MOTOR SPEECH

Question 1

flaccid dysarthria speech characteristics

Answer 1

hypernasality
imprecise consonants
breathy voice quality

Question 2

bulbar palsy

Answer 2

flaccid dysarthria

Question 3

flaccid dysarthria non-speech characteristics

Answer 3

diminished reflexes
muscle atrophy
inhalatory stridor
fasciculations
deviation of jaw

Question 4

flaccid dysarthria causes

Answer 4

physical trauma
brainstem stroke/ tumor
myasthenia gravis
Guillian-Barre Syndrome

Question 5

flaccid dysarthria site of damage

Answer 5

LMN damage in cranial & spinal nerves (final common pathway)

Question 6

spastic dysarthria site of damage

Answer 6

bilateral UMN damage to pyramidal & extrapyramidal systems

Question 7

spastic dysarthria speech characteristics

Answer 7

imprecise consonants
mono pitch
mono loudness
hypernasality
harsh or strained quality

Question 8

spastic dysarthria cause

Answer 8

stroke
degenerative disease
TBI
multiple sclerosis

Question 9

pseudobulbar palsy

Answer 9

spastic dysarthria

Question 10

spastic dysarthria non-speech charcteristics

Answer 10

pseudobulbar affect
drooling
HYPERreflexes
increased muscle tone

Question 11

unilateral UMN dysarthria causes

Answer 11

stroke (most common)
tumor
TBI

Question 12

unilateral UMN damage speech characteristics

Answer 12

almost exclusively a disorder of articulation

Question 13

unilateral UMN damage non-speech characteristics

Answer 13

tongue deviation
unilateral lower face weakness
drooling
mild dysphagia
unilateral sensory deficits

Question 14

unilateral UMN dysarthria L-hemisphere damage

Answer 14

co occurs with aphasia and/or apraxia

Question 15

unilateral UMN dysarthria R-hemisphere damage

Answer 15

co occurs with cognitive or visual deficits

Question 16

apraxia of speech speech characteristics

Answer 16

ARTIC & PROSODY
-prosodic abnormalities
-slow speech, lengthened vowels/ consonants
-slow rate of speech with pauses
-distorted consonants & vowels
-phoneme substitutions
-articulation errors during repeated utterances

Question 17

apraxia of speech overview

Answer 17

disorder of motor programming affecting timing and sequencing

Question 18

apraxia of speech non-speech characteristics

Answer 18

limb apraxia
difficulty with voluntary movement
groping

Question 19

apraxia of speech causes

Answer 19

stroke
degenerative disease
trauma
tumor

Question 20

apraxia of speech treatment

Answer 20

artic-kinematic
rate control & timing
total communication
word & phrase focus

Question 21

ideational apraxia

Answer 21

inability to use object/ gesture d/t lost knowledge

Question 22

ideomotor apraxia

Answer 22

deficit in ability to carry out motor plan

Question 23

hypokinetic dysarthria site of damage

Answer 23

basal ganglia

Question 24

hypokinetic cause

Answer 24

idiopathic parkinsonism

Question 25

parkinsonism is caused by:

Answer 25

reduction of dopamine (slower) meaning there is an imbalance with too much acetylcholine (firer)

Question 26

hypokinetic dysarthria non-speech characteristics

Answer 26

resting tremor bradykinesia rigidity spasticity akinesia disturbances of postural reflexes

Question 27

hypokinetic dysarthria speech characteristics

Answer 27

monopitch, low pitch monoloudness harh/breathy phonation reduction in range of speech with imprecise consonants increased rate

Question 28

INCREASED RATE

Answer 28

HYPOkinetic dysarthria

Question 29

primary differentiating characteristics of HYPOkinetic dysarthria

Answer 29

prosodic insufficiency dysphonia disfluencies

Question 30

hypokinetic dysarthria treatment

Answer 30

target articulatory precision increase phonatory effort promote natural prosody rate control tasks

Question 31

hypokinetic: means an increase in -

Answer 31

muscle tone resulting in less motion and decreased range

Question 32

too much movement

Answer 32

HYPERkinetic dysarthria

Question 33

hyperkinetic dysarthria damage

Answer 33

basal ganglia results in involuntary movements interfering with normal speech production

Question 34

hyperkinetic dysarthria speech characteristics

Answer 34

-primarily affects prosody -prolonged intervals between syllables and words -prolonged rate -brief inhalations of exhalations of air -voice stoppages -breathy

Question 35

due to unpredictable nature of choreic movements

Answer 35

hyperkinetic dysarthria

Question 36

chorea

Answer 36

random involuntary movements of limbs, trunk, head, and neck

Question 37

chorea caused by

Answer 37

huntington's disease tardive dyskinesia

Question 38

ataxic dysarthria site of damage

Answer 38

cerebellum causes difficulties coordinating voluntary movements

Question 39

ataxic dysarthria speech charactertistics

Answer 39

problems controlling timing & movement = "drunk speech" imprecise consonants distorted vowels articulatory breakdowns abnormal prosody

Question 40

ataxic dysarthria treatment

Answer 40

slow rate overarticulate respiratory training

Question 41

mixed dysarthria site of damage

Answer 41

neurologic damage extends into two or more parts of motor system

Question 42

mixed dysarthria cause

Answer 42

any form of brain injury multiple sclerosis multisystems atrophy ALS Wilsons disease friedreich's ataxia

Question 43

mixed dysarthria speech characteristics

Answer 43

combo of characteristics in the single dysarthrias

Question 44

mixed dysarthria treatment order

Answer 44

treat most severe component first respiration resonation phonation articulation prosody

Question 45

IX Glossopharyngeal

Answer 45

motor/ stylopharyngeus sensory/ tongue & upper pharynx

Question 46

X Vagus

Answer 46

motor/ palate, pharynx, larynx sensory/ viscera

Question 47

XI Accessory

Answer 47

motor/ sternocleidomastoid

Question 48

XII Hypoglossal

Answer 48

motor/ tongue

Question 49

motor speech exam

Answer 49

muscles strength/ tone speech of movement ROM/ accuracy steadiness

Question 50

motor speech tasks

Answer 50

vowel prolongation S/Z ratio alternate motion rate sequential motion rate

Question 51

dysarthria vs. apraxia

Answer 51

dysarthria: speech production deficit; neuromotor damage to PNS or CNS apraxia: motor sequencing, damage to the L hemisphere of the brain; repeat words of increasing complexity & simple cvc; automatic speech task

Question 52

I Olfactory:

Answer 52

sensory/ smell

Question 53

II Optic:

Answer 53

sensory/ vision

Question 54

III Oculomotor:

Answer 54

motor/ eye upward, downward, medial

Question 55

IV Trochlear motor:

Answer 55

motor/ eye down & out

Question 56

C Trigeminal:

Answer 56

motor/ jaw

Question 57

VI Abducens:

Answer 57

motor/ eye lateral

Question 58

VII Facial:

Answer 58

motor, sensory/ anterior tongue

Question 59

VII Vestibulocochlear:

Answer 59

Hearing & balance