Most Missed Question Exam 1 Flashcards
In the early 1900’s, his work led to the discovery of antibiotics
Alexander Flemming
In the late 1600’s, he build his own microscopes and was the first person to observe bacteria, which
he called “wee animalcules”
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
. In the late 1800’s, he developed a series of postulates that verified Pasteur’s germ theory of disease
and established a link between a microbe and the disease it caused.
Robert Koch
T/F Of the cell wall, outer membrane, and cytoplasmic membrane: the cytoplasmic
membrane is the least permeable to solutes, while the cell wall is most permeable.
True
T/F There are many types of viruses, but they are only known to infect humans and other
animal cells.
False
Along with proteins, which of the following is a major component of the cytoplasmic membrane?
Phospholipids
Which of the following is true of bacterial endospores?
They are much more resistant to heat, desiccation, and radiation than vegetative cells.
Soon after their discovery, one of the groups of microbes that you have learned about was initially
referred to as being “filterable”. The term “filterable” was used because these microbes could pass
through a filter with a pore size of 0.2 micrometers (200 nanometers), suggesting that these microbes
were smaller than 0.2 micrometers. Based on what you have learned about the typical sizes of various
types of microbes, which of the following do you think this term was most likely applied to?
Viruses
Consider the following hypothetical conditions: A population of 10,000 bacteria has a doubling time
of 2 hours, under a given set of growth conditions. The culture is allowed to grow for 4 hours in
exponential phase. Which of the following best predicts the population size at the end of the 4 hours
incubation? Assume there is no lag phase. You can use the following equation: Nt = (Ni) x 2n
, and the
following values: 20 = 1; 21 = 2; 22 = 4; 23 = 8; 24 = 16; 25 = 32.
B) 40,000
Which of the following is true of bacterial flagellar motility?
It can facilitate chemotaxis by changing the relative proportion of “running” (forward motion) and
“tumbling” (reorientation).
Which of the following is a major component of bacterial cell walls?
Peptidoglycan
Bacterial endospores have which of the following characteristics?
Are formed under unfavorable growth conditions (e.g. substrate limitation) and germinate under
favorable conditions
What occurs during the lysogenic state of a temperate bacteriophage? Chapter 3
The phage DNA integrates into the host cell genome and is replicated along with the host DNA.
Which of the following is the most abundant type of macromolecule (as % of dry weight) in a typical
bacterial cell?
Protein
One method for enumerating viruses is to incubate the virus on a plate (a soft agar overlay) in the
presence of ______ and count the number of resulting plaques.
host cells and necessary components for host cell growth
Which of the following describes an organism able to use organic carbon as a C source and chemical
energy to make ATP?
Chemoheterotroph Chapter 4
A given microbe is able to oxidize glucose by respiration with oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor,
if it is present; in the absence of oxygen, this microbe can instead us nitrate (if present) as an alternative
electron acceptor or may use fermentation. Based on this, this microbe can be described as a(n) _____.
facultative anaerobe
Fermentation is different from respiration in several key aspects, including that
Fermentation utilizes organic electron acceptors, while respiration uses inorganic acceptors
differences between gram positive and gram -?
Periplasmic space: present in gram - absent in positive
Outer membrane
present in gram - absent in positive
preventing cell lysis under hypotonic conditions and
for maintaining cell shape?
cell wall duh
Structure ______ would be most responsible for the _______ color of this cell resulting from
application of the Gram stain procedure.
gram cell wall, purple
This bacterium is capable of respiration and has an electron transport chain, including cytochromes,
quinones, and an ATP synthase, but these structures are not shown on the diagram. If they were shown,
in which structure or region would these be found?
below cytoplasmic membrane-both cells have cytoplasmic membrane
