c5

Question 4

rhomboideus major

Answer 4

origin: spinous process t2-t5
Insertion: medial border of the scapula from the root of spine to the inferior angle
Action: retracts scapula elevates and downwardly rotates the glenoid cavity
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

Question 5

rhomboideus minor

Answer 5

origin: spinous process of c7 and t1
Insertion: medial border of the scapulae from sup angle to root of spine
Action: retracts scapula, elevates and downwardly rotates glenoid cavity
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

Question 6

triangle of auscultation

Answer 6

superficial to the sixth intercostal space

Question 7

lumbar triangle

Answer 7

area of weakness where fat around the kidney may herniate

Question 8

transverse cervical artery

Answer 8

superficial branch-descends with spinal accessory nerve deep surface of the trapezius
deep branch- deep to the levator scapulae

Question 9

serratus posterior superior

Answer 9

origin: nuchal ligament and spinous processes of cv7-tv3
Insertion: posterior surface of ribs 2-5
Action: elevates the ribs during inspiration
innervation: intercostal nerves t1-t4

Question 10

serratus posterior inferior

Answer 10

origin: spinous process of tv11-lv2
Insertion: posterior surface of ribs 9-12
Action: depresses lower 4 ribs during inspiration allowing the diaphram to acts
innervation: intercostal nerve t9-t11 and subcostal nerve

Question 11

splenius capitus and cervicis

Answer 11

Origin: CV7-tv6
insertion: capitis =lateral portion of the superior nuchal line and mastoid process cervicis portion=posterior tubercles of transverse process

Action: capitas portion extends and rotates head and sidebends head/ cervicis portion: extends rotates neck to same side and binds deeper musculature
innervation: Dorsal rami of c2-c5

Question 12

erector spinae Iliocostalis- lumborum-thoracis-cervicis

Answer 12

origin: crest of the ilium and sacrum posterior surface of ribs
Insertion: angle of ribs/transverse processes of lower cervical vertebrae
Action: extends vertebral column, lateral flexion to the same side,
innervation: dorsal rami of spinal nerves from the vertebral segmants covered by muscle

Question 13

erector spinae longissimus-thoracis cervicis capitus

Answer 13

origin: transverse process below
Insertion: transverse process above
Action: extends vertebral column laterally flexion to the same side/ capitas portion extends skull and rotates to the same side
innervation: dorsal rami of spinal nerve from the vertebral segments covered by muscle

Question 14

erector spinae spinalis

Answer 14

origin: spinous process below
Insertion: spinous process above
Action: extend vertebral column, lateral flexion to the same side, capitas portion extends skull
innervation: dorsal rami of spinal nerves from the vertebral segments covered by muscle

Question 15

semispinalis thoracis/ cervicis/ capitis

Answer 15

origin: transverse process below
Insertion: transverse process above /cervicis ends at cv2
action: extends one half of vertebral column from lower thoracis to upper cervical, each subdivision spanning four to six vertebrae/ rotates vertebrae above to opposite side
innervation: dorsal rami of spinal nerve from the vertebral segments covered by muscle

Question 16

multifidus

Answer 16

Action: extension of vertebral column extends from sacrum to cv2
innervation: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5

Question 17

rotatores

Answer 17

origin: spans one or two vertebrae
Insertion:
Action: extends the vertebral column/ stabalizers
innervation: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5

Question 18

levator costarum

Answer 18

Action elevate the ribs

innervated by corresponding dorsal rami of spinal nerves c8-t11

Question 19

rectus capitis posterior major

Answer 19

origin: spinous process of cv2
insertion: inferior nuchal line and occipital bone betweeen inferior nuclal line and foramen magnum
action: extension and lateral flexion of skull to same side
Innervation: suboccitpital nerve

Question 20

rectus captitis posterior minor

Answer 20

Origin: posterior tubercle of atlas
Insertion: medial portion of inferior nuchal line and occipital bone between inferior nuchal line and foramen magnum
Action: extension and some lateral flexion of the skull
Innervation: suboccitpital nerve

Question 21

obliquus capitis inferior

Answer 21

O: spinous process of cv2
I: transverse process of atlas
A: rotates the skull and atlas on ondontoid process to the same side
Innervation: suboccipital nerve

Question 22

obliquus capitis superior

Answer 22

O: transverse process of the atlas
I: occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines
A: extends and side bend the skull to same side
innervation: suboccipital nerve

Question 23

Pia mater

Answer 23

forms filum terminale/ anchors conus medularis to the coccyx