more random paeds

Question 1

treatment for enuresis?

Answer 1

reward charts, enuresis alarm,

desmopressin

Question 2

what type of laxatives are movicol, senna, lactulose?

Answer 2

movicol, lactulose = osmotic
senna = stimulate

Movicol= osmotic, first line
senna= stimulant
lactulose= osmotic

Question 3

where is most common site of urethra in hypospadias?

Answer 3

distal ventral surface

Question 4

what is fragile x mutation?

Answer 4

trinucleotide CGG repeat on x

Gene is called FMR1

Question 5

what is hydrops fetalis?

Answer 5

accumulation of fluid in at least 2 fetal compartments
caused by Rh disease
and other blood - alpha thalassaemia

Question 6

what can precede ITP?

Answer 6

viral illness eg EBV

Question 7

what is the treatment for perthe’s under 6 y?

Answer 7

has good prognosis on its own

Question 8

what is caput succedaneum?

Answer 8

Caput succedaneum is a puffy swelling that usually occurs over the presenting part and crosses suture lines

Question 9

what is neonatal hypotonia associated with?

Answer 9

prader-willi

Question 10

what is emergency treatment of croup in ED?

Answer 10

if dex not working

give adrenaline and oxygen

Question 11

what does presence of liver in thorax suggest in congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Answer 11

The presence of the liver in the thoracic cavity is a poor prognostic factor for CDH

Question 12

which prostaglandin is used to keep the duct open?

Answer 12

alprostadil

Question 13

what medication is given for spasticity in cerebral palsy?

Answer 13

oral diazepam
oral and intrathecal baclofen
botulinum toxin type A
orthopaedic surgery and selective dorsal rhizotomy

also anticonvulsants

Question 14

‘continuous blowing noise’ heard below both clavicles.. what?

Answer 14

venous hum

Question 15

mnemonic for ALL

Answer 15

Anemia
Lymphoblasts
Lymphadenopathy
Bruises
Appetite reduced
Bone pain
A rash
Sob

Question 16

what is anti-epileptic use during pregnancy cause?

Answer 16

orofacial clefts

Question 17

what antibiotics for nec?

Answer 17

broad spectrum antibiotics

Question 18

what will you see on x ray of nec?

Answer 18

distended loops of bowel

thickening/fluid/air in bowel wall

Question 19

what do you give as prophylaxis for immunocompromised in contact with chickenpox?

Answer 19

varicella immunoglobulin

Question 20

what pulse is associated with PDA?

Answer 20

collapsing pulse

Question 21

what cause of nappy rash spares creases?

Answer 21

irritant dermatitis

Question 22

first line treatment for eczema child who has not tried any medication?

Answer 22

emollients

steroid

Question 23

how does activity affect osgood-schlatter?

Answer 23

pain relieved by rest

made worse with kneeling running jumping etx

Question 24

what medication for whooping cough?

Answer 24

clarithromycin

Question 25

what can cystic fibrosis cause?

Answer 25

diabetes

Question 26

from what age can a transcutaneous bilirubinometer be used?

Answer 26

from 24 hours

if a baby suspected to have jaundice, assess serum bilirubin within 2hrs

Question 27

do infantile spasms carry a good prognosis?

Answer 27

worsening mental handicap 
ecg shows hypsarrhythmia 
salaam attacks
more common in male
present 4-8 months 
ct will show local/perfuse brain disease eg tuberous sclerosis

Question 28

do children with headlice need exclusion?

Answer 28

no
treatment with wet combing, malathion.

household only need treating if symptomatic

Question 29

how to prevent nosebleeds?

Answer 29

short course of chlorhexidine and neomycin
discourage picking nose
sit forward with mouth open when nose bleeds

Question 30

what are pts with measles at risk of developing immediately after measles?

Answer 30

pneumonia

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is 10 years after

Question 31

what is the initial management of hirschprung’s if not yet confirmed?

Answer 31

irrigation/enema

Question 32

what is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?

Answer 32

minimal change disease - idiopathic, treat with high dose oral steroids

Question 33

what are the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome?

Answer 33

proteinuria
hypoalbuminaemia
oedema