Mostly Renal A&P silde 1-32 Flashcards
- cuboidal cells with very few microvilli
- function more in secretion than reabsorption
- confined to the cortex
distal convoluted tubule
in the nephron capillary bed, the________are low pressure, porous capillaries adapted for absorption, arise from the efferent arterioles, cling to adjacent renal tubules in cortex, empty into venules
peritubular capillaries
sit right on the organ, have little feet, extensions terminate in foot processes that cling to the basement membrane
branching epithelial podocytes
“around 15% of the juxtamedullary nephrons”
- long vessels parallel to the long loop of Henle
- arise from the efferent arterioles of juxtamedullary nephron
- function formation of concentrated urine
vasa recta
the calyx empty into the ?
renal pelvis
captian frida described this as,
“the lake where all the filtrate feeds into, collecting all the tubular fluid/the filtrate, ________to the proximal convoluted tubule, into the medulla then to the descending loop of Henley(very thick), up to the ascending loop of Henley(very thick), into the cortex, distal convoluted tubule, into collecting ducts
bowman’s capsule
“the 3 layers for filtration in the glomerular capsule”
basement membrane
podocyte
fenestrated endothelium of the glomerulus
it was in red. fill in question later
adrenal gland
temporary storage reservoir for urine
urinary bladder
the two main parts of the nephron
glomerulus
renal tubule
urine flows from pelvis to the_____-
ureter
-made up of intercalated cells that function to maintain acid-base balance of the body
collecting ducts
the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule is composed of _______epithelial ______.
branching epithelial podocytes
has little holes for plasma to filtered, but not protein and blood cells
“the filtrate should look just like the plasma”
fenestrated glomerular endothelium
varies and function by segment, simple one cell thick, three cellular surfaces luminal, lateral, basal, transporters vary by surface, and has tight junctions
tubular epithelium
the renal arteries deliver _____of cardiac output to the kidney each minute
1/4 (1200ml)
what vertebrae level are the kidneys
T12-L3
- collect urine from minor calyces
- empty urine into pelvis
major calyces
- has long loop of Henle and glomerulus closer to the corticomedullary junction
- efferent arteriole supplies vasa recta
juxtamedullary nephron
transport urine from kidneys to the bladder
ureters
the efferent arterioles feed into the?
peritubular capillaries and vasa recta
the high _____in the afferent arterioles protects the glomeruli from fluctuations in systemic blood pressure
resistance
kidney blood flow-
what goes into the glomerulus capsule
afferent arteriole
- cuboidal cells with dense microvilli and large mitochondria, “large body surface area because of microvilli”
- functions in reabsorption and secretion
- confined to cortex
proximal convoluted tubule
divide the pyramids
renal column
which capillaries are encircling the cortical nephrons ?
peritubular capillaries
the cone shaped medullary (renal) pyramids separated by renal columns
renal medulla
major excretory organs
kidneys
glomerulus plus its glomerular capsule
renal corpuscle
the granular superficial region/outer shell
renal cortex
the structural and functional units that form urine?
nephrons
the glomerulus capsule is very_____ and _____.
friable and delicate
- has short loop of Henle and glomerulus further from the corticomedullary junction
- efferent arteriole supplies peritubular capillaries
cortical nephron
the very long and straight vessels that run into the medullary area and circulating the medullary nephron?
vasa recta
filtration slits allow filtrate to pass into the capsular space
fenestrated endothelium of the glomerulus
transports urine out of the body
urethra
the glomerulus capillaries feed into the ?
efferent arteriole
the luminal cellular surface of the tubular epithelium does what
filtrate-its located in the lumen
the vascular resistance of the afferent and efferent arterioles is ______ arterial and venous blood to _____in the kidneys
high
decline
the basal cellular surface of the tubular epithelium is located where
interstitium, right next to blood vessels/vasa recta or peritubular capillary
begins as cup shaped glomerular (bowman’s) capsule surrounding the glomerulus
renal tubule
- long loops of Henle deeply invade the medulla
- important in the production of concentrated urine
juxtamedullary nephrons
the afferent arterioles of the glomerulus are______ in diameter than efferent arterioles.
larger
allows filtrate to pass from plasma into the glomerular capsule
fenestrated glomerular endothelium
the part of the nephron capillary bed that is specialized for filtration, blood pressure is high because very small because a lot of important pressure regulation is going on
glomerulus
- thick segment
- cuboidal columnar cells
ascending loop of Henley
the resistance in the efferent arterioles reinforces high ______pressure that creates back pressure to increase blood in the glomerulus to increase flow through basement membrane, podocyte, fenestrated endothelium of the glomerulus(increases filtration) and reduces hydrostatic pressure in the _____ ______.
glomerular
peritubular capillaries
Nerve supply to the kidney is via _________fibers from the _____ _____.
sympathetic
renal plexus
- thin segment
- simple squamous epithelium
- freely permeable to water
descending loop of Henley
defined as a tuft of capillaries
glomerulus
- receive filtrate from many nephrons
- fuse together to deliver urine through papillae into minor calyces to ureter
collecting ducts
_____ _____ makes up ___% of nephrons, almost entirely in the _____
cortical nephrons
85%
cortex
the liver makes the____kidney slightly lower
right
glomerulus arterioles are ______resistance vessels
high
the parietal layer of the glomerular capsule is made of what type of cells
simple squamous epithelium
