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Foundations II Exam 1 > Mouth 2 > Flashcards

Mouth 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Apthous ulcers

A

Canker sores

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2
Q
  • Clinical dx
  • Supportive tx, resolves in 2 - 3 days
  • Common in children
  • Low grade fever, malaise, abd pain, URI sxs
  • PAPULES on erythematous base over tongue and hard palate
A

HFM - Coxsackie A16 virus

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3
Q

Irritants of this condition:

  • Dentures
  • Tobacco
  • Lichen planus
A

Oral leukoplakia

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4
Q

What are the 2 forms of Oral Herpes Simplex Virus?

A
  1. Herpetic gingivostomatitis
  2. Herpes labialis (cold sores)

(2 forms of the same virus)

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5
Q
  • Common in children
  • LESIONS over posterior soft palate
  • Caused by Coxsackie virus
  • Lesions limited to mouth
  • Supportive tx
A

Herpangina

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6
Q

Sudden onset of painful vesicular lesions on red base

A

HSV

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7
Q
  • Etiology is uncertain, but is associated w/ HHV-6
  • Also associated w/ Celiac, IBD, HIV
  • Usually single lesion
  • Recurrent
A

Aphthous ulcers

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8
Q

Diagnosis for Bechet’s

A
  • Recurrent oral ulcers 3+ per year along w/ recurrent genital ulcers, eye lesions, skin lesions
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9
Q
  • Ulcerative lesions of gingiva/mucous membranes in mouth
  • Perioral vesicular lesions
  • Fevers
A

Sxs of Herpetic Gingivostomatitis

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10
Q
  • Small, painful, shallow, round ulcer
  • Gray base surrounded by red halo
  • Triggered by stress
  • HHV-6 (human herpes virus)
A

Aphthous Ulcer (canker sore)

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11
Q

What are the 4 tongue conditions?

A
  1. Fissured tongue
  2. Black tongue
  3. Black hairy tongue
  4. Geographic tongue
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12
Q

Chronic, infammatory autoimmune disease

A

Oral Lichen Planus

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13
Q

Triggers:

  • Sunlight
  • Fever
  • Menstruation
  • Stress
  • Trauma
A

Triggers of HSV

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14
Q

Referral to ENT, head/neck surgeon, radiation oncology

A

Oral leukoplakia

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15
Q

Pt education for Oral Candidiasis (thrush)

A
  • Rinse mouth out after inhaling steroids
  • Good oral hygiene w/ denture use
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16
Q
  • Benign, resolve on own
  • May rupture spontaneously
  • Remove w/ cryotherapy or excision of cyst
A

Mucoceles

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17
Q
  • Primary HSV infection
  • 1st outbreak is severe
  • Recurrent outbreaks = cold sores
A

Herpetic gingivostomatitis

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18
Q

Seen in mild oral trauma such as “biting lip” and so can be seen on labia

A

Mucoceles

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19
Q
  • Topical corticosteroids in an adhesive base
  • Topical analgesics
A

Tx for aphthous ulcers

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20
Q

Tx for Bechet’s

A

Refer to rheumatologist

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21
Q

Benign, seen after dental fillings w/ silver

A

Amalgam tattoo (seen adjacent to amalgam filling)

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22
Q
  • Normal
  • Caused by meds like: Abx, Pepto, GERD meds
A

Black tongue

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23
Q
  • Clinical dx
  • KOH wet prep
  • Culture
  • Biopsy
A

Diagnositcs for Oral Candidiasis (thrush)

24
Q
  • Reticular white plaques
  • Mucosal erythema
  • erosions/ulcerations
  • Hyperkeratotic plaques
  • Painless or Painful
A

Clinical presentation of Oral Lichen Planus

25
Q
  • Inflammatory disorder
  • Recurrent oral and genital aphthae (ulcers) in 75%
  • Lesions can occur at multiple sites
A

Bechet’s

26
Q
  • Difficult to diagnose
  • Exfoliative cytology or biopsy
A

Oral Lichen Planus

27
Q

White lesion which cannot be removed by scraping

A

Oral leukoplakia

28
Q

What condition is caused by chronic irritation and is precancerous?

A

Oral leukoplakia

29
Q

Hyperplasia of squamous epithelium

A

Oral Leukoplakia

30
Q
  • Benign bony lesion, usually on hard palate
  • Midline and does not enlarge
  • Common, starts in childhood
A

Torus palatinus

31
Q

With which condition do we need to particularly worry about squamous cell carcinoma? What will the PE findings be?

A

Oral Lichen Planus

-Oral lichen w/ erosions/ulcerations

32
Q
A
33
Q

3 tx options for HSV

A
  1. Antivirals
  2. Analgesics (pain meds)
  3. Fluid management (bc/ pt hesitant to eat/drink)
34
Q
  • Caused by Epstein-Barr virus
  • Almost exclusively seen w/ HIV
A

Hairy Leukoplakia

35
Q

Can be dysplastic (abnormal cells) or early invasive squamous cell carcinoma

A

Oral leukoplakia

36
Q

What causes dental caries which:

  • Metabolize sugars into acid
  • Acid demineralizes enamel
  • Cavity development
A

Strep mutans

37
Q

Most common HSV?

A

Type 1

38
Q

MUST be biopsied and referred to ENT

A

Erythroplakia

39
Q

Etiology of Thrush

A

Candida albicans

40
Q

>90% represent malignant change

A

Erythroplakia

41
Q

With bechet’s, are oral or genital lesions more common?

A

Genital

42
Q

How do you dx HSV?

A
  • Mostly clinical (obvious presentation)
  • Viral culture
  • Serology
  • Immunofluorescence microscopy for antigens
43
Q
  • Painful, creamy-white curd like patches over erythematous base
  • May present like angular cheilitis
  • Scrapes off easily w/ tongue blade
  • “cotton mouth”
  • Loss of taste
A

Oral Candidiasis (thrush)

44
Q

What virus causes HFM?

A

Coxsackie virus

45
Q
  • Initial outbreak of HSV lasts how many days?
  • Recurrent outbreaks of HSV, how many days?
A
  • 10 - 14
  • 5 days
46
Q

Similar to mucoceles. Caused by trauma.

A

Fibroma and Check Bite

47
Q
  • Dentures
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • DM
  • Anemia
  • Chemo
  • Corticosteroid use (inhaled steroids)
  • Abx
  • HIV
A

Risk factors for oral candidiasis

48
Q

Biopsy or exfoliative cytologic exam

A

Oral leukoplakia

49
Q

Fluid filled cavities w/ mucous glands lining the epithelium

A

Mucoceles

50
Q
  • Normal
  • Raised papillae of tongue
  • Waxes/Wanes
A

Geographic tongue

51
Q

Which 2 groups are more at risk for getting thrush (oral candidiasis)

A
  • Breast-feeding infants
  • Older adults w/ dentures
52
Q
  • White, painless plaques, cannot be scraped off
  • Lateral tongue
  • Not premalignant
  • No tx necessary, but can tx w/ antivirals
A

Hairy leukoplakia

53
Q

Can be associated w/ HPV

A

Oral leukoplakia

54
Q

Labs for:

  • HIV
  • Glucose
A

Diagnostics for Oral Candidiasis (thrush)

(if recurrent test for HIV)

(if concerned for DM, get glucose)

55
Q
  • Red, velvety plaque-like lesion
  • Common in tobacco and alcohol users
A

Erythroplakia

56
Q
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Thrush
  • Meds
A

Black hairy tongue

Foundations II Exam 1 (25 decks)

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