MSK 4 - Palm of the hand Flashcards
What is the palmar aponeurosis and what does it do?
- trianglular connective tissue
- prevents skin from slipping off hand
- seperates thenar and hypothenar eminence
The superficial palmar arch is a branch of what artery?
ULNAR ARTERY
The deep palmar arch is a branch of what artery?
RADIAL ARTERY
What is found deep to the palmar aponeurosis?
superficial palmar arch
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
swelling of the tendons passing through the tunnel
- presses on median nerve
- leads to weakness in hand
Why are the flexor tendons extrinsic muscles?
- originate elsewhere
- have action distal to the wrist
Name 3 flexor tendons
- flexor digitiorum superficialis
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor pollicis longus
Explain how FDS and FDP attach to the digits
- supeficialis splits in two- attaching to each side of middle phalanx
- profundus attaches to distal phalanx passing in between gap of FDS
What holds FDS and FDP onto the finger?
fibrous flexor and synovial sheath
What muscles does the thenar eminence contain? What do these allow?
- opponens pollicis
- abductor pollicis brevis
- flexor pollicis brevis
important in producing a precision grip
What is the largest and deepest muscle of the thenar eminence?
opponens pollicis
What muscles are found in the hypothenar eminence?
- opponens digiti minimi
- abductor digiti minimi
- flexor digiti minimi
Nerve supply of the thenar and hypothenar eminence
thenar - median nerve
hypothenar - ulnar nerve
The lumbricalis muscles are extensions of..
flexor digitorum profundus
What do the lumbricalis muscles do?
flex MCPJ and INPJ
Do the lumbricalis muscles pass lateral or distal to the proximal phalanx?
LUMBRICALIS - LATERAL!!!
Nerve supply of the lumbricals
- lateral 2 - median nerve
- medial 2 - ulnar nerve
SAME AS FDP
How many dorsal and palmar interrosseis? What do they do?
3 to me, 4 to the floor - PAD/DAB
- palmar = 3 - adduct fingers
- dorsal = 4 - abduct fingers
Nerve supply of the interrosseis
ulnar nerve
Nerve supply of the hand
MEDIAN AND ULNAR SUPPLY ALL THE INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE HAND
Median and ulnar nerve supply
MEDIAN - LLOAF
- 2 lateral lumbricals
- thenar eminence (OAF)
ULNAR = EVERYTHING ELSE
Where is the adductor pollicis found? What does it do?
7 shape - 2 heads
dorsal view of the hand - ADDUCTS THUMB
What are the bones of the wrist?
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triquetrium
- pisiform
- trapezioid
- trapezium
- capatate
- hamate
Which nerve is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome? Which nerve is spared and why?
- ONLY MEDIAN NERVE AFFECTED
- ulnar nerve and artery pass over tunnel thus spared
What forms the roof of the carpal tunnel, keeping the tendons in place?
flexor retinaculum
Which bones of the wrist articulate with the the radius?
scaphoid and lunate
