MPB Mgmt Flashcards
What happens to end an outbreak?
Significant mortality (cold). 3 p’s
Lack of food (all eaten)
What do plants do to deter defoliators?
Releases vocs which cause other same species plants to build up toxins in foliage. Also signal Parasitoid wasps to come kill defoliators.
What 5 things can combine to end an outbreak?
Parasitoids
Predators
Pathogens
Cold
Run out of food
4 stages in outbreak
Endemic, building, epidemic, collapse
Building phase critical to insect mgmt
Does suppression happen?
Not in forestry unless your in a nursery
Must find green attack trees and target them before outbreak.
What are the strategies of beetle management?
Suppress: sanitize green attack
Maintain (hold): still hit green attack but with less resources (realistic)
Salvage (fold) sanitation (go after red attack trees before they decay).
Walk away (prism). Can’t do anything
How can foresters prevent outbreaks through good forestry and direct control?
Annual survey: aerial coverage of province. Can catch at building phase. Quantify polygons as low medium and severe.
What can foresters do to control beetle at the landscape level?
Log the most susceptible first. (Old trees that are susceptible).
Create an age and species mosaic. Keep Pl but not in aggregation.
Allow fire where possible (only in states). Fire will decrease the AAC. Reduce jobs, reduce income from taxes.
Promote vigor by controlling density and using sound species.
Take out pine from mixed stands in range of beetle.
What is beetle proofing?***
(60-120 year old stands) space (4-5m) and thin from below to reduce cool dark conditions that signal beetles to find a host. Take advantage of the insect biology
Also increases wind which will reduce beetle detection of pheremones and kairomones and hinder flight
Increases tree vigor
What are some extra management techniques?
Traps to monitor population: mimics tree trunk with silhouette. Uses aggregation pheremones and ethanol (kairomone). Helps direct efforts. Beetle surveys for red and green attack trees.
Mass trapping with pheremones in building phase. Can be moderately successful. Only successful when Done in tandem with sanitation logging or spot treatment.
What are the different felling methods in beetle mgmt ?
Spot treatment - tree burned or cut up
Sanitation logging - green attack reclamation for lumber
Salvage logging - red attack
How is shelf life effected when you do nothing?
8-12 years depending on level of decay.
What do managers do in urban setting?
Spray trees with lethal pesticide
Wrap trees in landscape fabric
Anti aggregation pheremone
What were some bad ideas that didn’t work
Debark trees to kill beetle
Hand tools, primer cord, tree monkey (contraption that clamps around tree, limbs on the way up, debarks on the way down.
Systemic injection with arsenic base insecticide that also killed tree.
In a beetle outbreak, what is the build up phase?
A pre outbreak time period where conditions are good for beetle. Improved survival and reduced tree defense.
