Motor Learning Flashcards
what is the definition of motor performance
demonstration of a new skill fairly accurately, but without long term retention of that skill and parameters can be clearly described and measured
Is motor performance an accurate reflection of learning
not always
what is the definition of motor learning
set of processes associated with practice or experiences leading to a relatively permanent change in capability or movement
how is motor learning determined
retention of skill after period of no practice and transfer of learning
what are the key points of motor control
organization of practice
task oriented retraining
valued goal by the patient or learner establised
what are the 3 stages of motor learning
cognitive
associative
autonomous
what is the cognitive stage
learner works to develop an understanding of the skill “what is to be done”
what does the learner need in the cognitive stage
lots of feedback, predictable environment, emphasize purpose of skill, minimize distractions, clear instructions, some manual guidance
what is the associative stage
fewer errors and focus on “how to” do the skill
what is key in the associative stage
increase complexity of task increase distraction encourage independence encourage problem solving decrease guidance & feedback avoid manual guidance
what is the autonomous stage
task no longer requires cognitive effort “automatic stage”
what should you provide in the autonomous stage
opportunities for practice with more challenging environments
increase distractions and challenges
what are the motor learning variables (4)
1 pre-practice
2 practice schedules
3 types of practice
4 feedback
what are considerations made in pre-practice (7)
1 motivation 2 practice schedule 3 attention 4 goal setting 5 understanding of task 6 modeling and demonstration 7 types of practice
what are the considerations of practice schedules (3)
1 amount
2 type
3 variability
what are the types of practice schedules (3)
1 massed vs distributed
2 constant vs variable
3 random vs blocked
what is massed practice
more practice than rest
what is distributed practice
rest is equal to or greater than work
what is constant practice
keep everything the same
what is variable practice
generalize by changing environment
what is random practice
multiple components in one task
what is blocked practice
one component again and again and again
what are the 3 practice types
1 whole vs part
2 discovery vs guided
3 mental practice
what is whole practice type
the whole task
