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Movement in Development Flashcards

1
Q

Dynamic Systems Theory

A

Person - Cognitive
Musculoskeletal
Neurological
Sensory
Perceptual
Social-emotional

Environment -
Contexts
Physical
Social
Cultural
Virtual

TASK
Nature
Goals
Rules
Object properties
Type
Size
Shape
Texture

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2
Q

What are the structures

A

bones, muscles, joints and neural mechanisms. These are all present at birth. changes with maturation.

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3
Q

Function

A

structures determine what functions are possible.

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4
Q

Limitations in muscle function are based on

A

biomechanics of the joint; some muscles are stabilizers, others are mobilizers

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5
Q

Neuromuscular-skeletal functions are determined both by

A

genetic potential and environment

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6
Q

Development of certain functions can promote change in

A

structure

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7
Q

What impact might the environment have on function?

A

access, experience, modeling

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8
Q

Purpose

A

volition -an intentional action toward an outcome

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9
Q

Where does volition come in to play with coloring.

A

They have to want to do it.

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10
Q

the structure of the hand, bones, intrinsic/extrinsic muscles allow for the function of a tripod grasp on a utensil…
-This allows for the

A

purpose of drawing or writing.

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11
Q

This relationship between function and purpose of movement is influenced by a child’s

A

motivation to move and adapt movement

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12
Q

BOTH intrinsic and extrinsic motivation influence

A

movement

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13
Q

Environmental
Impact on Movement

A

The setting, including people and self
Everything with which the individual acts
Two dimensional- SPACE and TIME

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14
Q

Four Functions:

A

1) Holding function
2) Facilitation function
3) Challenge function
4) Interactive function

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15
Q
  1. Facilitating Function-
A

antigravity movement- the desire to move away from the static surface

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15
Q
  1. Holding Function-
A

holding position in space

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16
Q

What is antigravity mobement

A

moving against gravity.

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17
Q
  1. Challenge function-
A

Move against gravity, increase level of difficulty to progress in function

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18
Q
  1. Interactive function-
A

using environmental factors to further progress, master and advance…

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19
Q

Adaptation

A

A dynamic process that expands the child’s repertoire of both movements and activities
Allows complex movements to evolve

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20
Q

What are the 3 properties of adaptation:

A
  1. Sensorimotor-Sensory Process
  2. Developmental Nature of
    Adaptation
  3. Purposeful Nature of Adaptation
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21
Q

Sensorimotor- Sensory Process of Adaptation

A
  • Assimilation- gathering information
  • Accommodation- take and make motor responses
  • Association- linking and comparing to prior events
  • Differentiation- taking parts of motor actions and putting back together to create new motor goals
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22
Q

Assimilation-

A

gathering information

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23
Q

Accommodation-

A

take and make motor responses

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24
Association-
linking and comparing to prior events
25
Differentiation-
taking parts of motor actions and putting back together to create new motor goals
26
2. Developmental Nature of Adaptation
Sequential maturation of CNS characterized by predictable patterns (cephalo-caudal, proximal-distal)
27
cephalo-caudal development
babys start head first then lower extremity
28
proximal stability before distal mobility
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3. Purposeful Nature of Adaptation
Humans seek and interact with environmental events
30
Adaptation of new experiences is dependent upon
past acquired behaviors
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Integration of past with new causes past behaviors to modify, resulting in
higher-level behavior
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Development
The learning and integration of higher-level behaviors further influences lower-level behaviors Lower-level functions MAY emerge when the system is stressed or distressed…
33
Movement components
- Flexion - Extension - Lateral Flexion - activation of flexion and extension on same plane - Rotation - activation of flexion on one side and extension on the other
34
Mobility-
Characterized by quick initiation, wide range of motion and fast speed
35
First to develop Activation in undifferentiated way; generally through complete range Associated with phasic reflexes and righting reactions (i.e. rooting, sucking, grasping)
36
Stability-
Movements that maintain the position of the body against gravity and keep the range of movement in check so posture can be held Develops after mobility
37
1. Muscle Functions
38
Primitive Reflexes: proprioceptive stimuli and produce an observable movement Can serve survival or protective functions (activation in full ranges) Or be posture assumed in response to head or trunk position (cessation of movement or fixation)
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reflexes
involuntary movement. I have no volitional control over it. They are protective
40
primitive reflexes
41
vertical righting
activate musclee grups (labrynthine, optical) that move midline of body into alignment with the center of gravity
42
when does vertical righting happen
not at birth, develops with CNS maturation and environment contact.
43
rotational righting
Response in relation to movement of the head or segment of the body Activate muscles to move body segments around central axis of body so segments align
44
supportive reactions
elicited when support parts of the body come in contact with the supporting surface
45
protective reactions
allow us to return bavk to base of support (FOOSH)
46
Equilibrium reactions
volitional and compesatory movement use to regain midline stablity when alignment of midline with gravity is signiticantly disturbed.
47
What are the compesnatory movements associated with equilbrium reactions
Movement away from and return to COG Rotation of head and upper trunk back toward center Extremities on one side extend/abduct Opposite extremities may extend and abduct
48
Whats the difference between reflex and reaction
Reflex is involuntary reaction is a choice responses have variablity in movement. reflexes have one arc.
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Phases of development - primitive
Conception to several months after birth.
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phases of development transitional
lots of practice, a lot of variety of movements
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Phases of control -mature
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Movement/Muscle functions: primitive
Change position of body segments, but NOT body in space Generally movement of neck or limbs rather than body as a whole Undifferentiated patterns of movement or holding postures at rest
53
Primitive Postural support:
Within the boundaries of environment Limited weight bearing function
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physiological flexion
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Movement/Muscle functions:
Move within the position Move around the environment in a desired position. Internal control and has an infinite variety of unique patterns.
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General Milestones BIRTH TO 1 MONTH Physiological Flexion: needs external quieting Unsettled Wide variation in behavioral states; appears disorganized but is actually very purposeful. Responds to tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular input.
Physiological Flexion: needs external quieting Unsettled Wide variation in behavioral states; appears disorganized but is actually very purposeful. Responds to tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular input.
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General Milestones 2 MONTHS
Less physiological flexion – appears floppy, secondary to lack of movement control. Emerging Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reaction (ATNR): Focal length approximately 10; beginning visual regard for hand.
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General Milestones 3 MONTHS
Moving toward symmetry – midline orientation emerging. Increased tactile awareness of body via exploration – tactile and visual; i.e., hand-to-mouth.
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General Milestones 4 MONTHS
Midline Orientation Increased interaction with environment
60
General Milestone 5 MONTHS
Rolling supine/prone Extremely active – seek sensory input from body and environment
61
Developmental Sequence: 1. Prone/Creeping Progression
Means of locomotion before movement in upright Development of neck and trunk against gravity Provides for an extremity-supported posture
62
Developmental Sequence: 1. Prone/Creeping Progression PRIMITIVE
slight head lift. Protective head turning Keeps airways clear
63

Pediatrics (14 decks)

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