MSD & Brain Flashcards
Frontal lobe damage =
Executive function deficits
Parietal lobe damage =
sensory deficits
temporal lobe damage =
Deficits in auditory perception/sensation/integration
Occipital lobe deficits =
Visual deficits
- Expressive deficits
- Receptive deficits
- Global deficits
- Cognitive impairment
- Right visual field impairment
Left Hemisphere Damage
- Spatial + perceptual deficits
- Discourse + pragmatic deficits
- Impulse behavior + attention difficulty
- Judgement + reasoning problems
- Poor awareness of deficits
Right Hemisphere Damage
Occurs due to blockage of a blood vessel
Ischemic CVA
Most common cause of stroke
Ischemic CVA
2 types of Ischemic CVA
Thrombotic
Embolic
blood clot develops in blood vessels inside brain, interrupted blood flow
Thrombotic
blood clot develops elsewhere in body + travels to brain throughout brainstem
Embolic
Occurs due to bleeding, blood vessel rupture
Hemorrhagic CVA
most common cause of hemorrhagic CVA
high blood pressure
2 types of hemorrhagic CVA
Intracerebral, subarachnoid
most common hemorrhagic, artery bursts; flooding tissues with blood
Intracerebral
bleeding in area between arachnoid mater and pia mater
Subarachnoid
often called “mini stroke”; Temporary clot, May be a warning sign for a future stroke
Transient Ischemic attack
Abnormal ballooning, forms in blood vessel
Aneurysm
Inflammation of brain and/or spinal cord
Encephalitis
Sound is trapped in oral, nasal, or pharyngeal cavity; muffled/low voice
Cul-de-sac resonance
VP valve does not close completely during production of oral sounds
VP Dysfunction
3 types of VP dysfunction:
VP insufficiency, VP incompetence, VP mislearning
VP dysfunction due to anatomical/structural defect (e.g., Cleft Palate)
VP insufficiency
Poor movement of structures (e.g., CN damage, dysarthria)
VP incompetence
Poor closure due to misarticulation
VP mislearning
Acoustic eval of pitch
fundamental frequency
how to acoustically measure loudness
Sound level meter; computer programs (PRAAT)
if voice too soft, could be
paralyzed VFs, PD
if voice too loud, could be
variable innervation of VFs, spastic dysarthria
if voice variations in loudness, could be
dysarthria, affective disorder
Frequency perturbation
Jitter
Amplitude perturbation
Shimmer
Test s/z ratio with
minimal pairs
Air escaping btw VFs
breathy
Hard, glottal attacks, low pitch, hypo/hyper loudness
harsh voice
Combo of breath and harsh qualities
hoarse voice
