MOTIVATION THEORIES

Question 1

Types of motivation

Answer 1

• Instrinsic
• Extrinsic

Question 2

Instrinsic Motivation

Answer 2

Motivation that comes from the satisfaction of carrying out a specific activity. No external reward is required.

Question 3

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 3

Motivation that comes from external factors. In a business context, it’s typically money.

Question 4

Taylor’s Scientific Management

Answer 4

It analyzes and synthesizes workflows.Scientific methods should be used to identify the most efficient ways to improve methods.

Question 5

Steps of scientific management

Answer 5

1- Observe task carried out
2- Split them into separate processes
3- Time how long each task takes
4- Train employees and specialize
5- Paywell to counteract monotonous job

Question 6

Advantages of Scientific Management

Answer 6

• Increases efficiency and labor productivty
• Works well for money driven people
• Works for low paid + low qualified labor

Question 7

Disadvantages of Scientific Management

Answer 7

• Treats workers like machines
• Deskilling
• Demotivating
• Heavy Supervision

Question 8

Maslow’s Hierrarchy of Needs Pyramid

Answer 8

• Needs at the bottom are the basic nes, they are concerned with survival
• The rest are growth needs
• Once a level is satisfied, the worker moves to the next level
• A few manage to reach the top

Question 9

Frederick Herzberg - Two Factor Theory

Answer 9

It’s a two factor theory of motivation based on hygene needs and motivational needs. Once hygene needs are satified, motivation needs can make you feel motivated.

Question 10

Hygene Needs
Frederick Herzberg

Answer 10

Those factors that provide dissatisfaction at work if they are not attended to. They are satisfactory, help you get started but don’t lead to motivation.

Question 11

Hygene needs examples

Answer 11

• Work Conditions
• Safety
• Security
• Company car
• Salary

Question 12

Motivational Needs

Answer 12

Things that get you working because you get some intrinsic reward from them.

Question 13

Examples of motivational needs

Answer 13

• Responsibility
• Achievements
• Recognition
• Advancement
• Work itself

Question 14

McCelland’s acquired needs theory

Answer 14

States that employees have three needs: Achievement, Affiliation and Power. These affect Motivation.

Question 15

Achievement

Answer 15

Motivates some employees. They want to work somewhere where success is determined by hard work.

Question 16

Affiliation

Answer 16

The creation and maintenance of social relationships motivate employees. These employees like to be part of a group and care about what others think.

Question 17

Power

Answer 17

Power motivates some employees. They want to encourage and motivate others. They think in terms of winning or losing. They focus on gaining power.

Question 18

Self Determination Theory

Answer 18

There are two types of motivation: Autonomous and Controlled.
In addition, they said that humans have three sets of needs that relate to motivation: competence, relatedness and autonomy. When the three needs are met, employees’ sense of autonomous motivation will increase.

Question 19

Autonomous Motivation

Answer 19

Individual has full sense of volition and choice in what they are doing.

Question 20

Controlled Motivation

Answer 20

Individual is doing something in order to get a reward or avoid punsihment.

Question 21

Competence

Answer 21

When individuals feel competent in a particular domain, they get self-satisfaction . They develop confidence to take on new challenges.

Question 22

Relatedness

Answer 22

Employees need to feel connected to others. Managers can foster it through encouraging collaboration and team spirit.

Question 23

Autonomy

Answer 23

Employees feel b etter when they have a sense of control.

Question 24

Equity Theory - John Adams

Answer 24

Motivation = Outputs > Inputs
Employees will be motivated when they percieve a balance between ther inputs into the business and the output from it.
Motivation is based upon perception of fairness.

Question 25

Examples of inputs

Answer 25

Dedication, Skill, Ability, Adaptability

Question 26

Examples of outputs

Answer 26

Reward, Responsibility, Job security, Fringe benefits