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Pediatrics > Movement in Development > Flashcards

Movement in Development Flashcards

1
Q

Dynamic Systems Theory

A

Person - Cognitive
Musculoskeletal
Neurological
Sensory
Perceptual
Social-emotional

Environment -
Contexts
Physical
Social
Cultural
Virtual

TASK
Nature
Goals
Rules
Object properties
Type
Size
Shape
Texture

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2
Q

What are the structures

A

bones, muscles, joints and neural mechanisms. These are all present at birth. changes with maturation.

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3
Q

Function

A

structures determine what functions are possible.

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4
Q

Limitations in muscle function are based on

A

biomechanics of the joint; some muscles are stabilizers, others are mobilizers

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5
Q

Neuromuscular-skeletal functions are determined both by

A

genetic potential and environment

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6
Q

Development of certain functions can promote change in

A

structure

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7
Q

What impact might the environment have on function?

A

access, experience, modeling

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8
Q

Purpose

A

volition -an intentional action toward an outcome

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9
Q

Where does volition come in to play with coloring.

A

They have to want to do it.

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10
Q

the structure of the hand, bones, intrinsic/extrinsic muscles allow for the function of a tripod grasp on a utensil…
-This allows for the

A

purpose of drawing or writing.

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11
Q

This relationship between function and purpose of movement is influenced by a child’s

A

motivation to move and adapt movement

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12
Q

BOTH intrinsic and extrinsic motivation influence

A

movement

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13
Q

Environmental
Impact on Movement

A

The setting, including people and self
Everything with which the individual acts
Two dimensional- SPACE and TIME

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14
Q

Four Functions:

A

1) Holding function
2) Facilitation function
3) Challenge function
4) Interactive function

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15
Q
  1. Facilitating Function-
A

antigravity movement- the desire to move away from the static surface

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15
Q
  1. Holding Function-
A

holding position in space

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16
Q

What is antigravity mobement

A

moving against gravity.

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17
Q
  1. Challenge function-
A

Move against gravity, increase level of difficulty to progress in function

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18
Q
  1. Interactive function-
A

using environmental factors to further progress, master and advance…

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19
Q

Adaptation

A

A dynamic process that expands the child’s repertoire of both movements and activities
Allows complex movements to evolve

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20
Q

What are the 3 properties of adaptation:

A
  1. Sensorimotor-Sensory Process
  2. Developmental Nature of
    Adaptation
  3. Purposeful Nature of Adaptation
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21
Q

Sensorimotor- Sensory Process of Adaptation

A
  • Assimilation- gathering information
  • Accommodation- take and make motor responses
  • Association- linking and comparing to prior events
  • Differentiation- taking parts of motor actions and putting back together to create new motor goals
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22
Q

Assimilation-

A

gathering information

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23
Q

Accommodation-

A

take and make motor responses

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24
Q

Association-

A

linking and comparing to prior events

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25
Q

Differentiation-

A

taking parts of motor actions and putting back together to create new motor goals

26
Q
  1. Developmental Nature of Adaptation
A

Sequential maturation of CNS characterized by predictable patterns (cephalo-caudal, proximal-distal)

27
Q

cephalo-caudal development

A

babys start head first then lower extremity

28
Q

proximal stability before distal mobility

A
29
Q
  1. Purposeful Nature of Adaptation
A

Humans seek and interact with environmental events

30
Q

Adaptation of new experiences is dependent upon

A

past acquired behaviors

31
Q

Integration of past with new causes past behaviors to modify, resulting in

A

higher-level behavior

32
Q

Development

A

The learning and integration of higher-level behaviors further influences lower-level behaviors
Lower-level functions MAY emerge when the system is stressed or distressed…

33
Q

Movement components

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Lateral Flexion - activation
    of flexion and extension on
    same plane
  • Rotation - activation of
    flexion on one side and
    extension on the other
34
Q

Mobility-

A

Characterized by quick initiation, wide range of motion and fast speed

35
Q

First to develop
Activation in undifferentiated way; generally through complete range
Associated with phasic reflexes and righting reactions (i.e. rooting, sucking, grasping)

A
36
Q

Stability-

A

Movements that maintain the position of the body against gravity and keep the range of movement in check so posture can be held
Develops after mobility

37
Q
  1. Muscle Functions
A
38
Q

Primitive Reflexes:
proprioceptive stimuli and produce an observable movement
Can serve survival or protective functions (activation in full ranges)
Or be posture assumed in response to head or trunk position (cessation of movement or fixation)

A
39
Q

reflexes

A

involuntary movement. I have no volitional control over it. They are protective

40
Q

primitive reflexes

A
41
Q

vertical righting

A

activate musclee grups (labrynthine, optical) that move midline of body into alignment with the center of gravity

42
Q

when does vertical righting happen

A

not at birth, develops with CNS maturation and environment contact.

43
Q

rotational righting

A

Response in relation to movement of the head or segment of the body
Activate muscles to move body segments around central axis of body so segments align

44
Q

supportive reactions

A

elicited when support parts of the body come in contact with the supporting surface

45
Q

protective reactions

A

allow us to return bavk to base of support (FOOSH)

46
Q

Equilibrium reactions

A

volitional and compesatory movement use to regain midline stablity when alignment of midline with gravity is signiticantly disturbed.

47
Q

What are the compesnatory movements associated with equilbrium reactions

A

Movement away from and return to COG
Rotation of head and upper trunk back toward center
Extremities on one side extend/abduct
Opposite extremities may extend and abduct

48
Q

Whats the difference between reflex and reaction

A

Reflex is involuntary
reaction is a choice
responses have variablity in movement. reflexes have one arc.

49
Q

Phases of development - primitive

A

Conception to several months after birth.

50
Q

phases of development transitional

A

lots of practice, a lot of variety of movements

51
Q

Phases of control -mature

A
52
Q

Movement/Muscle functions: primitive

A

Change position of body segments, but NOT body in space
Generally movement of neck or limbs rather than body as a whole
Undifferentiated patterns of movement or holding postures at rest

53
Q

Primitive Postural support:

A

Within the boundaries of environment
Limited weight bearing function

54
Q

physiological flexion

A
55
Q

Movement/Muscle functions:

A

Move within the position
Move around the environment in a desired position.
Internal control and has an infinite variety of unique patterns.

56
Q

General Milestones
BIRTH TO 1 MONTH
Physiological Flexion:
needs external quieting
Unsettled
Wide variation in behavioral states; appears disorganized but is actually very purposeful. Responds to tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular input.

A

Physiological Flexion:
needs external quieting
Unsettled
Wide variation in behavioral states; appears disorganized but is actually very purposeful. Responds to tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular input.

57
Q

General Milestones
2 MONTHS

A

Less physiological flexion – appears floppy, secondary to lack of movement control.
Emerging Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reaction (ATNR): Focal length approximately 10; beginning visual regard for hand.

58
Q

General Milestones
3 MONTHS

A

Moving toward symmetry – midline orientation emerging.
Increased tactile awareness of body via exploration – tactile and visual; i.e., hand-to-mouth.

59
Q

General Milestones
4 MONTHS

A

Midline Orientation
Increased interaction with environment

60
Q

General Milestone
5 MONTHS

A

Rolling supine/prone
Extremely active – seek sensory input from body and environment

61
Q

Developmental Sequence: 1. Prone/Creeping Progression

A

Means of locomotion before movement in upright
Development of neck and trunk against gravity
Provides for an extremity-supported posture

62
Q

Developmental Sequence: 1. Prone/Creeping Progression
PRIMITIVE

A

slight head lift. Protective head turning
Keeps airways clear

63
Q
A

Pediatrics (14 decks)

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