Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Movement Science - BPT07 > Balance and Posture Q&A > Flashcards

Balance and Posture Q&A Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - The central set is the readiness of the CNS based on initial conditions, prior experiences and expectations

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the following is NOT correct for the ankle strategy?
A) The perturbation is fast
B) Muscles are recruited distal to proximal
C) Head is in phase with hip
D) The contact surface is firm and wide

A

A) The perturbation is fast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which of the following is NOT correct for the hip strategy?
A) The perturbation is fast
B) Muscles are recruited distal to proximal
C) Head is out of phase with hip
D) The contact surface is unstable

A

B) Muscles are recruited distal to proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - The reaching strategy is slower than the stepping strategy

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q 
Which system is NOT a component controlling balance?
A) Visual
B) Auditory
C) Vestibular
D) Proprioceptive
A

B) Auditory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which system is mainly involved to control balance during upright standing?

A

Proprioceptive/somatosensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
Which part of the ear detect head movements?
A) Semicircular ducts
B) Cochlea
C) The inner ear
D) The auricule
A

Semicircular ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - The vestibulo-ocular reflex is used to stabilize images during eye movements.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - Vestibulocollic reflex involves neck motoneurons and semicircular canals.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q 
Which of these reflex stabilizes the head position in relation to trunk?
A) Cervico-collic
B) Vestibulo-collic
C) Vestibulo-occulomotor
D) None
A

A) Cervico-collic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which system is decreasing its power during everyday life situations?

A

Proprioceptive/Somatosensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

By which process the relative contributions made by the different sensory systems is controlled?

A

Sensory reweighting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name 3 muscles commonly elongated and weak when having lordosis.

A

Anterior abdominals
Small muscles of lumbar spine (multifidus, rotators)
Lower and middle trapezius Hamstrings may lengthen initially or shorten to compensate where posture has been present for some time
Rhomboids (?)
Upper (thoracic and cervical) erector spinal,
Hyoid muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 3 muscles commonly short and strong when having lordosis.

A 
Lumbar erector spinae 
Hip flexors 
Upper trapezius 
Pectoralis major and minor
Levator scapulae Sternocleidomastoid 
Scalenes 
Suboccipital muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define the central set.

A

Readiness of the CNS for an upcoming event based on initial conditions, prior
experiences and expectations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name the 4 strategies used to recover from a loss of balance.

A

Ankle and hip strategies and Stepping and reaching strategies.

17
Q

Name the different systems controlling balance.

A

Visual
Vestibular
Proprioceptive

18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE - When the head moves in one direction, the eyes follow.

A

False

19
Q

Which reflex is used to stabilize the head position in relation to trunk?

A

Cervico-colic reflex

20
Q

Define sensory reweighting

A

Ability to reweight sensory information depending on what the sensory context is.
Important for maintaining stability when moving from one context to another.

21
Q

What is the difference between Center of gravity and Center of mass

A

COG: Point of application of the resultant of gravitational forces
COM: Defined as the theoretical point in relation to which the mass of this body is
uniformly distributed

22
Q 
In which situation the Base of Support is the SMALLEST
A) Tandem position
B) 4 legged position
C) Feet next to each other
D) Feet spread larger of hip
A

C) Feet next to each other

23
Q

Name the different body landmarks where the gravity lines passes in the SAGITTAL plane.

A 
Forward of ankle 
Behind or through thoracic spine
Through or forward of the knee 
Through acromium
Through r behind the hip (common hip axis)
Through or forward of atlanto-occipital
24
Q

What is happening in a balanced erect posture?

A

Balanced posture of the body reduces the work done by the muscles in maintaining it in an erect posture.

25
Q 
Which of the system is primarily involved when standing in an upright position?
A) Vestibular
B) Visual
C) Auditory
D) Proprioceptive
A

D) Proprioceptive

26
Q

What is the difference between vestibulo-collic and cervico-collic reflex?

A

Vestibulo-collic and cervico-collic reflexes closely interact together for the vestibular control of the head orientation in space.

  • Vestibulo-collic stabilise the head position in relation to the gravity vector.
  • Cervico-collic: stabilise head position in relation to trunk.
27
Q

Which part of the vestibular system is specifically involved in the vestibulocollic reflex?

A

Semi-circular canal

28
Q

Which part of the visual system is involved in maintaining balance?

A

Retina

29
Q

Usually during sensory reweighting during movements, which system gets less involved?

A

Proprioceptive

30
Q

Which structure of the vestibular system detects Angular acceleration?

A

Semi-circular canals

31
Q

Name the different types of standing posture.

A
  • Lordosis
  • Sway back
  • Kyphosis
  • Scoliosis
  • Flat bacK
32
Q

Name three potential health problem of bad posture.

A 
Misalignment of musculoskeletal system. 
Increase pressure on the spine, making it more prone to injury and degeneration. 
Cause neck, shoulder, and back pain.
Decrease flexibility. 
Affect how well joints move. 
Affect balance and increase risk of falling.
Make it harder to digest food. 
Make it harder to breathe.
33
Q

Explain the difference between static and dynamic posture.

A

Static: Body and its segments are aligned and maintained in certain positions. How you hold yourself when you are not moving: sitting, standing, or sleeping. Usually achieved by co-ordination and interaction of various muscle groups which are working statically to counteract gravity and other forces.
Dynamic: Postures in which the body or its segment are moving. How you hold yourself when you are moving: Like walking, running, or bending over to pick up something. Usually required to form an efficient basis for movement. Muscles and noncontractile structures have to work to adapt to changing circumstance.

34
Q

Explain the vestibulocollic reflex.

A

Signals detected by the semicircular canals are conveyed to neck motoneurons with the intervention of 1 interneuron on the vestibulocollic neuron (VN) and will
evoke the vestibulocollic reflex (VCR)

Human Movement Science - BPT07 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions