Morphogens, Induction and Competence Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three types of intracellular signalling?

A
  1. Diffusion of signals –> membrane-bound receptors
  2. Membrane-bound receptor –> complementary membrane-bound receptor
  3. Diffusion of signals –> intracellular receptors
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2
Q

What is a morphogen?

A

A signalling molecule produced from a localised source and spread away to form a concentration gradient

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3
Q

What does cell fate depend on with morphogens?

A

Cell fate depends on the [morphogen] –> gradient determine pattern of development

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4
Q

What model is used to describe basic pattern formation?

A

The French flag model

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5
Q

What is induction?

A

Signalling from one cell type to another, with a change in specification of the responding cell

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6
Q

What is competence?

A

The ability to respond to a signal

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7
Q

What is an example of a morphogen?

A

Bicoid in Drosophila

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8
Q

In bicoid mutant eggs, what structure is lacking?

A

Head structures

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9
Q

Where is bicoid mRNA localised?

A

To the anterior end

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10
Q

How is the bicoid gradient formed?

A

By diffusing through the cytoplasm of the syncytial blastoderm

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11
Q

What does bicoid do?

A

Enters nuclei to regulate the expression of the hunchback gene which codes for a transcription factor involved in embryo segmentation

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12
Q

Which gene is associated with bicoid?

A

Hunchback

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13
Q

What is the hunchback gene in Drosophila involved in?

A

Embryo segmentation

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14
Q

What kind of gene is hunchback?

A

A gap gene - Genes involved in the development of segmented embryos

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