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Motivation And Emotion Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 key areas that we studied?

A

-Tangent
Etiology (cause of psychological disorders)
Difference between psych. Disorders and personality disorders)
- Emotion
- Motivation

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2
Q

What is the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental dosorders? (DSM)

A

Is the book psychologists use, that is a combination of substantial research done that helps us know one popuse, which is to diagnose.
In 2013 the DSM 5 was published (per cultures)
Worldwide is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) current edition (ICD 10)

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3
Q

What are the two disorders that are more diagnose?

A

Psychological disorders and personality disorders

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4
Q

What do psychologists discuss in psychological and personality disorders?

A

Psychological disorders: symptoms

Personality disorders: dysfunctional traits

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5
Q

Do we born with psychological or personality disorders?

A

NO

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6
Q

Psychological disorders interfere with…..

A

Your functioning

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7
Q

What is the cause of psychological disorders?

A

Etiology

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8
Q

What does etiology means?

A

It’s BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL

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9
Q

What is BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL?

A

Are the perspectives of psychology

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10
Q

Bio is……

A

Biological and evolutionary approach

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11
Q

Psycho is….

A

Psychodynamic, social-cognitive (cognitive, behavioral approach) and Humanistic

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12
Q

Social is….

A

Cross- cultural approach

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13
Q

What is the diathesis?

A

(A tendency to) Is a psychological predesposition, which is made up of biopsychosocial contributors
Ex: the two people from the military that came from the same experiences but have different reactions. We all have different predespositions, because our own diathesis that make predispose to want thing or another.
Strong diathesis: mas sensible a activar eso

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14
Q

What does personality disorders?

A

Perversive set of dysfunction traits that create dysfunction on the personality. Is diagnose after 18 years old

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15
Q

What are the two core domains of the personality function?

A
  1. Self domain
    • Identity
    • Self- direction
  2. Interpersonal (relationships) domain
    • Empathy
    • Intimacy
      WE HAVE OUR OWN BOUNDARIES TO CHARACTERIZE OUR PERSONALITY
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16
Q

What are the dysfunctional traits?

A

Like feeling abandon, manipulated etc…

Their emotions are intense

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17
Q

What are boundaries?

A

When our personality has its rules or its limits

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18
Q

What is the answer antisocial personality disorder?

A

When a person have a tendency of exaggerating sense of self.
Lacks empathy
Lacking regard for rights of others
Ex: una persona que no le importa pasar por encima de los demas con tal de llegar a sus metas. El tipico de una pelicula
Starts to be a manipulator, then a firestarting or mutilating animals, and as rare cases serial killers
They dont feel guilt

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19
Q

What is unscrupulousness?

A

Not limits, sin moral

Which is another characteristic of an person who has antisocial personality disorder

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20
Q

How is our Nervous System?

A

Its divided in the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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21
Q

How is our Central Nervous System?

A

Its divided by the Brain and spinal cord.

And the Brain its divided in the forebrain, Midbrain and Hind brain.

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22
Q

How is our Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

A

Its divided in the Atonomic and Sematic Neuro Systems.

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23
Q

How is the Autonomic Nervous System divided?

A

-Sympathetic Nervous System: Spends energy fight/Flight
- Parasympathetic Nervous System: Conserves energy
For both your body does automatically

24
Q

What is in the forebrain?

A
  • Hippocampus (memory)
  • Amygdala ( emotion primarily fear)
  • Thalamus ( All sensations except smell)
  • Hypothalamus ( sleep, eating)
25
Q

What is in the Endocrine System?

A

Hormones that communicate with the nervous system

26
Q

What is the BIO on the Antisocial disorder Etiology?

A
  • Lack of mirror neurons ( which means that the empathic neuron is not activated.
  • Processing of emotional content in hindbrain (highly emotional, like a rock)
  • Underaroused autonomic nervous system
27
Q

What is the PSYCHO on the Antisocial disorder Etiology?

A
  • Arousal Theory of Motivation
  • Seek excitement in criminal ways
  • Lack of healthy attachments with others
  • Childhood on set conduct disorder ( se pasan el niño por el sistema hasta que pasa el limite) (robar, cargar armas, damage others(this is antipathy))
  • Typically their families have physically abused them
  • Punishment is not effective for them (Insensitivity of punishment)
28
Q

What is the hindbrain?

A

Does not really process deeply emotional complex experiences.
In the Anti social personality disorder the hindbrain is highly emotional, they do not process those emotions as others

29
Q

What happens to the people that has Anti social disorder and the people who do not has anti social disorder?

A

People who do not have anti social disorder: when they see blood in an accident, their amygdala is activated and they feel fear, and fear that a love one was in the accident. Their empathic neurons are activated
People who do not has ASPD: they do not feel anything, they process highly emotional stimuli in the hindbrain (like a rock).

30
Q

What is the Arousal Theory of Motivation?

A

Interacts with the Underaroused Autonomic Nervous System if you have Anti Social PD.
That we are motivated when our psychological and physiological processes are optimal window of Arousal.

31
Q

What is the optimal window of arousal?

A

That is “your zone”, when is your moment and you do the things fluently, which is caused by the eustress ( good stress).
When the game is on! Do something priductive and quick

32
Q

What is eustress?

A

Motivational stress (good stress) to be productive

33
Q

What happens before, during and after our optimal window of arousal ?

A

Before: Overwhelmed
During: Seek excitement
After: Bored

34
Q

What happens with the optimal window of arousal with the people that are risk takers?

A

They have a high optimal window of arousal, they are going to seek excitement in higher ways than normal. It takes more to be in their zone

35
Q

What happens to people that have Anti Social PD with their OWoA?

A

They have a low optimal window of arousal
They seek excitement and n criminal ways.
That is what really got them excited.

36
Q

What is empathy?

A

0-5 years old
-Empathy: behaviors that see the perspective of the other and care about their perspective.
Brings connection with others, brings nurturing others (aliviar el dolor del otro) they are prosocial ( bring connections)

37
Q

What is Antipathy?

A

Lack regard from others
Lack connection
Lack empathy
Antisocial behavoirs

38
Q

What are the three eating disorders?

A
  1. Anorexia Nervosa
  2. Bulimia Nervosa
  3. Binge eating disorder
39
Q

What is Anorexia Nervosa?

A

IT IS NOT A NERVOUS LOSS OF APPETITE

  • Restricting type . 85% of “normal” weight. Restrict the amount of food they eat( they see food like a drug) (Judgements)
  • Body image distortion (Square example)
  • This is a Worldwide disorder
40
Q

What is Bulimia Nervosa?

A
  • is a Western disorder
  • impulsos de comer en exceso (muchas calorias, y lo resisten hasta que llega al punto que ya no pueden resistirlo y comen 3 mil calorias ) last hacen solos (eat pies, bowl of ice cream, the ingested tragan)
  • Then they feel self- hatred, shame ( feel disco-sting with themselves) para sacar todo eso para “purgarse” ellos vomitan
  • they maintain weight
41
Q

What is Binge- eating disorder?

A

Happens the same as Bulimia. But they don’t vomit

They gain weight

42
Q

What is obesity?

A
  • Genetic predisposition (biological’ lower to i am hungry and high to i am full)
  • Social influence
  • We eat fast, drive thru
  • Manipulation through food
  • Self-care is not a priority
43
Q

What are the theories of emotion?

A
  1. James’ Peripheral Theory of Emotion (Funtionalism)
  2. Cannon’s Central Theory of Emotion (Cannon- Bard
  3. Schachter- Singer two-factor Theory of emotion
44
Q

How is the James’ Peripheral Nervous System Theory of Emotion works?

A
  • They happen on their own (nonvolitional) they are automatic
  • We are always asking ourselves every cause of our emotions.
  • First comes the stimuli (question)–> physiological pattern associated with emotion ( nos ponemos rojos porque estamos bravos) in this stage we identify our physiological pattern and then we are aware o our emotion.
  • primero nuestro cuerpo lo demuestra y luego sentimos la emocion
45
Q

How is the Cannon’s Central Nervous System Theory of Emotion works on James’ Theory?

A
  • What happens in the brain during James’ theory
  • The thalamus (senses except smell) process sensory stimuli for everything, and communicates with other relevant brain regions (depending on the emotion), and the brain activates those regions , then we identify the emotion and the brain activates relevant regions. Finally we are aware of the emotion
46
Q

How is the Schachter- Singer two factor Theory of emotion?

A
  • Factor 2: They say there is a cognitive element of emotion. Asking us “Why do we feel this way?”. Attribute the emotion to reason
    –> we do a cognitive appraisal (pensamos en la razon en la respiesta a nuestra pregunta) highly emotional reason ( I know why i am mad) –> excitation transfer ( snowball)
    Ex: pesimista, todo lo que me pasa durante el dia es malo entonces se acomula mi emocion de estar brava
47
Q

What happens if the cognitive appraisal is highly or non-emotional?

A
  • If the cognitive appraisal is highly emotional then the physiological pattern increase.
  • If the cognitive appraisal is less emotional then the physiological pattern can decrease
48
Q

How facial expressions communicate emotions as cultural and universal aspects?

A

Initially are innate or biological, but they maintain through operant conditioning
Ex: le hablamos a un bebe de forma tierna y nos emocionamos cuando sonrie

49
Q

Define and describe emotion culture

A

When we do not necessarily know what to do and we look to another to imitate their emotions.
Ex: when children get an egg and do not know what to do and look at you to know what to feel or do

50
Q

Define and describe social referencing

A

What emotions are allowed?
How they are allowed to be expressed?
Ex: we do not get to feel sad or to cry in front of someone.
Ex: Uncle Joe who likes to kiss on the lips guys

51
Q

What is drive theories or drive reduction theory?

A

Explains motivation when the goal is homeostasis (physiological or physiological equilibrium or balance)
Cuando uno se siente mal o preocupado uno busca volver a sentirse bien con uno mismo , es buscar ese balance.
When you are imbalance it creates the need of f a primary drive (sleep, drink, eat,sex (hypothalamus drives) or a seconday drive (learn drives, like money or toys or cosas materiales) to restore homeostasis.

52
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Is when feeling cold or warm (physiological) and feeling sad or a fight with a love one (psychological) equilibrium.
Ex: Air conditioning, distract us if it is hot (imbalance)
Is biological and psychodynamic approach ( because our ego is imbalance o balance)

53
Q

What is the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs/Drives?

A
  • From the Humanistic Approach

- Is about the self- actualization (fullest potential) tendency to be betterment (superarse)

54
Q

How is the Hierarchy of Needs/Drives?

A
  1. Self- Actualization (transcender)
  2. Esteem need: Achieving reaching your highest potential of self(CULTURAL)
  3. Love + Belongingness needs: we are social beings (CULTURAL)
  4. Safety needs: safe environment (UNIVERSAL)
  5. Physiological needs: food,water,oxygen (UNIVERSAL)
    Los ultimos no son nuestra prioridad
55
Q

What is Growth and Deficiency orientation?

A
  • Growth Orientation: peak experience (experiencia maxima) it does not have to be about you. You help others shine. Give your experience and take the full feeling and happiness because others achieve.
    Ex: you are happy when they achieve
  • Deficiency Orientation: Materialistic, self- oriented. They are takers. Self- oriented
    Ex: when my house is bigger than my boss’ house, their self achieve is materialistic.

Psychology (11 decks)

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