HIEBP FORMATIVE - KEATS Flashcards
What is Implementation Science?
a.Implementation science is the deep phenotyping of patients to improve precision medicine
b. Implementation science is the drawing together of evidence from patients, researchers, clinicians, statisticians, and others
c. Implementation science is the replication of research findings in diverse situations
d. Implementation science is the scientific study of methods to promote uptake of evidence-based practices into routine clinical practice
e. Implementation science is the search for external validity in clinical interventions.
B
The highest quality of evidence in the support of clinical practice is:
a. Authoritative reviews
b. Meta-analysis of systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials
c. The combination of case-control and cohort studies
d. Editorial commentaries
e. Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods
B
Clinical Decision Support Systems
a. are the basis of the clinical guidelines provided by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
b. are to be found in systematic reviews in the Cochrane Database
c. link recorded health observations with health information in the electronic patient record to influence management choices by clinicians
d. are indices of pharmaceutical treatments providing detailed information on drug dosages
e.are digital links between public health policy, the achievement of targets, and the electronic patient record
C
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
a.is the national provider of IT systems for commissioners, analysts and clinicians in health and social care
b.provides national guidance and advice to improve health and health care
c. is a surveillance organisation to protect patients from harm resulting from treatments or investigations
d. is the main source of research funding in the NHS
e. regulates and inspects health and social care services in England
B
The purpose of a randomised controlled trial is
a. to ensure as many participants in the control group receive the treatment being tested as those in the intervention group
b. to reduce the risk of side effects in both the intervention and control groups
c. to test the long-term effectiveness of a new treatment
d. to reduce bias when testing the effectiveness of new treatments
e. to protect participants from the dangers of untested treatments
D
The key characteristics of Big Data in healthcare are
a. need for advanced computing, great variety, and rapid velocity.
b. large volume, great variety, and rapid velocity
c. wide range of sources, great variety, and large volume
d. public accessibility, need for advanced computing, wide range of sources
e.public accessbiliity, need for advanced computing and large volume
B
Key obstacles to the implementation of clinical evidence in practice are:
a. Research design based on case-control studies
b. Poor team structure and lack of leadership
c. Inadequate sample size in the original trial
d. Evidence of efficacy not tested for effectiveness
e.Lack of involvement of patients in the conduct of trials
B
Patient and public involvement in the design and delivery of research, funded within the NHS
a. Is a stated NHS priority but has not received central funding
b. is dependent on voluntary participation with occasional provision of expense reimbursement and training
c. has received NHS support and training but is not yet universally applied
d. is a requirement of all research funded by the National Institute of Health Research
e. is a long term objective of the National Institute of Health Research yet to realised
D
What is Evidence-Based Medicine?
a. Evidence-based medicine is an approach to clinical practice that maximises access to Big Data
b. Evidence-based medicine is the explicit use of evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients
c. Evidence-based medicine links the electronic patient record with the learning health system
d. In evidence-based medicine the clinician only accepts evidence at the level of randomized controlled trials or higher.
e. The central characteristic of evidence-based medicine is the use of the electronic patient record in making clinical decisions
B
A Learning Health System is
a. digital health system built on the electronic patient record that integrates new clinical data with the patient’s existing health record
b. is one in which internal data and experience are systematically and continuously integrated with external evidence and provided to support clinical practice
c. a digital health system in which the clinician’s learning needs are assessed from their clinical performance
d. one in which all patient-related data are stored in the electronic patient record
e. one with continuous clinical education at its core
B
