MRCP Anatomy Flashcards
Circle of willis largest artery
MCA
Prominent V wave
tricuspid regurg
Tibial plateau fracture can injure…. artery
popliteal
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle motor…
spinal accessory nerve
winging of scapula
long thoracic nerve
Cervical radiculopathy
neck pain radiating shoulder and arm
Brachial plexus injuries
Erb Duchenne
- C5-6 root
- winged scapula
Klumpke
- T1 damage
- loss of intrinsic hand muscle
Laryngeal nerve palsy
thyroidectomy complication
vocal cord on affected side
Medial epicondylitis
golfer elbow
pain on forearm pronation
wrist flexion pain
(ULNAR distribution weakness)
Subclavian central venous cannulation anatomy
normal: 1cm below midpoint of clavicle and 0.5cm laterally
Obese: 2cm below and 1cm lateral (double above)
Pleura anatomy
2 layered sac
outer parietal
inner visceral
- pneumothorax due to air leak into pleural space
Facial nerve
‘face, ear, taste, tear’
- face: muscles of facial expression
- ear: nerve to stapedius
- taste: supplies anterior two-thirds of tongue
- tear: parasympathetic fibres to lacrimal glands, also salivary glands
Suprascapular nerve damage
supraspinatus- cannot abduct
infraspinatus- cannot ext rotate
Rotator cuff muscles
SItS - small t for teres minor
Supraspinatus - abduct
Infraspinatus- ext rotation
teres minor- adduct + ext rotation
Subscapularis- adduct + internal rotation
Axillary nerve injury
deltoid muscle weakness
- cannot abduct
- deltoid patch sensation loss
Anterior mediastinum contents
thymus
lymph node - lymphoma
Common peroneal nerve lesion
FOOT DROP
Other features include:
weakness of foot dorsiflexion
weakness of foot eversion
weakness of extensor hallucis longus
sensory loss over the dorsum of the foot and the lower lateral part of the leg
wasting of the anterior tibial and peroneal muscles
Sciatic nerve division
tibial
common peroneal nerve
Ulnar nerve lesion
medial 2 lumbricals
adductor pollicis motor - pinch weakness
clawing hand deformity
wrist flexion
HYPOTHENAR eminence
all of interossei–> finger abduction
Median nerve lesion
flexor pollicis brevis (thumb flexion)
lateral 2 lumbricals
abductor pollicis brevis–> thumb abduction
Posterior interosseous nerve
from Radial nerve lesion
extensor digiti minimi (pinky)
Radial nerve lesion
abductor pollicis longus
Anterior interosseous nerve from median nerve lesion
Flexor pollicis longus (thumb)
Acoustic neuroma
cerebellopontine angle lesion
facial nerve palsy
Trigeminal ganglion lesion
herpes zoster
Upper limb nerves
- Axiallry - C5, C6
- Radial - C5 - T1
- Musculocutaneous - C5 -C7
- Median - C6-T1
- Ulnar - C8, T1
Reflexes
- Ankle - S1-2
- Knee- L3-4
- Biceps - C5-6
- Triceps- C7-8
Brachial plexus
MARMU
Stroke territories
ACA
MCA
PCA
Radial nerve damange
wrist drop
sensory loss to small area between the dorsal aspect of the 1st and 2nd metacarpals
Abductor pollicis longus
Musculocutaneous nerve injury
weak elbow flex
weak forearm supination
loss of sensation lateral forearm
DR CUMA
Drop radial
claw ulnar
median ape
Cranial nerves
uvula away from lesion
tongue towards lesion
glossopharyngeal- posterior 1/3 taste
facial nerve- anterior 2/3 taste
Pyramidal tract lesion
Extensors in arm
Flexors in legs
- corticospinal and corticobulbar tract through internal capsule
Erb’s palsy
sensory loss in upper arm (deltoid)
shoulder abduction loss
no bicep reflex
no elbow flexion
C5-6 root
Femoral nerve lesion
loss of sensation over anteriomedial thigh
Thenar eminence…
median nerve
carpal tunnel causes atrophy
Anterolateral MI
distal LAD –> including Cx
anteroseptal!!
proximal LAD
Sunburn causes…
formation of pyrimidine dimers due to UVB
Anterior to kidney
pancreas
Central scotoma
optic nerve lesion
Optic radiation lesion
complete homonymous hemianopia without macular sparing
Where does cavernous sinus lie
either side of sphenoid
Blood in: facial vein, sphenoid, vein, middle cerebral vein
Note: anterior phenoid vein drain the face and upper lip
infection source is upper lip
Stroke symptoms
Frontal- broca
parietal - apraxia
Temporal- wernicke
Posterior gastric ulcer vessel
splenic artery
