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COMPS > MOTOR SPEECH > Flashcards

MOTOR SPEECH Flashcards

1
Q

flaccid dysarthria speech characteristics

A

hypernasality
imprecise consonants
breathy voice quality

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2
Q

bulbar palsy

A

flaccid dysarthria

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3
Q

flaccid dysarthria non-speech characteristics

A

diminished reflexes
muscle atrophy
inhalatory stridor
fasciculations
deviation of jaw

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4
Q

flaccid dysarthria causes

A

physical trauma
brainstem stroke/ tumor
myasthenia gravis
Guillian-Barre Syndrome

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5
Q

flaccid dysarthria site of damage

A

LMN damage in cranial & spinal nerves (final common pathway)

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6
Q

spastic dysarthria site of damage

A

bilateral UMN damage to pyramidal & extrapyramidal systems

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7
Q

spastic dysarthria speech characteristics

A

imprecise consonants
mono pitch
mono loudness
hypernasality
harsh or strained quality

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8
Q

spastic dysarthria cause

A

stroke
degenerative disease
TBI
multiple sclerosis

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9
Q

pseudobulbar palsy

A

spastic dysarthria

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10
Q

spastic dysarthria non-speech charcteristics

A

pseudobulbar affect
drooling
HYPERreflexes
increased muscle tone

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11
Q

unilateral UMN dysarthria causes

A

stroke (most common)
tumor
TBI

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12
Q

unilateral UMN damage speech characteristics

A

almost exclusively a disorder of articulation

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13
Q

unilateral UMN damage non-speech characteristics

A

tongue deviation
unilateral lower face weakness
drooling
mild dysphagia
unilateral sensory deficits

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14
Q

unilateral UMN dysarthria L-hemisphere damage

A

co occurs with aphasia and/or apraxia

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15
Q

unilateral UMN dysarthria R-hemisphere damage

A

co occurs with cognitive or visual deficits

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16
Q

apraxia of speech speech characteristics

A

ARTIC & PROSODY
-prosodic abnormalities
-slow speech, lengthened vowels/ consonants
-slow rate of speech with pauses
-distorted consonants & vowels
-phoneme substitutions
-articulation errors during repeated utterances

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17
Q

apraxia of speech overview

A

disorder of motor programming affecting timing and sequencing

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18
Q

apraxia of speech non-speech characteristics

A

limb apraxia
difficulty with voluntary movement
groping

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19
Q

apraxia of speech causes

A

stroke
degenerative disease
trauma
tumor

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20
Q

apraxia of speech treatment

A

artic-kinematic
rate control & timing
total communication
word & phrase focus

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21
Q

ideational apraxia

A

inability to use object/ gesture d/t lost knowledge

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22
Q

ideomotor apraxia

A

deficit in ability to carry out motor plan

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23
Q

hypokinetic dysarthria site of damage

A

basal ganglia

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24
Q

hypokinetic cause

A

idiopathic parkinsonism

25
Q

parkinsonism is caused by:

A

reduction of dopamine (slower) meaning there is an imbalance with too much acetylcholine (firer)

26
Q

hypokinetic dysarthria non-speech characteristics

A

resting tremor
bradykinesia
rigidity
spasticity
akinesia
disturbances of postural reflexes

27
Q

hypokinetic dysarthria speech characteristics

A

monopitch, low pitch
monoloudness
harh/breathy phonation
reduction in range of speech with imprecise consonants
increased rate

28
Q

INCREASED RATE

A

HYPOkinetic dysarthria

29
Q

primary differentiating characteristics of HYPOkinetic dysarthria

A

prosodic insufficiency
dysphonia
disfluencies

30
Q

hypokinetic dysarthria treatment

A

target articulatory precision
increase phonatory effort
promote natural prosody
rate control tasks

31
Q

hypokinetic: means an increase in -

A

muscle tone resulting in less motion and decreased range

32
Q

too much movement

A

HYPERkinetic dysarthria

33
Q

hyperkinetic dysarthria damage

A

basal ganglia
results in involuntary movements interfering with normal speech production

34
Q

hyperkinetic dysarthria speech characteristics

A

-primarily affects prosody
-prolonged intervals between syllables and words
-prolonged rate
-brief inhalations of exhalations of air
-voice stoppages
-breathy

35
Q

due to unpredictable nature of choreic movements

A

hyperkinetic dysarthria

36
Q

chorea

A

random involuntary movements of limbs, trunk, head, and neck

37
Q

chorea caused by

A

huntington’s disease
tardive dyskinesia

38
Q

ataxic dysarthria site of damage

A

cerebellum
causes difficulties coordinating voluntary movements

39
Q

ataxic dysarthria speech charactertistics

A

problems controlling timing & movement = “drunk speech”
imprecise consonants
distorted vowels
articulatory breakdowns
abnormal prosody

40
Q

ataxic dysarthria treatment

A

slow rate
overarticulate
respiratory training

41
Q

mixed dysarthria site of damage

A

neurologic damage extends into two or more parts of motor system

42
Q

mixed dysarthria cause

A

any form of brain injury
multiple sclerosis
multisystems atrophy
ALS
Wilsons disease
friedreich’s ataxia

43
Q

mixed dysarthria speech characteristics

A

combo of characteristics in the single dysarthrias

44
Q

mixed dysarthria treatment order

A

treat most severe component first
respiration
resonation
phonation
articulation
prosody

45
Q

IX Glossopharyngeal

A

motor/ stylopharyngeus
sensory/ tongue & upper pharynx

46
Q

X Vagus

A

motor/ palate, pharynx, larynx
sensory/ viscera

47
Q

XI Accessory

A

motor/ sternocleidomastoid

48
Q

XII Hypoglossal

A

motor/ tongue

49
Q

motor speech exam

A

muscles strength/ tone
speech of movement
ROM/ accuracy
steadiness

50
Q

motor speech tasks

A

vowel prolongation
S/Z ratio
alternate motion rate
sequential motion rate

51
Q

dysarthria vs. apraxia

A

dysarthria: speech production deficit; neuromotor damage to PNS or CNS
apraxia: motor sequencing, damage to the L hemisphere of the brain; repeat words of increasing complexity & simple cvc; automatic speech task

52
Q

I Olfactory:

A

sensory/ smell

53
Q

II Optic:

A

sensory/ vision

54
Q

III Oculomotor:

A

motor/ eye upward, downward, medial

55
Q

IV Trochlear motor:

A

motor/ eye down & out

56
Q

C Trigeminal:

A

motor/ jaw

57
Q

VI Abducens:

A

motor/ eye lateral

58
Q

VII Facial:

A

motor, sensory/ anterior tongue

59
Q

VII Vestibulocochlear:

A

Hearing & balance

COMPS (5 decks)

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