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Brant And Helms > Breast Anatomy > Flashcards

Breast Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Normal thickness of the skin of the breast

A

2-3mm

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2
Q

Skin thickness is best evaluated on _____ when the area of concern is tangential to the xray beam

A

Mammography

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3
Q

Nipple areolar complex (NAC) is usually located at the

A

4th intercostal space in a non pendulous breast

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4
Q

Open to the skin surface at the Morgagni tubercles which are 1 to 2 mm raised bumps around the periphery of the areola

A

Montgomery glands (apocrine glands)

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5
Q

Create an internal framework or scaffolding that supports the breast. Normally they have scalloped appearance with undulating curves that can resemble the waves of the ocean

A

Cooper ligaments

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6
Q

When does the stoma of the breast becomes more fatty

A

After menopause

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7
Q

Most compressible structure in the breast. AP dimension decreases by 30% or more upon compression

A

Fat lobule

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8
Q

Glandular tissue components in breast

A

Lobules and milk ducts

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9
Q

Important reservoir for milk during lactation and breast feeding

A

Lactiferous sinus

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10
Q

Ductal system is best demonstrated on ____ where in a single duct orifice on the nipple is cannulated with a small probe

A

Galactography

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11
Q

Most worrisome for DCIS

A

Suspicious microcalcifications that are linear or segmental may be conforming to the shape of a ductal system

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12
Q

Ductal systems

A

Ductal system - lobes
Lobes - 20 to 40 lobules
Lobules - 10 to 100 alveoli

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13
Q

Smallest function units responsible for milk production

A

Alveoli

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14
Q

Gives rise to numerous pathologies and is the site where most ductal and lobular carcinomas are thought to arise

A

TDLU (Terminal Duct Lobular Unit)

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15
Q

Lobules and milk ducts are interspersed with fat and fibrous stroma

A

Fibroglandular tissue

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16
Q

Amount of fat relative to the amount of fibroglandular tissue measured on mammography

A

Breast density

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17
Q

The majority of fibroglandular tissue

A

Upper outer quadrant

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18
Q

“Shrinking breast” may be a sign of what

A

ILC (Invasive Lobular Carcinoma)

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19
Q

Lie immediately deep to the breast. Seen on the mediolateral oblique (MLO) view of the mammogram

A

Pectoralis Major

20
Q

Male breast is composed of

A

Nipple-Areolar Complex (NAC) and rudimentary milk ducts

21
Q

Usual breast cancer in men

A

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

22
Q

Most common method of spread for breast cancers

A

Lymphatic Drainage

23
Q

One of the strongest prognostic features for patients with breast cancer

A

Lymph node metastasis

24
Q

Strongest predictors of metastasis

A

Morphology and cortical thickness(<2.3mm in patients with breast cancer)

25
Q

Normal cortical thickness of an axillary node in women WITHOUT breast cancer

A

3mm

26
Q

The afferent lymphatics channels first pass through the

A

Cortex of a node

27
Q

Large lymphatic plexus under the NAC

A

Subareolar or Sappey plexus

28
Q

First lymph node encountered

A

Sentinel lymph node

29
Q

Axillary nodes level

A

Level 1 - lateral to the pectoralis minor (identified during axillary node dissection)
Level 2 - posterior to the pectoralis minor
Level 3 - medial to the pectoralis minor
Rotter nodes - nodes located between the pectoralis major and minor

30
Q

Anatomy of an intramammary node is easily evaluated with

A

Digital breast tomosynthesis

31
Q

Blood supply to the breast

A

Internal Mammary - Medial and central parts of the breast

Lateral Thoracic Artery - upper and outer portions of the breast

32
Q

Thrombophlebitis of a superficial vein

A

Mondors disease

33
Q

The ventral ectoderm folds inward to form two symmetric lines. Extends from the axilla to the groin

A

Milk Streak

34
Q

Most common location of accessory breast tissue

A

Axilla ( 2 to 6% )

35
Q

Poland syndrome

A 
Absence of pectoral muscle
Chest wall deformity
Breast anomalies
Symbrachydactyly
Hypoplasia of the middle phalanges
Central skin webbing
36
Q

Most breast cancers arise from the

A

Epithelium of the milk ducts and the lobules

37
Q

Milk ducts that extends to the surface of the nipple

A

10-15 (range 5-20)

38
Q

First place that a metastasis is deposited

A

Immediate subcortical region

39
Q

Nodes located between the pectoralis minor and major

A

Rotter

40
Q

Breast development begins during the __ of development

A

5th week

41
Q

Presence of accessory nipple

A

Polythelia

42
Q

Presence of accessory breast tissue

A

Polymastia

43
Q

Congenital absence of the breast

A

Amastia

44
Q

Nipple is present without underlying breast tissue

A

Amazia

45
Q

Site of milk production during pregnancy and lactation

A

Lobules

Brant And Helms (24 decks)

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