Motor Programme Flashcards
Advantages of open loop control
Rapid movements
Little attention needed
Useful in stable and predictive environments
Free attention for other task
Negatives of open loop control
Not sensitive to the outcome of the goal
No modification can be made while the action is in progress
Inflexible with unexpected change
What is the motor programme?
Centrally locates structure that defines essential details of skilled actions (Schmidt 1991)
What are the effect of practise?
- leads to learning of skilled action
- development of new precise, stable and longer motor programme
What are the effects of mechanically blocking a limb?
EMG continues unchanged
Motor programmes must be performed and sent as a package
What are 5 things that a motor programme contains?
- Participating muscles
- Temporal sequence
- Force needed to contract
- Duration of contraction needed
- Times between contractions
What adjustments can affect a motor programme?
Change sequence
Change timings
Change force
Time between
What is GMP?
Generalised motor programme
What are 2 problems with motor programmes?
Storage and Novelty
What is a generalised motor program
Schmidt propose GMP controls a class of actions rather than specific movements or sequences.
In 2003 what was the invariant feature/parameter that Schmidt proposed
Reaction time and force component of the skills and the order of the skills
What parameters just the general motor program have
The overall force and duration of muscles used
What are the two evidences for GMP
Common out but using different muscle groups
Acceleration patterns when Writing
What is a schema?
A Rule or a set of rules that serve to provide a basis for decision
What is the schema theory?
It is the theory that there is a relationship between all information and how the GMP operates.
Feedback is ongoing and characterised by?
Executive decision making about errors
Error signal
Effector system for carrying out decision
What are the limitations in feedback control?
Reaction time interval
What are the three types of compensatory loops in reflex modulation?
M1
M2
M3
What comes under the M1 loop
30 to 50 ms
Response to unexpected force
No attention needed
Responsible structures= muscle spindle, monosynaptic stretch reflex
What comes under the M2 loop?
50 to 80 ms
Response to force and movement
Functional stretch reflex
No attention needed
In flexible response
What comes under the M3 loop
120 to 180 MS
Reaction time response
Effects all muscles
Conscious of feedback
Attention demanding
What are the two errors from closed-loop movement
Response selection
Response execution
