Motion Flashcards
What are the different types of motion?
The types of motion include translational, oscillatory, rotational, spin, and random motion.
What is relative motion?
Relative motion is the motion of an object as observed from a particular reference point, taking into account the motion of both the object and the observer.
What causes motion?
Motion is caused by the application of a force, which can be a push, pull, or force field like gravity or magnetism.
What is the difference between speed, velocity, and acceleration?
Speed is the rate of change of distance, velocity is speed in a specific direction, and acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
What are the two main types of force?
The two main types of force are contact force (e.g., friction) and force field (e.g., gravitational force).
What are the equations of uniformly accelerated motion?
The key equations are:
v = u + at
s = ut+ (1/2) at ^2
v ^2 = u^2 + 2as
What is instantaneous velocity and acceleration?
Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific moment, and instantaneous acceleration is the acceleration at a specific moment.
How does gravity affect motion?
Gravity causes objects to accelerate downward at a constant rate, typically
9.8 m/s ^ 2
What do distance-time and velocity-time graphs represent?
Distance-time graphs show how distance changes over time, while velocity-time graphs show how velocity changes over time.
How do you calculate the range of a projectile?
The range of a projectile is calculated using the formula:
Range = (π’2 sin 2π)/ π
where π’ is the initial velocity,
π is the angle of projection, and
π is the acceleration due to gravity.
What are some applications of projectile motion?
Applications include sports (e.g., throwing a ball), artillery, and predicting the trajectory of missiles.
What is inertia?
Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.
What is angular velocity?
Angular velocity is the rate of change of angular displacement, typically measured in radians per second.
How is mass related to acceleration?
According to Newtonβs second law, πΉ = π Γ π
where πΉ is force,
π is mass, and
π is acceleration.
This means acceleration is inversely proportional to mass.
What are centripetal and centrifugal forces?
Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circle, directed towards the center. Centrifugal force is the apparent force that acts outward on a body moving around a center, arising from the bodyβs inertia.
What does the area under a force-time graph represent?
The area under a force-time graph represents the impulse.
What is the law of conservation of linear momentum?
The law states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it.
What are some applications of circular motion?
Applications include the operation of centrifuges, car tires on curved roads, and planetary orbits.
What are centripetal and centrifugal forces?
Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circle, directed towards the center. Centrifugal force is the apparent force that acts outward on a body moving around a center, arising from the bodyβs inertia.
What is angular velocity?
Angular velocity is the rate of change of angular displacement, typically measured in radians per second.
What is Simple Harmonic Motion?
S.H.M is a type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the direction opposite to that of displacement.
What are examples of systems that exhibit S.H.M?
Examples include a mass-spring system, a pendulum, and a vibrating tuning fork.
How are period, frequency, and amplitude related to S.H.M?
The period is the time for one complete cycle, frequency is the number of cycles per second, and amplitude is the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
How do velocity and acceleration change in S.H.M?
Velocity is maximum at the equilibrium position, and acceleration is maximum at the maximum displacement.
What is the energy change in S.H.M?
In S.H.M, energy oscillates between kinetic energy (maximum at equilibrium) and potential energy (maximum at maximum displacement).
What is resonance?
Resonance occurs when an external force drives a system at its natural frequency, causing the amplitude of oscillations to increase significantly.
How do you solve problems involving impulse and momentum?
By applying the formula:
Impulse = Ξ Momentum = πΉ Γ π‘
What are Newtonβs laws of motion?
1st: An object at rest stays at rest
2nd: πΉ = π Γ π
3rd: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What are the applications of resonance?
Applications include musical instruments, bridges, and tuning circuits.
