Motor Development 7mo+ Flashcards
7 mo general
Variety in movement and positioning
Variance in skill emergence
Rarely remain in supine for long
7 mo prone
Independent and functional
Reaching
LE dissociation
7 mo quad
Transitions from prone to sitting to quad
Ricking
7 mo mobility
Crawling
Creeping
7 mo sitting
Experiments w/ ne LE positions
7 mo standing
Beginning to pull to stand using people or furniture
Shift weight back to fall or sit onto floor
When held at chest or hands, baby attempt to walk forward
7 mo atypical
Creeping by moving both leg forward simultaneously
W sits and is unable to transition out of position - dont have adequate trunk control —> hip plus knee issues
Importance of creeping
Development of proximal strength and stability
Development of postural control
Pelvic dissociation
Activates both hemispheres
8 mo
Movement is motivated by desire to explore enviro
8 mo sitting
Able to adopt and maintain a variety of LE postures
-ring sitting commonly employed when engaged in fine motor tasks
Rotates trunk and reaches in all directions
Transitions to quadruped
-tucking one leg and foot under belly
Move pelvis and trunk over tibia and tucked leg
8 mo mobility
Creeping - reciprocal extremity move moments
Pull to stand- kneeling to half kneeling
Climbing
Standing at furniture - begin to cruise
Walking - stands holding onto examiners fingers, walks w/ steppage pattern
9th month primary means of mobility
Creeping
Improved speed and control
Changes directions w/ ease
9 mo sitting
Well developed trunk control
Long, ring, side, w
Easy transitions in/out of sitting
Engages in fine motor play
9 mo mobility
Crawling - climbs into chair, ascends stairs
Standing at furniture - lowers in controlled manner, widens BOS based on anticipated need
Cruising
10 mo
Enjoys exploring enviro
Majority of time spend moving in and out of sitting
-retrieving and moving toys
Creeping and climbing
10 month rising to stand
Kneeling w/ out external support
Transitions to 1/2 kneel w/ or w/out support
May use only one hand in transition to stand
10 mo crushing
Variety of patterns along furniture of varying heights and firmness
Beginning to move across open spaces and around corners
10 mo supported walking
Begins w/ stand and walk w/ one hand held
11 mo
Begins to climb off furniture backwards from quadruped
Rising to stand through squatting
Standing at furniture - may release both hands during play, widening BOS as needed
11 mo supported walking
Maintains WS toward side of support
Takes shorter step on support side
11 mo unsupported walking
Abduct legs for wide BOS in unsupported standing or walking
Abducts arms and flexes elbows
12 mo
Experiements w/ new enviro and new objects w/ independence
-climb on or into anything they wish to investigate
Transition in and out of sitting to quadruped, kneeling, squatting and standing
Uses creeping to move quickly
May play in squatting position
12 mo independent standing
BOS is wide for stability
Lower to floor w/ or w/out support
12 mo indep walking
Emergence of skill onset varies Wide BOS Maintains hip ER throughout gait cycle Synchronous flex of hip, knee, and ankle of swing leg Ext of stance leg Flat foot contact
Changes - toddlers
Gain 5lbs and grow 2.5 inches per year
50% of adult height is reached between 2 and 2.5 years
2 year old
Kick a ball, steer push toys, walk on tip toes, jump w/ both feet
Pull of pants and socks, eat with spoon w minimal spillage
Changes 3 year
Alternative feet for stairs Ride tricicyle Emergence of hopping Feeds self well Holds glass w/ one hand Pulls on pants, socks, shoes
Changes 4 yr
Alternative Ng feet down stairs
Catch w/ hands only
Roller skate
Button large buttons
Lace shoes
Feeds self except cutting
5 yr old
Skip, long jump >2ft, jump rope, overhead throwing
Independent eating, hand preference well established
Children remember an activity better if
There was a clear outcome
Actions w/in are logical
Child is engaged in planning
What age can children work toward concrete goals?
20 months
Demonstration vs verbal recall
Preschoolers who are allowed to demonstrate what happened recall far more activity than through verbal recall
Developmental stages of play
Whole body/self motion - midpoint of first year
Exercise play at end of first year
Physical activity play
Stages of object manipulation development (1-5)
- Rotation of held objects 2 mo
- Translation of grasped objects 3 mo
- Vibration/shaking 4 mo
- Bilateral hold of 2 objects 4.5 mo
- Two handed hold of single object 4.5 mo
Stages of object manip development 6-10
- Hand to hand transfer 4.5-6 mo
- Coordinated action w/ a single object in which one hand hold the object and the other manipulates it 5-6.5 mo
- Coordinated action w/ two objects 6-8.5 mo
- Deformation of objects 7-8.5 mo
- Instrumental sequential actions 7.5-9.5 mo
Fine motor 10-11 mo
Small objects held w/ inferior pincer grasp and later pincer
Fine motor 12 mo
Fine pincer grasp
Rolls a ball
Scoops w/ spoon
Fine motor 13-18 mo
Imitative scribbling
Palmar supinate grasps
Precise release of pellet into small container
Fine motor 18-24
Spontaneous scribbling
24-36 fine motor
Digital pronate grasp of pencil
Imitates vertical and horizontal strokes
Fine motor 3 years
Copies circle
Fine motor 4 years
Cuts straight line w/ scissors
Copies a cross
Static tripod grasp of pencil
Fine motor 4.5
Buttons small buttons
Copies a square
Fie motor 5 years
Dynamic tripod grasp
Cog develop 0-6 mo
Responds to sounds Visually prefers people to objects Vocalizes at mirror image Turns head to look for fallen objects Lengthy inspection of objects in enviro
Cog develop 6-12 mo
Reaches, inspects, attends to objects/others Begins to imitate Responds to own name Waves bye Deliberate choice of to Responds to no no Looks ant pictures in book Simple problem solving Object permanence present Transfers objects from hand to hand
Cog dev 12 mo
Imitates putting objects in box Understands and follows simple commands Labels one object Follows one step directions Points to three body parts I’d pictures in a book Points to parts on a doll
Cog dev 2 yr
Joints in nursery rhyes and songs Matches familiar objects Shows and gives names for hair, hands, feet, nose, eyes, mouth, shoes Sings phrases of songs Associates use w/ object Enjoys simple stores in picture books Recognizes self in photo
Cog development 3 years
Knows sex and self Tells action in pictures Has concept of two, three Puts together mult piece puzzle Shows appreciation of past and present Comprehends three prepositions, on top of under inside Tells a simple story Follows 2 stages commands Knows concepts big/little, fast/slow up down
Cog dev 4 years
Follow 3 stage command in proper order Names material objects are made of Gives age Knows day, night Can make opposite analogies Matches and names four primary colors Listens eagerly to stories
Language development 1-7 mo
- Move in repsonse to voice
2-3 coos, cries to get attention, vocalizes pleasure
4-5 turns head toward a voice, vocalizes, laughs and babbles
6-7 babbles, responds to name
Lang development 8-12
8-9 should vocalize to gain attention, syllables
10-11 repetitive consonant sounds, waves hi and bye, gives objects on verbal request
12 points to 3 body parts, imitates name of familiar object, uses a word to call a person
Lang dev 12-24 mo
Receptive > expressive Frequent rep of words and syllables Use of nouns, few verbs, some pronouns 20-100 word vocabulary Names objects in a book
Lang dev 2 years
Rapid increase in language growth
2 word utterances
250 word vocabulary
Inflections
Lang dev 3 years
Uses normal loudness and tone
900 word vocabulary
Use of language in imaginite play
Promoting intellectual development
Encourage exploration
Mentoring in basic skills such as labeling and sequencing
Celebration of developmental advances
Guided rehearsal and ext of skills
Protect form inappropriate disapproval
Provides ric and repsonse I’ve language enviro
Social emotional dev 1-7 mo
1 visual preference for humans
2-3 listens to voices, may smile
4-5 laughs, excited by food
6-7 enjoys mirror, lively repsonse to familiar people
Social emotional development 8-12 mo
8-9 separation concern may begin, desire to be with people
10-11 plays peek a boo, fear of strangers, performs for attention
12 actively engages in play, understands and follows simple commands
Social emotional devil 13-36
13-18 peak of separation distress
18-24 less separation distress, begins to show empathetic responses to another’s distress
24-36 mo verbally responds to another’s distress, includes others in pretend play
Social emotional development 3-5 yrs
3 uses physical aggression more than verbal
3.5 difficultly generating alternatives in conflict solutions, will learn aggressive behavior rapidly if initially successful
5 self control still poor-success depends on removal of temptation or diversion by others
