Mr. Ford's Video - Chap 1: Anatomy Terms Flashcards
Anatomy
- the study of structure
- identification of the body parts
- “to cut up.”
Physiology
- the study of function
- how the parts of the body work
- “physis” means nature
- “ology” the study of
Pathology
- the study of disease & the disease processes
- what makes you sick
- “pathos” means suffering/pain
Microscopic Anatomy
- the study of anatomy on a microscopic level, ca not study without a microscope.
- Histology - the study of tissues
- Cytology - the study of cells
Gross Anatomy
- the study of anatomy on a large scale, can see with the unaided eye.
Regional Anatomy
- the study of anatomy by regions of the body, e.g., muscles and nerves and arteries
Systemic Anatomy
- the study of anatomy by systems in the body, e.g.
Embryology
The first eight weeks of development after fertilization
of a human egg.
Developmental biology
The complete development of an individual from fertilization to death.
Cell biology
Cellular structure and functions.
Histology
The microscopic structure of tissues.
Surface anatomy
Surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy through visualization and palpation (gentle touch).
Imaging anatomy
Internal body structures that can be visualized with techniques such as x-rays, MRI, CT scans, and other technologies for clinical analysis and medical intervention.
Immunology
The body’s defenses against disease-causing agents.
Respiratory physiology
Functions of the air passageways and lungs.
Renal physiology
Functions of the kidneys.
Exercise physiology
Changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity
Pathophysiology
Functional changes associated with disease and aging.
Neurophysiology
The physiology of the nervous system.
Endocrinology
The branch of physiology and medicine concerned with endocrine glands and hormones.
Cardiovascular
Relating to the heart and blood vessels.
Catabolism
- the breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components
Anabolism
- the building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components.
Autopsy
- is a postmortem (after death) examination of the body and dissection of its internal organs to confirm or determine the cause of death.
Intercellular Fluid
- fluid inside the body cells
Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
- fluid outside body cells
Interstitial Fluid
Intercellular Fluid
Tissue Fluid
- ECF filling the narrow spaces between cells of tissues
Plasma
- ECF in blood vessels
Lymph
- ECF in lymphatic vessels
Cerebrospinal fluid
- ECF in and around the brain and spinal cord
Synovial Fluid
- ECF in the joints
Aqueous Humor / Vitreous Humor
- ECF found within the eyes
Body’s Internal Environment
- ECF is in constant motion throughout the body and also surrounds all body cells
Anabolism
Synthetic, energy-requiring reactions whereby small molecules are built up into larger ones.
Catabolism
Chemical reactions that break down complex organic compounds into simple ones, with the net release of energy.
Cells
The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; the smallest structure capable of performing all the activities vital to life.
Control center
Part of a feedback system that sets the range of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates input from receptors and generates output commands.
