group dynamics Flashcards
what is a group
a group is a collection of indivduals who have relations to one another that make them interdependent to some signifgiant degree.
4 key requirements of a group
interaction, mutual awareness, interdependence and continuity over time.
what do you need to consider in order to maximise group performance
do not necessarily get the 7 best netball players in New Zealand. you need to consider group processes in order to understand. like leadership and cohesion.
what does actual productivity =
potential productivity + losses due to faulty process.
what is actual productivity
what the group actually does (ie., performance )
what is potential productivity
group’s best possible performance given the resources relevant to the task & the demands of that task.
process
everything the group does while transforming its resources into a product (performance)
faulty process
the ineffective use of available resources to meet task demands. through both
(i) coordination Losses: e.g. poor timing, teamwork or strategy
(ii) motivation Losses: occur when some or all members of the group lack effort and desire.
ringlemann effect
Average individual performance decreases with increases in group size.
why does the ringlemann effect work
not due to coordination losses but due to social loafing (motivational losses)
social loafing
reduced individual effort when performing as part of a group. can cause lack of accountability in a group.
what can decrease social loafing
Monitoring individual performances can decrease social loafing, then social incentives can increase individual effort in groups.
social incentives: peer pressure from teammates, praise/recognition, social approval, (see goal orientations) and social support.
cohesion
Coaches refer to cohesion as “team unity”, “team spirit”
Carron’s Model of Cohesion (1982, 2010):
A dynamic process which reflects the tendency for a group to stick together while perusing is goal and objectives.
