MSK 2

Question 1

What are the signs and symptoms of shoulder bursitis?

Answer 1

Sudden pain with weakness, pain with overhead movements, anterior/superior shoulder pain.

Question 2

What special tests are used for shoulder bursitis?

Answer 2

• Push button sign
• Lift off sign/Gerber’s

Question 3

What is the age group commonly affected by shoulder impingement?

Answer 3

20-40 years old.

Question 4

What are the special tests for shoulder impingement?

Answer 4

• Neer’s
• Hawkins Kennedy
• Cross Body
• Zaslav

Question 5

What is shoulder OA?

Answer 5

A degenerative condition characterized by pain, crepitus, and stiffness in all motions, especially horizontal flexion/adduction.

Question 6

What are the treatment options for shoulder OA?

Answer 6

Joint mobilizations, stretching, exercise, use of pain as guidance.

Question 7

What are the different types of shoulder instability?

Answer 7

Dislocation, Hill-Sachs Lesion, TUBS, AMBRI.

Question 8

What special tests can be used for anterior shoulder instability?

Answer 8

Apprehension, relocation/surprise, load and shift.

Question 9

What is a SLAP lesion?

Answer 9

A labral tear in the superior labrum from anterior to posterior.

Question 10

What are the special tests for labral tears?

Answer 10

Jerk (posterior labrum), Biceps Load I & II, O’Brien’s Active Compression, Passive Distraction, Labral Crank.

Question 11

What are the signs and symptoms of a rotator cuff tear?

Answer 11

Pain with weakness, limited ROM, pain at night and with activity, falls, history of impingement.

Question 12

What are the special tests for rotator cuff tears?

Answer 12

Drop arm sign, modified Jobe, empty can/full can, lag sign, lift off sign, belly press.

Question 13

What are the signs and symptoms of proximal bicep pathologies?

Answer 13

Pain with shoulder flexion, minimal weakness, pain with activity, anterior/superior shoulder pain.

Question 14

What special tests are used for proximal bicep pathologies?

Answer 14

Biceps Test, Upper Cut Test, Yergason’s Test, Speed’s Test.

Question 15

What are the signs and symptoms of AC joint dysfunction?

Answer 15

Superior shoulder pain, limited ROM due to pain, horizontal abduction/adduction replicates pain.

Question 16

What special tests are used for AC joint dysfunction?

Answer 16

AC resisted extension, Cross body test, O’Brien’s, AC shear.

Question 17

What is adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 17

A condition characterized by AROM and PROM limitations, often associated with diabetes, stroke, hyperthyroidism, and previous shoulder trauma.

Question 18

What is the capsular pattern for adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 18

External rotation, abduction, internal rotation.

Question 19

What are the signs and symptoms of scapular dysfunction?

Answer 19

Tight pec, serratus, mid/low trap weakness, altered scapular position, dysrhythmia.

Question 20

What special tests are used for scapular dysfunction?

Answer 20

Scapular assistance test (SAT), wall push-up.

Question 21

What is Little Leaguer’s Shoulder?

Answer 21

Proximal humerus epiphysiolysis, seen in throwing athletes aged 11-16 years old.

Question 22

What are the treatment options for Little Leaguer’s Shoulder?

Answer 22

3-6 months of rest, core and lower extremity strengthening, pitching mechanics training.

Question 23

What are the signs and symptoms of epicondylopathy?

Answer 23

Localized pain around the distal epicondyle, pain with repetitive movements, decreased grip strength.

Question 24

What special tests are used for epicondylopathy?

Answer 24

Cozen, Maudsley’s, Mills, Medial Epicondylitis.

Question 25

What are the signs and symptoms of a distal biceps tear?

Answer 25

Localized, non-radicular pain, swelling, ecchymosis, displaced biceps belly.

Question 26

What special test is used for a distal biceps tear?

Answer 26

Biceps squeeze.

Question 27

What are the signs and symptoms of UCL injury of the elbow?

Answer 27

Localized pain around the distal epicondyle, repetitive movements, decreased throwing velocity.

Question 28

What special test is used for UCL injury?

Answer 28

Moving valgus stress test.

Question 29

What are the signs and symptoms of lateral collateral injury?

Answer 29

Localized pain around the distal epicondyle, giving way sensation, history of radial dislocation.

Question 30

What special test is used for lateral collateral injury?

Answer 30

Chair push-up test.

Question 31

What is Nursemaid’s Elbow?

Answer 31

An annular ligament tear, commonly seen in children aged 2-4 years old.

Question 32

What are the treatment options for annular ligament injury?

Answer 32

Referral, grip strength training, wrist extension strength training.

Question 33

What are the signs and symptoms of elbow arthropathy?

Answer 33

Deep pain in the elbow joint, decreased ROM, joint crepitus, loose bodies.

Question 34

What special tests are used for elbow arthropathy?

Answer 34

Joint protection principles, rest/immobilization (Panner’s), anti-inflammatory diet (OA).

Question 35

What are the signs and symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome?

Answer 35

Radicular pain and paresthesia from the medial elbow to the medial hand, prolonged elbow extension.

Question 36

What special tests are used for cubital tunnel syndrome?

Answer 36

Tinel’s sign, Elbow flexion test.

Question 37

What are the signs and symptoms of an elbow humerus fracture?

Answer 37

Diffuse pain, decreased ROM, significant stiffness, decreased grip strength.

Question 38

What special test is used for elbow humerus fracture?

Answer 38

Elbow extension test.

Question 39

What is double crush syndrome?

Answer 39

A condition where a peripheral nerve is compressed at more than one site.