Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Developmental Biology > Making a Neuron > Flashcards

Making a Neuron Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Formation of nervous system

A
  • Specification of neuroectoderm
  • Specification of neruoblast
  • Division and migration
  • Differentiation
  • Innervation of target tissue: axon guidance
  • Synapse formation
  • Pruning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the neuroectoderm of the Drosophila gastrula givers to?

A

The CNS of the larva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the small groups of cells in the neuroectoderm called?

A

Proneural clusters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do the cells in each cluster form?

A

An equivalence group - all have potential to be differentiated into neuroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many cells in each cluster become a neuroblast?

A

Only one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the secondary fate of cells in proneural clusters

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is it that only one cell in each pronerual cluster becomes a neuroblast?

A

Lateral inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is lateral inhibition mediated by?

A

Delta-Notch signalling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What type of signalling is Delta-Notch signalling an example of?

A

Juxtacrine signalling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Delta is a _______ ______

A

Transmembrane ligand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Notch is a ________ _____

A

Transmembrane receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Do all the cells in the equivalence group express Delta and Notch?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an equivalence group?

A

Set of unspecified cells that have the same developmental potential or ability to adopt various fates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens in terms of Delta and Notch expression when one cell is differentiating into a neuroblast?

A
  1. One cell will start expression Delta more strongly so other cell’s Notch more active
  2. This cell inhibits other cells’ Delta expression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does a homozygous loss-of-function mutation in either Notch or Delta result in?

A

All cells in the pro neural clusters become neuroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Neuroblast cell behaviour

A

Delamination and asymmetric division

17
Q

Process of making a neuron? maybe

A

Neuroblast delaminates form the neuroectoderm and into embryo
Undergoes asymmetric division to form a ganglion mother cell which inherits the Numb protein and neuroblast cell
Segregation of cytoplasmic factors into one daughter cell (i.e. Numb)
Neuroblast splits and creates more ganglion mother cells

18
Q

A neuroblast undergoes asymmetric division to form what?

A

A ganglion moter cell and a neuroblast cell

19
Q

What does the ganglion mother cell inherit?

A

Numb protein

20
Q

Drosophila have what which are sensitive to mechanical movement?

A

Mechanosensory bristles

21
Q

What is each sensory bristle organ a clone of?

A

Four cells derived from a sensory organ precursor (SOP_

22
Q

What are the components of a mechanosensory bristle?

A
  • Hair cell (trichogen)
  • Socket cell
  • Sheath cell (thecogen)
  • Sensory neuron
23
Q

What do sensory bristles in Drosophila arise from originally?

A

Proneural clusters

24
Q

What does a cell in the pro neural cluster differentiate into instead of a neuroblast for the fate of becoming a bristle?

A

Sensory organ precursors (SOPs)

25
Q

How are SOPs singled out?

A

By lateral inhibition from pro neural clusters. Involves Delta-Notch signalling

26
Q

When does a SOP form 4 neurones?

A

When there is either a loss-of-Notch-function or overxpression of Numb

27
Q

What happens when there is either a loss-of-Notch-function or over expression of Numb?

A

SOP divides into four neurones

28
Q

Why does the over expression of Numb have the same effect as a loss of Notch function?

A

Numb inhibits Notch

29
Q

Neuronal differentiation

A

Axon outgrowth and patfinding

30
Q

How do neurones pathfind?

A

Growth cone at tip of axon

31
Q

What are neural connections refined by?

A

Pruning and cell death

32
Q

Examples of long-range cues

A
  • Chemoattractants

- Chemorepellants

33
Q

Examples of short range cues

A
  • Contact attraction

- Contact repulsion

Developmental Biology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions