motivation in sport/exercise

Question 1

general definition of motivation

Answer 1

“anything that impels a person to action”

Question 2

what is ACTION reflected in

Answer 2

1. The selection/direction of behaviour
2. The intensity of the behaviour
3. The persistence of the behaviour

Question 3

is motivation a necessary condition for performance

Answer 3

Motivation is a necessary but not sufficient condition for performance/participation. Without sufficient motivation a participant will not perform well, or train/practice effectively

Question 4

six different aspects of motivation

Answer 4

achievement, intrinsic, extrinsic, exercise adherence, participation and drop-out in sport.

Question 5

the three kinds of models of motivation

Answer 5

person-centred, situation centered and interaction model.

Question 6

person-centred models

Answer 6

people have an underlying disposition that accounts for their level of motivation. behavioours are viewed as sign of their underlying traits.

Question 7

situation-centred models

Answer 7

a stimulus in the environment causes a response in the person. a person has no drives, motivational forces, or traits which affect behaviour.

Question 8

interaction model

Answer 8

motivation is a function of the environment and the person and the interaction between the two. a mutual interaction between the two.

Question 9

examples of participation motives in the interaction model.

Answer 9

fun, to improve pyshical health, to be active, weight and motor skills.

Question 10

situational motivators in the interaction model

Answer 10

weather, facility, team spirit /culture, selectors and …

Question 11

five guidelines to build motivation.

Answer 11

(1) Sportspeople/exercisers are motivated by what lies within themselves (traits), and by the situation in which they find themselves.

(2) People have multiple motives for participating. To understand athlete/participant motivation, one must know why they participate.

(3) Structure the sport/exercise situation to meet participant’s needs and/or change participant’s motives if they are inappropriate/unhelpful.

(4) Leaders influence motivation. The coach/exercise leader is a critical part of the situation, directly & indirectly influencing motivation.

(5) Use behaviour modification (more later) techniques to change inappropriate/unhelpful participant motives.