Motor Learning - Q&A

Question 1

Which abilities are involved in the control of voluntary movements?
A) Attention, memory, perception
B) Attention, memory, motivation
C) Reflexes, inhibitory control, memory
D) All alternatives are correct

Answer 1

A) Attention, memory, perception

Question 2

How could the role of attention in voluntary control best be described?
A) Mostly used to control a motor pattern, acting on inhibitory control.
B) Mostly used for perception/memory, impacting decision making.
C) Mostly used for self feedback, used to improve performance.
D) Attention only plays a secondary role in decision making processes.

Answer 2

B) Mostly used for perception/memory, impacting decision making.

Question 3

How could the role of memory in voluntary control best be described?
A) It´s the only mental faculty used in the decision-making process.
B) It affects attentional processes, and regulates inhibitory actions.
C) It plays a major role in both decision making and spatial orientation.
D) It’s necessary for learned reflexes.

Answer 3

C) It plays a major role in both decision making and spatial orientation.

Question 4

Which sensory system is mostly used for spatial orientation?

Answer 4

Visual

Question 5

How could the term online modulation be defined?
A) Adaptation of a motor plan, during execution, to an unexpected event.
B) Restructuring of the current motor plan as a reaction to an expected event.
C) Creation of a motor plan before execution when new information is presented.
D) Online modulation is a synonym for regulatory adaption of a motor plan.

Answer 5

A) Adaption of a motor plan, during execution, to an unexpected event.

Question 6

At which stage of learning is a person who is practicing under a professional setting?
A) Cognitive
B) Associative
C) Autonomous

Answer 6

B) Associative

Question 7

At which stage of learning is a person playing in a professional football game?
A) Cognitive
B) Associative
C) Autonomous

Answer 7

C) Autonomous

Question 8

At which stage of learning is a child playing piano with the help of a more experienced piano player?
A) Cognitive
B) Associative
C) Autonomous

Answer 8

A) Cognitive

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE - Problem solving strategies with assistance given as needed but not during planification corresponds to a top-down process.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE - Repetitive training where movements are guided on specific actions, describes a top-down process.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Adding something that increases the likelihood of a desired behavior to occur is an example of:
A) Positive reinforcement
B) Positive punishment
C) Negative reinforcement
D) Negative punishment

Answer 11

A) Positive reinforcement

Question 12

Removing something that increases the likelihood of a desired behavior to occur is an example of: 
A) Positive reinforcement
B) Positive punishment
C) Negative reinforcement
D) Negative punishment

Answer 12

Negative reinforcement

Question 13

Adding something that decreases the likelihood of a desired behavior to occur is an example of:
A) Positive reinforcement
B) Positive punishment
C) Negative reinforcement
D) Negative punishment

Answer 13

B) Positive punishment

Question 14

Removing something that decreases the likelihood of a desired behavior to occur is an example of: 
A) Positive reinforcement
B) Positive punishment
C) Negative reinforcement
D) Negative punishment

Answer 14

D) Negative punishment

Question 15

The development of logical thinking and categorization, and the understanding of abstract concepts refers to:
A) Sensorimotor developmental stage
B) Preoperational developmental stage
C) Concrete operational developmental stage
D) Formal operational developmental stage

Answer 15

C) Concrete operational developmental stage

Question 16

The development of understanding through language and simple abstract concepts, and egocentric behavior refers to:
A) Sensorimotor developmental stage
B) Preoperational developmental stage
C) Concrete operational developmental stage
D) Formal operational developmental stage

Answer 16

B) Preoperational developmental stage

Question 17

The ability to develop hypotheses and reasoning processes based on personal values refers to:
A) Sensorimotor developmental stage
B) Preoperational developmental stage
C) Concrete operational developmental stage
D) Formal operational developmental stage

Answer 17

D) Formal operational developmental stage

Question 18

Which alternative contains categories belonging to the cognitive domain?
A) Willingness to listen, value system and categorization.
B) Knowledge, comprehension, synthesis and evaluation.
C) Perception, mechanism and complex overt response.
D) Guided response, organization and analysis.

Answer 18

B) Knowledge, comprehension, synthesis and evaluation.

Question 19

Which alternative contains categories belonging to the affective domain?
A) Willingness to listen, value system and categorization.
B) Knowledge, comprehension, synthesis and evaluation.
C) Perception, mechanism and complex overt response.
D) Guided response, organization and analysis.

Answer 19

A) Willingness to listen, value system and categorization.

Question 20

Which alternative contains categories belonging to the psychomotor domain?
A) Willingness to listen, value system and categorization.
B) Knowledge, comprehension, synthesis and evaluation.
C) Perception, mechanism and complex overt response.
D) Guided response, organization and analysis.

Answer 20

C) Perception, mechanisms and complex overt response.

Question 21

Which of the following terms DO NOT relate to age-friendly environments, as set by the WHO in 2015?
A) Accessibility
B) Active aging
C) Supportive environment
D) Challenging environment

Answer 21

D) Challenging environment

Question 22

Employment opportunities, participation in society, independency, safety are aspects that belong to:
A) Active ageing
B) Accessible environment
C) Universal Design
D) Supportive environment

Answer 22

A) Active ageing

Question 23

In the organization/planification and presentation of exercises to an elderly population, one must consider:
A) Particular needs, coherence and summarization of information and scheduling.
B) Homogeneity of age, balance skills, overall engagement of the group.
C) Race, sex and gender of the population, as well as personal beliefs/biases.
D) Intellectual developmental level, and differences in developmental stage.

Answer 23

A) Particular needs, coherence and summarization of information and scheduling.