more random paeds Flashcards
treatment for enuresis?
reward charts, enuresis alarm,
desmopressin
what type of laxatives are movicol, senna, lactulose?
movicol, lactulose = osmotic
senna = stimulate
Movicol= osmotic, first line senna= stimulant lactulose= osmotic
where is most common site of urethra in hypospadias?
distal ventral surface
what is fragile x mutation?
trinucleotide CGG repeat on x
Gene is called FMR1
what is hydrops fetalis?
accumulation of fluid in at least 2 fetal compartments
caused by Rh disease
and other blood - alpha thalassaemia
what can precede ITP?
viral illness eg EBV
what is the treatment for perthe’s under 6 y?
has good prognosis on its own
what is caput succedaneum?
Caput succedaneum is a puffy swelling that usually occurs over the presenting part and crosses suture lines
what is neonatal hypotonia associated with?
prader-willi
what is emergency treatment of croup in ED?
if dex not working
give adrenaline and oxygen
what does presence of liver in thorax suggest in congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
The presence of the liver in the thoracic cavity is a poor prognostic factor for CDH
which prostaglandin is used to keep the duct open?
alprostadil
what medication is given for spasticity in cerebral palsy?
oral diazepam
oral and intrathecal baclofen
botulinum toxin type A
orthopaedic surgery and selective dorsal rhizotomy
also anticonvulsants
‘continuous blowing noise’ heard below both clavicles.. what?
venous hum
mnemonic for ALL
Anemia Lymphoblasts Lymphadenopathy Bruises Appetite reduced Bone pain A rash Sob
what is anti-epileptic use during pregnancy cause?
orofacial clefts
what antibiotics for nec?
broad spectrum antibiotics
what will you see on x ray of nec?
distended loops of bowel
thickening/fluid/air in bowel wall
what do you give as prophylaxis for immunocompromised in contact with chickenpox?
varicella immunoglobulin
what pulse is associated with PDA?
collapsing pulse
what cause of nappy rash spares creases?
irritant dermatitis
first line treatment for eczema child who has not tried any medication?
emollients
steroid
how does activity affect osgood-schlatter?
pain relieved by rest
made worse with kneeling running jumping etx
what medication for whooping cough?
clarithromycin
what can cystic fibrosis cause?
diabetes
from what age can a transcutaneous bilirubinometer be used?
from 24 hours
if a baby suspected to have jaundice, assess serum bilirubin within 2hrs
do infantile spasms carry a good prognosis?
worsening mental handicap ecg shows hypsarrhythmia salaam attacks more common in male present 4-8 months ct will show local/perfuse brain disease eg tuberous sclerosis
do children with headlice need exclusion?
no
treatment with wet combing, malathion.
household only need treating if symptomatic
how to prevent nosebleeds?
short course of chlorhexidine and neomycin
discourage picking nose
sit forward with mouth open when nose bleeds
what are pts with measles at risk of developing immediately after measles?
pneumonia
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is 10 years after
what is the initial management of hirschprung’s if not yet confirmed?
irrigation/enema
what is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
minimal change disease - idiopathic, treat with high dose oral steroids
what are the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome?
proteinuria
hypoalbuminaemia
oedema
