Motivation And Emotion

Question 1

Pleasure

Answer 1

Behaviors that bring us back towards set point

Question 2

Discomfort

Answer 2

Behaviors that bring us farther from set point

Question 3

Preoptic Nucleus

Answer 3

Codes body temperature set points

Question 4

Ventrimedial Nucleus

Answer 4

Codes weight set points

Question 5

This demonstrated there are circuits in the brain that mediate reward and punishment

Answer 5

Self-Stimulation

Question 6

Affect

Answer 6

Feelings associated with motivation

Question 7

Emotions

Answer 7

Object directed affective states

Question 8

Mood

Answer 8

Affective states that are not object directed

Question 9

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Answer 9

Reward anticipation, decision making, empathy, impulse control, emotion

Question 10

Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 10

Processing of risk and fear, inhibition of emotional responses, decision making

Question 11

Orbital Frontal Cortex

Answer 11

Emotion and reward in decision making

Question 12

Four changes in motivation in depressed patients

Answer 12

1) paralysis of will
2) avoidance, escapist, and withdrawal wishes
3) suicidal wishes
4) increased dependency

Question 13

Monoamine Theory

Answer 13

Depression is caused by lack of monoamines (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine)

Question 14

Set Point

Answer 14

Hypothetical setting maintained by relatively constant brain activity that signals things are “just right”