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Brant And Helms > MRI Knee, Shoulder, Foot And Ankle > Flashcards

MRI Knee, Shoulder, Foot And Ankle Flashcards

1
Q

Essential for examining menisci
Position?

A

Sagittal T1W
Externally rotated (5-10degrees)

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2
Q

Sequence to examine the cruciate ligaments and cartilage

A

T2 FSE and T2 GRASS

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3
Q

Used for confirming meniscal tear

A

Coronal images

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4
Q

Used for patellofemoral cartilage

A

Axial images

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5
Q

Normal menisci
T1
T2

A

Both low signal

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6
Q

Normal meniscus
Width
Thickness

A

9-12mm
4-5mm

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7
Q

Discoid meniscus

A

> 2 consecutive sagittal images that show bow tie appearance

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8
Q

Lateral meniscus often has what appears to be a tear on the anterior horn near its upper margin

A

Transverse ligament

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9
Q

Important for diagnosing ACL tear

A

T2WI

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10
Q

Normally seen in intercondylar notch as a linear, predominantly low signal structure on T1

A

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

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11
Q

Gently curved, homogenously low signal structure that is INfrequently torn

A

Posterior cruciate ligament

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12
Q

Normal PCL

A

<6mm

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13
Q

Low signal, round structure often seen anterior or posterior to PCL seen in sagittal views

A

Meniscofemoral ligament

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14
Q

Meniscofemoral ligament
In front of PCL
Behind PCL

A

Ligament of Humphry
Ligament of Wrisberg

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15
Q

Signal intensity of medial collateral ligament on
T1
T2

A

Both low signal

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16
Q

Injuries to medial collateral ligament

A

Valgus stress to lateral part of the knee

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17
Q

Lateral collateral ligament
Most posterior structure
Anterior to the biceps

A

Tendon of biceps femoris
Fibular collateral ligament

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18
Q

Insert onto the anteromedial aspect of tibia

A

Sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus
-pes anserinus

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19
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

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20
Q

Inserts onto greater tuberosity of humerus, superior to scapular, inferior to acromioclavicular jt

A

Supraspinatus

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21
Q

2-3 cm proximal to supraspinatus insertion

A

Critical zone (decreased vascularity)

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22
Q

Fibrocartilaginous ring that surrounds periphery of bony glenoid of the scapula

A

Glenoid labrum

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23
Q

Primary sequence for imaging rotator cuff

A

Fat suppresed fast spin echo T2 weighted oblique coronal

24
Q

Most commonly seen cuff tear on MRI

A

Rim rent (anteriorly at insertion of supraspinatus)

25
Q

Normal humeral head should be ____ on superior slices

26
Q

The glenoid labrum is best imaged on

A

Axial T2 or T2*

27
Q

Normal labrum is _____ shaped and ____ signal

A

Triangular; low

28
Q

Anterior vs posterior labrum

A

Anterior is larger

29
Q

Normal variants in labrum that mimic torn/detached labrum

A

Sublabral foramen
Buford complex

30
Q

Opening beneath anterosuperior labrum

A

Sublabral foramen

31
Q

Absent anterosuperior labrum

A

Buford complex

32
Q

Sublabral recess is seen only in ____ part of superior labrum

A

Anterior (thin and extends medially)

33
Q

Long head of the biceps tendon runs in the ____

A

Bicipital groove

34
Q

Made up of branches from C4, C5 and C6 roots of brachial plexus

A

Suprascapular nerve

35
Q

Innervates supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve

36
Q

Teres minor has fatty atrophy

A

Quadrilateral space syndrome

37
Q

Infraspinatus with fatty infiltration

A

Suprascapular nerve entrapment

38
Q

Flexor tendons

A

Posteriorly in ankle

39
Q

Extensor tendons

A

Anteriorly

40
Q

Ankle tendon rupture seen best on

A

Axial images

41
Q

Achilles tendon is best seen on

A

Sagittal image

42
Q

Posterior tibial tendon

A

Tom - posterior tibial tendon
Dick - flexor digitorum longus
Harry - flexor hallucis longus

43
Q

Flexor-
Extensor-

A

Posterior
Anterior

44
Q

Most medial and largest

A

Posterior tibial tendon

45
Q

Insertion of posterior tibial

A

Navicular, 2nd and 3rd cuneiform and bases of 2nd to 4th metatarsals

46
Q

Runs deep to posterior tibialis, supports the talusband arch in PTT tears

A

Spring ligament

47
Q

Only tendon at the distal level that has muscle still atached

A

Flexor hallucis longus tendon

48
Q

Achilles tendon of the foot

A

Flexor hallucis longus tendon

49
Q

Insertion of peroneus brevis

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

50
Q

Insertion of peroneus longus

A

Base of 1st metatarsal

51
Q

Strong fibrous band that extends across medial ankle joint for approximately ____ cm

A

Flexor retinaculum; 5-7cm

52
Q

Most common accessory muscle encountered around the foot and ankle

A

Accessory soleus and peroneus brevis

53
Q

Lies medially as a broad band beneath tendons

A

Deltoid ligament

54
Q

Most commonly torn ankle ligament

A

Anterior talofibular ligament

55
Q

Cone shaped space between talus and calcaneus

A

Sinus tarsi

56
Q

Space between tibia and fibula

A

Lateral gutter

Brant And Helms (24 decks)

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