motivation and emotion

Question 1

drives

Answer 1

internal state of tension that motivates an organism to engage in activities that should reduce this tension

Question 2

homeostasis

Answer 2

a state of physiological equilibrium or stability

Question 3

drive reduction

Answer 3

when individuals experience a drive, they’re motivated to pursue actions that will lead to drive reduction

Question 4

incentive

Answer 4

external goal that has capacity to motivate behavior

Question 5

incentive values of food

Answer 5

palatability, quantity available, variety, presence of others

Question 6

human sexual response phases

Answer 6

excitement phase, plateau phase, orgasm phase, resolution phase

Question 7

parental investment

Answer 7

refers to what each sex has to invest, in terms of time, energy, survival rate, and forgone opportunities, to produce and nurture offspring

Question 8

achievement motive

Answer 8

need to master difficult challenges, to outperform others, and to meet high standards of excellence

Question 9

emotion

Answer 9

involves:

1) a subjective conscious experience (the cognitive component) accompanied by
2) bodily arousal (the physiological component) and by
3) characteristic overt expressions (the behavioral component)

Question 10

affective forecasting

Answer 10

efforts to predict one’s emotional reactions to future events
people can predict positive vs negative, but not durability or intensity

Question 11

subjective wellbeing

Answer 11

individuals’ personal perceptions of their overall happiness and life satisfaction

Question 12

hedonic adaption

Answer 12

occurs when the mental scale that people use to judge the pleasantness/unpleasantness of their experiences shifts so that their neutral point, or baseline for comparison, changes

Question 13

motivation

Answer 13

goal directed behavior