Most missed question exam 3 Flashcards
T/F If an individual is infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), then this
individual is considered to have acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
FALSE
Which of the following cells are produced upon activation of CD4‐containing T cells?
A. Helper T cells
B. Memory T cells
C. Regulatory T cells that help to dampen and regulate
D. All of the above
Which of the phases of the infective cycle of the causative agent of malaria is responsible for the
“cyclic” symptoms of this disease?
Erythrocytic phase in red blood cells, where trophozoites feed, lyse red blood cells and infect
additional red blood cells.
A patient apparently has aseptic meningitis, where no pathogen cells are visible by staining and
microscopy of a sample of the cerebral spinal fluid. Which of the following is most likely the cause of this
aseptic meningitis?
A virus such as enterovirus
Overall, viral infection is the most common form of aseptic meningitis
and enteroviruses are the most common viral cause. Enteroviruses are small, nonenveloped RNA viruses of the picornavirus family with various serotypes
Which of the following pathogens is a potential causative agent of pneumonia
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae B. Legionella pneumophila C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae D. Klebsiella pneumoniae E. All of the above
Know these causative agents of pnemonia
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae B. Legionella pneumophila C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae D. Klebsiella pneumoniae E. All of the above
Which of the following best describes opsonization?
Binding of antibodies to an antigen that allows better recognition of a pathogen by phagocytes, thus
enhancing phagocytosis.
Which of the following refers to the ability of antibodies to bind to the same epitope on two
different antigens that causes aggregation of the antigens?
Opsonization
B. Neutralization
C. Antitoxin activity
D. AGGULATION!
Know these terms
A. Opsonization B. Neutralization C. Antitoxin activity D. Agglutination E. None of the above
Antitoxin
special type of antibody that neutralizes bacterial exotoxins
Which of the following is an example of a lymphocyte?
B cells B cells, also known as B lymphocytes
know what type of cells these are Red blood cells B. Platelets C. Neutrophils D. Macrophages E. B cells
Red blood cells B. Platelets C. Neutrophils D. Macrophages E. B cells
What virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae allows it to evade phagocytosis in the lungs?
Ability to live inside lung macrophages.
B. Ability to deactivate T cells and B cells.
C. Formation of biofilms and generation of anaerobic conditions.
D. PRESENCE OF CAPSULE SURROUNDING THE CELL
Which of the following are important in activation of T cells?
A. Presentation of antigens to the T cell by an APC (antigen presenting cell).
B. Recognition of the presented antigen by the T cell receptor.
C. Co‐recognition of the MHC Class II protein on the APC by the CD4 receptor on the T cell.
D. ALL OF THE ABOVE
Know activation for T cells
know steps
Which of the following processes involves small changes in the hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase
(N) antigens due to point mutations and is most responsible for the need to produce a new vaccine for
the influenza virus each year?
antigenic drift
Know definitions! A. antigenic drift B. antigenic shift C. reverse transcription D. B cell activation E. autoimmunity
A. antigenic drift B. antigenic shift C. reverse transcription D. B cell activation E. autoimmunity
Exchange of segments of the RNA genome from two different influenza viruses that infect the same
host can result in ______________, potentially causing large changes in the virus that can result in
antigenic shift
E.coli
. A Gram negative bacterium that is a common causative agent of urinary tract infections.
Streptococcus mutans
A Gram positive bacterium that is the most important causative agent of dental caries.
Staphylococcus aureus
- A Gram positive bacterium that can cause skin diseases such as impetigo, and strains of which have
been found to be resistant to methicillin (e.g. MRSA).
Plasmodium falciparum
A protozoan that is responsible for the most acute form of malaria
Candida albicans
A fungal member of the normal human microbiota and an opportunistic pathogen responsible for
several ADIs and fungal vaginitis
