MRI & subcortex ARTICLE (mini-quiz 4) Flashcards
Topographic organization of the human and non-human primate subthalamic nucleus & Advances in MRI-based computational neuroanatomy: from morphometry to in-vivo histology & MR Pulse Sequences: What Every Radiologist Wants to Know but Is Afraid to Ask
What does computational neuroanatomy aim to study through imaging?
Computational neuroanatomy quantifies brain structure dynamics in both healthy and clinical populations using imaging and computational models.
What imaging method is central to computational neuroanatomy, providing non-invasive structural insights?
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
What new field has emerged from biophysical modeling of MRI data, allowing for brain histology in living subjects?
In-vivo histology using MRI (hMRI).
How does quantitative MRI (qMRI) improve neuroanatomical studies?
qMRI provides standardized, site-independent data, improving comparability across studies and longitudinal tracking.
Name two tissue characteristics measurable by qMRI that are significant for studying brain microstructure.
Myelin and iron content.
Which relaxation times in MRI (T1 and T2) are influenced by tissue microstructure and are markers for what component in brain tissue?
Both T1 and T2 relaxation times are influenced by myelin content in brain tissue.
What does Magnetization Transfer (MT) measure, and why is it useful in brain imaging?
MT measures the exchange of magnetization between macromolecules and water, useful for assessing myelin density.
How does diffusion imaging contribute to understanding brain microstructure?
Diffusion imaging reveals the microstructural organization by highlighting axonal properties and tissue density, providing insights into fiber tracts.
What parameter derived from MRI is sensitive to brain iron concentrations, aiding in studies of neurodegeneration?
Magnetic susceptibility.
What benefit does voxel-based morphometry (VBM) provide in MRI analysis?
VBM assesses differences in brain volume and tissue density across subjects, enabling studies on structural brain variations.
Why are T1 and MT mapping techniques valuable for cortical myelination studies?
These techniques allow for non-invasive mapping of myelin content, enabling the delineation of cortical areas based on myelination.
How does high spatial resolution improve qMRI-based computational neuroanatomy?
High spatial resolution enables detailed mapping of small brain structures and layers, increasing accuracy in identifying microstructural variations.
Describe the “g-ratio” and its significance in MRI-based studies.
The g-ratio is the ratio of the inner axonal diameter to the total axon diameter, indicative of myelination efficiency and axonal conductance speed.
Which type of MRI model integrates multiple qMRI parameters to estimate tissue features like myelin density and axonal properties?
Multi-compartment models.
How does susceptibility-based imaging differ from other MRI modalities in detecting microstructure?
It detects magnetic susceptibility variations caused by iron or myelin, aiding in distinguishing calcifications from blood deposits.
