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consciousness etc Flashcards

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1
Q

unconscious

A

needs wishes desires (freud)

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2
Q

eeg

A

electroencephalogram -brain waves (frequency and amplitude)

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3
Q

beta

A

(13-24) normal awake, problem solving

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4
Q

alpha

A

(8-12) deep relaxation

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5
Q

theta

A

(4-7) light sleep

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6
Q

delta

A

(>4) deep sleep

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7
Q

jetlag

A

ignoring circadian rhythms, going east to west is easier than going west to east

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8
Q

realigning circadian rhythms

A

melatonin. bright light.

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9
Q

stage 1

A

light sleep for 10-12 minutes. breathing/heart rate slows, muscle tension and temperature decline, hypnic jerks.

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10
Q

stage 2

A

10-25 minutes. sleep spindles (high freq waves)

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11
Q

slow wave sleep

A

stages 3-4, 30 minutes

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12
Q

REM sleep

A

rapid eye movements, irregular breath and pulse, super relaxed muscles, deep sleep, high frequency low amplitude waves, infants spend 50% of time, people over 50 spend only like 15%. pons.

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13
Q

ascending reticular formation system

A

(ARAS) incoming nerve fibers influencing physiological arousal. when cut, u just sleep.

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14
Q

sleep = why

A

adaptive, conserve energy, restore bodily resources

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15
Q

neurogenesis

A

formation of new neurons

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16
Q

insomnia

A

chronic not getting enough sleep, fatigue, impaired cognitive functioning, depression, anxiety. treatments: henzodiazepine sedatives, nonbenzodiapine sedatives.

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17
Q

sleep apnea

A

reflex gasping for air, awakening. older adults, the obese.

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18
Q

nightmares

A

anxiety arousing dreams waking someone from REM

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19
Q

night terrors

A

nonREM awakenings. intense autonomic arousal and feelings of panic.

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20
Q

somnambulism

A

sleep walking. possibly genetic.

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21
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder

A

potentially troublesome dream enactments during REM

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22
Q

day residue

A

life spilling into dreams. freud. stimuli while sleeping effects dream.

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23
Q

dream: wish fulfillment

A

freud. unconscious fulfilled through dreams (taboo). manifest content: plot of dream at surface level. latent content: hidden undisguised meaning of plot.

24
Q

dream: cognitive problem solving

A

rosalind cartwright. dreams are creative ways to solve real life problems.

25
Q

dreams: activation (synthesis model)

A

dreams are side effects of neural activation. PONS fires APs, cortext makes up dreams to make sense of APs. hobson.

26
Q

hypnosis

A 
altered consciousness. 
analgesia (no pain, exceeds placebo)
sensory distortions and hallucinations
disinhibition
post hypnotic suggestions and amnesia
27
Q

Hypnosis as an altered state of consciousnesss

A

dissociation: splitting of mental processes into two separate, simultaneous streams of awareness.
ernest hilgard.
divided consciousness.
highway hypnosis.

28
Q

meditation

A

family of practices that train attention to heighten awareness and bring mental processes under greater voluntary control

29
Q

psychoactive drugs

A

chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioral functioning.

30
Q

narcotics/opiates

A

drugs derived from opium that are capable of relieving pain. heroin, morphine, codeine, demeral, methadone, oxycodone.
desired effects: euphoria, relaxation, anxiety reduction, pain relief.
short term side effects: lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, impaired coordination, impaired mental functioning, constipation.

31
Q

sedatives

A

sleep inducing drugs, decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity.
barbiturates and non-barbiturates
desired effects: euphoria, relaxation, anxiety reduction, reduced inhibitions.
potential short term side effects: lethargy, drowsiness, severely impaired coordination, impaired mental functioning, emotional swings, dejection.

32
Q

stimulants

A

drugs that tend to increase CNS activation and behavioral activity.
caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines (crystal meth).
treats hyperactivity and narcolepsy.
desired effects: elation, excitement, increased alertness, increased energy, reduced fatigue.
potential short term side effects: increased blood pressure and heart rate, talkativeness, restlessness, irritability, insomnia, reduced appetite, increased sweating and urination, anxiety, paranoia, increased aggressiveness, panic.

33
Q

hallucinogens

A

LSD, mescaline, psilocybin.
desired effects: increased sensory awareness, euphoria, altered perceptions, hallucinations, insightful experiences.
potential short term side effects: dilated pupils, nausea, emotional swings, paranoia, jumbled thought process, impaired judgment, anxiety, panic reaction.

34
Q

cannabis

A

hemp. marijuana, hashish, thc.
desired effects: mild euphoria, relaxation, altered perceptions, enhanced awareness.
potential short term side effects: elevated heart rate, bloodshot eyes, dry mouth, reduced short term memory, sluggish motor coordination, sluggish mental functioning, anxiety.

35
Q

alcohol

A

variety of beverages containing ethyl alcohol.
desired effects: mild euphoria, relaxation, anxiety reduction, reduced inhibitions.
potential short term side effects: severely impaired coordination, impaired mental functioning, increased urination, emotional swings, depression, quarrelsomeness, hangover.

36
Q

dualism

A

mind (soul) and brain are different entities

37
Q

materialism

A

mind and brain are one

38
Q

nonconscious

A

autonomic function (automatic)

39
Q

preconscious

A

just outside of awareness. when mentioned, turns into conscious. underwear.

40
Q

subconscious

A

actively repressed

41
Q

unconscious

A

freud. psychoanalytic approach. unacceptable, aggressive, sexual. completely unaware of these thoughts and desires.

42
Q

consciousness

A

awareness of internal and external stimuli

43
Q

priming

A

implicit reminding effect. rat man.

44
Q

prosopagnosia

A

cannot recognize familiar faces

45
Q

walking in sleep occurs in what stages

A

3-4

46
Q

waking groggy and confused= what stage?

A

stage 4

47
Q

what waves indicate awake but starting to fall asleep

A

alpha waves

48
Q

stage 4 has what waves

A

delta waves over 50% of the time

49
Q

traveling is easier which way?

A

easier east to west. harder west to east.

50
Q

part of brain that maintained circadian rhythms

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus

51
Q

reduced reality testing

A

loosing the idea of whats around you and whats happening

52
Q

agonist

A

a chemical that binds to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce a biological response.

53
Q

antagonist

A

drugs that bind onto receptor sites on a neuron and keep it from firing

54
Q

psychological dependence

A

cannot stop taking drug, but taking same dosage as was originally.

55
Q

physiological dependence

A

cannot stop taking a drug, develop tolerance.

ap psych (7 decks)

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