MORE IAI QUESTIONS Flashcards
Which of the following statements regarding antigen presenting cells are true and which are false?
A) They are phagocytic
B) They are located only in lymph nodes
C) They express MHC molecules on their surface
D) They circulate from blood to tissue via the lymphatics
E) They present antigen to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
true, false, true, true, true
The following are features of immediate hypersensitivity. True or false?
A. IgE antibodies
B. Degranulation of neutrophils
C. Persistent tissue damage
D. The release of histamine
E. Complement activation
true, false, false, true, false
Which of the following statements is the best to explain the relationship, if any, between antibody structure and the genome?
A. Antibody molecules are variable receptors whose structures
are encoded in an extremely large number of different
genes, responsible for approximately half one’s genome.
B. Antibody molecules are variable receptors whose structures
are independent of the genome.
C. Antibody molecules are variable receptors whose structures
depend on the immunological history of one’s parents.
D. Antibody molecules are variable receptors whose structures
reflect recombined genes from one’s genome and a
sequence of germ-line mutation events.
E. Antibody molecules are variable receptors whose structures
reflect recombined gene segments from one’s genome and a sequence of somatic mutation events
D
Which of the following statement is true and which is false. The T cell receptor:
A. Is absent from naïve T cells
B. Recognises antigenic peptides on MHC molecules
C. Is present on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
D. Will bind different antigens simultaneously
E. Binds to IL-2
false, true, true, false, false
Which is an example of an organ specific autoimmune disease?
A. Chronic granulomatous disease
B. Perennial rhinitis
C. Rheumatoid arthritis
D. Systemic lupus erythematosus
E. Type1 diabetes
Based on their morphological characteristics, some bacteria are considered pleomorphic.
What does this mean?
A. That they are long and helical-shaped
B. That they are shaped like bent rods
C. That they can grow into stalked structures
D. That they do not have just one shape
E. That they have spherical shape
Why do gram-positive cells appear purple when using the Gram stain?
A. Have a periplasmic space that retains the crystal violet stain
B. Have a thick capsule that retains the crystal violet stain
C. Have a thin layer of peptidoglycan that is stained by safranin
D. Have an outer membrane that retains the crystal violet stain
E. Have multiple layers of peptidoglycan that retain the crystal violet stain
E
At the population level, the success of a vaccination programme depends on:
A. Herd immunity
B. Favourable environmental conditions
C. Immunity transferred by administration of antibodies
D. Natural active immunity
E. Natural passive immunity
A
What family of human viruses have a complex capsid?
A. Bacteriophages
B. dsRNA viruses
C. Naked viruses
D. Poxviruses
E. ssRNA viruses
D
Which plasma protein that is not secreted by plasma cells mediates opsonisation of antigen so that antigen can be recognized by phagocytes, which have a receptor for it?
A. C3b
B. CD4
C. Class 1 HLA molecule
D. Immunoglobulin M
E. Interferon gamma
A
What is the cell that secretes antibody?
A. Basophil
B. Endothelial cell
C. Macrophage
D. Plasma cell
E. Th2 effector CD4 T lymphocyte
D
Spores are formed by two genera of medically important gram- positive bacteria.
What is the purpose of bacterial spores?
A. Allow bacteria to spread on the wind
B. Allow bacteria to survive in adverse conditions
C. Allow bacteria to survive in the absence of oxygen
D. Allow bacteria to store nutrients
E. Help bacteria to grow faster
B
What structure is not present in naked viruses?
A. Envelope
B. DNA genome
C. Helical capsid
D. Nucleocapsid
E. RNA genome
A
Which of the following is a common cause of nosocomial infections?
A. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1
B. Leishmania infantum
C. Schistosoma mansoni
D. Staphylococcus aureus
E. Pneumocystis pneumonia
D
What plasma protein that is not secreted by plasma cells mediates opsonisation of antigen so that antigen can be recognized by phagocytes, which have a receptor for it?
A. C3b
B. CD4
C. Class 1 HLA molecule
D. Immunoglobulin M
E. Interferon gamma
A
