motivation Flashcards
motivation
-willingness to do something to satisfy some need.
Maslow hierarchy of needs
- only unsatisfied needs influence behavior
physiology, lowest (water/food)
safety, personal security/health
love,
esteem, feeling accomplished
self-actualization achieving full potential
what theory did Douglass McGregor create?
theory x and y
theory x worker
management assumes employees are lazy
theory Y worker
management assumes employees are ambitious
Hezberg 2-factor theory
- a person’s attitude directly influences their success or failure
-hygiene factors extrinsic(external) and related to dissatisfaction
=it leaves them unmotivated but even when present it has no effect
-motivation factors: intrinsic and related to satisfaction
personal growth/promotion
are job satisfaction and job motivation independent or dependent and why?
-independent
-motivation increases and focuses on the motivation of the work
-dissatisfaction and focus on the job environment
what is the job characteristic model of motivation? and what are the 5 core job characteristics?
- impacts the meaningfulness of work
1. skill variety = being bale to use different skills
2. task identity= completion of the whole project from beginning to end
3. task signifvcance= is the work your doing have. big impact on others
4. autonomy = freedom to get your work done
5. feedback
equity theory in business
-employees expect fairness for their work
-compare their input to output ratio to other people
employees who percieve in equity will take action meaning that it affects their actions
theory z
increase employee loyalty to the company by providing a job for life
-promote stable employment and high productivity
=devloped by Edward deming
what is the purpose of having employee recognition programs?
-these are just another way to motivate people
-recognition is a powerful motivator
-leads to repetition
-provide clear identification of desired behavior
-links rewards to performance
plans purpose of employee stock option?
-company establishes benefit plans in which employees acquire stock
-the purpose is for the employee to act as the owner
- provides potential for increased job satisfaction and motivation and wealth and rewards
what is the process of an employee stock option plan?
-options: right to purchase a stock at a fixed price over a pre-defined period
-vesting period: the period over which you receive options (used to promote longevity)
-trigger: an event that allows you to participate in ESOP (how long you have worked)
- option price = pre-determined price for options set BOOI
how many shares can you own?
depends on the size of the company
-The smaller the company the more you own
what can you expect from the stock option plan?
-read disclosures if public
- expect your options to vest over about 4 years
-trigger- expect to be employed for a year
-get the ESOP tied to performance
-be willing to negotiate if you feel the company is growing g
purpose of candle experiment
bring you into a room with a candle, thumbtacks and some matches your job is to stick the candle to the wall so the wax does not drip onto the table
- you need to overcome functional fixedness which is where you look at the box as a platform
-but if the thumbtacks are outside of the box then you already know the answer - very narrow-thinking
-higher incentives mean worse performance in this case
extrinsic rewards and intrinsic
e: rewards given by others like pay for performing a certain task
I; a reward is given to yourself like accomplishment
content theories
- Maslow
-McClelland acquired needs theory - 3 needs (achievement, affiliation, and power)
-deci and Bryan Sefl’s determination theory - assumes people seek innate needs of competence, autonomy and relatedness to grow
-Herzberg two factor theory
process theories
-equity/justic theory: people seek fairness and jsutice in their interactiosna nd relationships
-expecatncy tehiry: ppl are motovated by how much they want something and how likley they think it is they will get it
-goal setting tehory.- goals rthat are specific ad motivating will motivate epople
job design theories
-desiging jobs that will lead to emmployee satsifaction
reinforcemnet theory
motivation is a functional of behavioral consequences and not unmet need
