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Phase 1 EDF > MSK Anatomy > Flashcards

MSK Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm (upper)

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

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2
Q

Name the nerve that innervates the anterior compartment of the arm (upper)

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)

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3
Q

Name the nerve that supplies the majority of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

Median nerve (C6, C7, C8, T1)

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4
Q

Give the roots of the brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

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5
Q

Give the nerve supply of the posterior compartment the arm (upper)

A

Radial nerve C5-T1

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6
Q

Give the nerve supply of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

Radial nerve C5-T1

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7
Q

Name the nerve that supplies the muscle of the hand except the LLOAF muscles

A

Ulnar nerve C8, T1

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8
Q

What are the LLOAF muscles

A

Lateral Lumbricals (x2)
Oppenens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

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9
Q

What nerves innervates the LLOAF muscles of the hand?

A

Median nerve C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

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10
Q

Which muscles found in the anterior compartment of the forearm are NOT innervated by the median nerve? And which nerve are they innervated by instead?

A

Flexor capri ulnaris

Medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

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11
Q

Which nerve runs in the carpal tunnel below the flexor retinaculum?

A

Median nerve C6, C7, C8, T1

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12
Q

Give the names of the 3 thenar muscles

A

Oppenens pollicis
Abductor pollicis
Flexor pollicis

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13
Q

Where does the long head of the bicep brachii originate?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

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14
Q

Where does the short head of the bicep brachia originate?

A

Coracoid process of the scapula

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15
Q

Where does the bicep brachia insert?

A

Radial tuberosity

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16
Q

Give the 8 muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A 
(Superficial x5)
Flexor capri ulnaris
Flexor capri radialis 
Palmaris longus *not everyone has this
Pronator teres
Flexor digitorum superficialis
(Deep x3)
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
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17
Q

Give the four rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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18
Q

What two things allow the glenohumeral joint to perform a wide range of movements

A

1) Shallow glenoid cavity in relation to large humerus head

2) Synovial fluid

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19
Q

What three things increase stability of the glenohumeral joint

A

1) Rotator cuff muscles
2) Ligaments
3) Glenoid labrum (fibrocartilagenous ridge)

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20
Q

What nerve may be damaged by anterior dislocation of the shoulder?

A

Axillary nerve

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21
Q

Of what nerve does the axillary nerve arise from?

A

Radial nerve

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22
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the shoulder region?

A 
Rotator cuff muscles
-Supraspinatus
-Infraspinatus
-Teres minor
-Subscapularis
Deltoid
Teres major
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23
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder region?

A 
(Superficial)
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
(Deep)
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
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24
Q

What clinically relevant structure do the lymph nodes of the axilla drain?

A

Mammary gland

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25
Q

Give the names of 3 trunks of the branchial plexus and state what roots each of them are comprised of

A

Superior - C5, C6
Middle - C7
Inferior - C8, T1

26
Q

What makes up the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?

A

The anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks

27
Q

What makes up the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

A

The posterior division of the superior, middle and inferior trunks

28
Q

What makes up the medial cord of the brachial plexus?

A

The anterior division of the inferior trunk

29
Q

Give the 5 major branches of the brachial plexus

A 
Musculocutaneous nerve
Median nerve
Ulnar nerve
Radial nerve
Axillary nerve
30
Q

Where is the palmaris longus located? And in what percentage of the population is it present?

A

Anterior superficial compartment of the forearm

85%

31
Q

Give the 7 superficial muscles of the posterior forearm

A 
Brachioradialis
Anconeus
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
32
Q

Give the 5 deep muscles of the posterior forearm

A

Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Extensor indicis

33
Q

Name the muscle (1) of the posterior compartment of the arm (upper)

A

Triceps brachii

34
Q

Name the carpel bones of the hand

A 
(Starting from thumb)
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapeziod
Capitate
Hamate (and hook)
35
Q

Damage to which nerve results in the risk drop?

A

Radial nerve

36
Q

Name the intrinsic muscles of the hand

A 
Thenar
-oppenens pollicis
-abductor pollicis brevis
-flexor pollicis brevis
Hypothenar
-oppenens digiti minimi
-abductor digiti minimi
-flexor digiti minimi
Lumbricals
 - I-IV
Interrossi
-dorsal
-palmar
Other
-palmaris brevis
-adductor pollicis
37
Q

What is the action of the dorsal interrossi

A

Abduct fingers at MCP joint

38
Q

What is the action of the palmar interossi

A

Adduct the fingers at the MCP joint

39
Q

What is the action of the popliteus?

A

Rotate tibia on femur to UNLOCK the knee joint

40
Q

What are the roots of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

41
Q

What is the nerve supply to the anterior comp of the thigh?

A

Femoral

42
Q

What is the nerve supply to the medial comp of thigh?

A

Obturator

43
Q

Which muscle could be classed at either anterior or medial compartment, and why?

A

Pectineus
Innervation = femoral (ant)
Main action = adduction at hip (med)

44
Q

What muscles are found in the ant. comp of thigh?

A 
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis
Sartorius
(Ilipsoas)
(Pectineus)
45
Q

What muscles are found in the medial comp of the thigh?

A 
Obturator externus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
46
Q

Is gracilis found medially or laterally within the medial compartment?

A

Medially

47
Q

What the action of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Adduction

48
Q

What is the action of the ant comp of the thigh?

A

Flex hip

Extend knee

49
Q

What muscles are found in the posterior comp of the thigh?

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

50
Q

What is the (general) innervation of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic L4-S3

51
Q

Which muscle/part of muscle in the posterior comp of the thigh not innervated by the tibial branch of the sciatic nerve? Which branch of the sciatic is it instead innervated by?

A

SHORT head of the biceps femoris

Common peroneal

52
Q

What is the action of the posterior comp of the thigh?

A

Flex at knee

Extend at hip

53
Q

Which muscles are responsible for stabilising the hip joint when walking? What nerve innervates these muscles?

A

Gluteus medius and minimis

Superior gluteal nerve

54
Q

What muscles are found in the deep gluteal region? And what action do the perform?

A 
Superior gemellous
Inferior gemellous
Piriformis
Quadratus femoris
Obturator internus
55
Q

Describe the 2 anatomical landmarks that relate to the piriformis?

A

Passes through the obturator foramen and divide the gluteal region in half - sup and inf region
Sciatic nerve emerges from at its inferior border

56
Q

What are the main action of the anterior comp of the leg?

A

Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot at the ankles

57
Q

What is the nerve supply to the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Deep peroneal/fibular nerve

58
Q

Foot drop occurs as a result of damage to what nerve?

A

Common peroneal/fibular

59
Q

What muscle are found in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibularis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus & Fibularis tetrius
Extensor hallucis longus

60
Q

How might an fracture to the Vth metatarsal occur?

A

Avulsion fracture - peroneus brevis

XS inversion

Phase 1 EDF (12 decks)

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