Most Common Part 2 Flashcards
Compiled most commons
Most of potassium is secreted in:
CNT
Most common cause of absolute hypovolemia
Massive bleeding by GI or
trauma
Most recognized renal effect of AVP in CHF
hyponatremia
earliest clinical sign in hypervolemia
HPN, (ffd by peripheral edema andincreased JVP
Most common cause of type 1 HOKP
Autosomal dominant mutations in CACNA1S
gene encoding the α1-subunit of L-type
calcium channels
most common cause of
hypokalemic distal RTA
Sjogren’s syndrome
Most common causes of chronic, difficult to
dx hypokalemia
Gitelman’s Syndrome, Surreptitious vomiting,
Diuretic abuse
Most common cause of HyperK in ER
Renalfailure
Most important infectious cause of Adrenal
insuffcy
HIV
Most common cause of adrenalitis in HIV
CMV
Most cmmon casue of hyperphosphatemia
decreased renal function
Most common cause of
pseudohyperphosphatemia
paraproteinemia
(as in multiple myeloma or Waldenström’s
macroglobulinemia)
Most common form of familial PHPT
MEN1
Most common granulomatous disease
causing hypercalcemia
Sarcoidosis
The most common cause of acquired
hypoparathyroidism in adults
surgical
removal of or damage to the parathyroid
glands
best indicator of vit D status
The level of 25(OH)D in the serum
Most common cause of autosomal
recessive proximal tubule renal tubular
acidosis (RTA)
Defects in NBCe1
Most important /principal defect in advanced
renal failure causing NAGMA
ammoniagenesis is reduced in proportion
to the loss of functional renal mass
Most common cause of acquired proximal
RTA in adults
MM, chemotherapeutic drug
injury (ifosfamide)
Most common Mechanisms for dRTA
Defects in: basolateral HCO3/Cl exchanger *
and subunits of H ATPase
Most common example of the “gradient”
defect as a cause of dRTA
Amphotericin B
most frequently associated renal diseases in Hyporeninmeic
hypoaldosteronism
diabetic nephropathy
and tubulointerstitial disease.
Most common cause of type A lactic
acidosis
Tissue underperfusion and acute
underoxygenation at the tissue level (tissue
hypoxia)
most commonly associated Acid base
disturbance with salicylate intoxication
respiratory alkalosis
Most common open system buffer
CO2-HCO3 system
Most common form of anemia in CKD
normocytic, normochromic or slightly
hypochromic anemia with insufficient
production of erythrocytes
Major/Most common cause of anemia in CKD:
EPO deficiency
Most notable hemaotologic effect of aluminum In dialyzed patients
microcytic
anemia
